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Nanoparticles Based Therapeutic Approaches in Oncogenic Viral Infections: A Review.

Nanotechnology has revolutionized biomedical research by providing novel strategies for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of oncogenic viral infections. Nanoparticles, possessing tunable physicochemical properties, enable targeted drug delivery, enhance vaccine efficacy, and facilitate advanced viral diagnostics, addressing key limitations of conventional therapies. Oncogenic viruses contribute substantially to the global burden of cancer through persistent infections and are influenced by environmental and lifestyle factors. The objective of this review is to synthesize and critically

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of Castleman disease: A multicenter study of 185 Chinese patients.

Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder. To assess the clinical features, outcomes, and prognostic factors of this disease, we retrospectively analyzed 185 HIV-negative CD patients from four medical centers in southern China. The median age was 37 years. One hundred and twenty-one patients (65.4%) were classified as unicentric CD (UCD) and 64 patients (34.6%) were classified as multicentric CD (MCD). The histology subtype was hyaline-vascular for 132 patients (71.4%), plasma cell for 50 patients (27%), and mixed type for 3 patients (1.6%). The 5-year overall survival (OS)

HTLV-1 viral oncogene HBZ induces osteolytic bone disease in transgenic mice.

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive T cell malignancy that occurs in HTLV-1 infected patients. Most ATL patients develop osteolytic lesions and hypercalcemia of malignancy, causing severe skeletal related complications and reduced overall survival. The HTLV-1 virus encodes 2 viral oncogenes, Tax and HBZ. Tax, a transcriptional activator, is critical to ATL development, and has been implicated in pathologic osteolysis. HBZ, HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper transcription factor, promotes tumor cell proliferation and disrupts Wnt pathway modulators; however, its role in ATL induced o

HIV-Associated Lymphomas: Updates from Pathogenesis to Treatment Strategies.

HIV-associated lymphoma (HAL) is an aggressive malignancy directly linked to HIV infection and accounts for more than 30% of cancer-related deaths in people living with HIV (PLWH). HAL subtypes, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), Burkitt lymphoma (BL), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL), exhibit five to ten times higher incidence rates and distinct molecular profiles compared to HIV-negative lymphomas. Pathogenesis involves HIV-driven CD4+ T-cell depletion, chronic B-cell activation, and oncogenic viral coinfection. First-line therapy combines antir

HIV-1 matrix protein p17 misfolding forms toxic amyloidogenic assemblies that induce neurocognitive disorders.

Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains an important neurological manifestation that adversely affects a patient's quality of life. HIV-1 matrix protein p17 (p17) has been detected in autoptic brain tissue of HAND individuals who presented early with severe AIDS encephalopathy. We hypothesised that the ability of p17 to misfold may result in the generation of toxic assemblies in the brain and may be relevant for HAND pathogenesis. A multidisciplinary integrated approach has been applied to determine the ability of p17 to form soluble amyloi

Диметил Фумаратно-ассоциированный острый гепатоклеточный травматизм, оцененный на основании причинно-следственной связи с использованием обновленного RUCAM: A Biopsy-Supported Case Report.

Диметилфумарат может редко вызывать серьезные повреждения гепатоцеллюлярной системы. У 26-летней женщины энзимы печени росли вскоре после начала лечения, и биопсия поддерживала DILI. Обновленная оценка РКАМ дала 6 результатов, указывающих на вероятную причинно-следственную связь, подкрепляемую трудностями. Отрицательная АНА снизила вероятность аутоиммунного гепатита, хотя неопытный гепатит Е ограничил альтернативную оценку причинно-следственных связей и причинно-следственную определенность.

Унификация модели множественного склероза.

Множественный склероз (MS) представляет собой сложное нейродегенеративное расстройство с неразрешенной причиной, ставшей предметом интенсивных исследований. Для разъяснения курса болезни были предложены различные предлагаемые модели. Первостепенные механизмы, как предполагается, основываются на автоматическом иммунитете, в том числе с помощью вирусного имитации эпитопов, хотя и были описаны трудности с классической моделью автономного иммунитета для MS. Одна предыдущая идея, которая включает в себя рассмотрение вирусной самореактивности, заключается в том, что реактивированный вирус HHV-6A мож

Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella Zoster Virus Infections in Cancer Patients.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) are alpha herpesviruses that establish life-long latent infection in neuronal ganglia after primary infection. Periodic reactivation of these viruses results in recurrent infections that can have significant impact on patients' quality of life. HSV commonly causes oral and genital mucocutaneous infections whereas VZV is responsible for varicella/chickenpox and herpes zoster/shingles, but cancer patients are at particularly higher risk of complications including disseminated and visceral infections due to impaired cell-mediated immunit

Факторы риска, выходящие за рамки воздействия химиотерапии на вторичные миелоидные неоплазмы после рака гематологов: исследование на основе СЭЭУ.

UNLABELLED. По мере того, как показатели выживаемости лимфоидных магнатов продолжают улучшаться, для выживших людей все большее значение приобретает понимание поздних последствий после лечения, таких, как вторичные миелоидные новообразования (SMN). В этом крупномасштабном исследовании населения (SEER-Medicare) были изучены факторы риска и кумулятивная распространенность SMN у пациентов с диагнозом диффузной большой лимфомы B-клеток (DLBCL), фолликулярной лимфомы (FL) и множественной миеломы между 2000 и 2011, с последующими мерами 2015. Пациенты с ПЛ постоянно увеличивают совокупное число НРМ

Emerging predictive biomarkers for novel therapeutics in peripheral T-cell and natural killer/T-cell lymphoma.

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) and natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) are rare subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that are typically associated with poor treatment outcomes. Contemporary first-line treatment strategies generally involve the use of combination chemoimmunotherapy, radiation and/or stem cell transplant. Salvage options incorporate a number of novel agents including epigenetic therapies (e.g. HDAC inhibitors, DNMT inhibitors) as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, validated biomarkers to select patients for individualized precision therapy are presently lacking,

Xanthohumol: Mechanistic Actions and Emerging Evidence as a Multi-Target Natural Nutraceutical.

BACKGROUND: Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated chalcone flavonoid derived from hops (Humulus lupulus), is increasingly recognized as a highly pleiotropic natural compound. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to structure XN's mechanistic hierarchy with emerging translational relevance across disease areas. METHODS: We performed a comprehensive and integrative literature review of XN for its biological and translational effects across cancer, metabolic, neurological, cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, and dermatological disorders. RESULTS: Mechanistically, XN exerts diverse bioactivities by inhibiting major pro-on

The Emerging Role of Oncolytic Virotherapy in Glioblastoma Management.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive and common form of central nervous system primary malignant tumor in adults. GBM accounts for about half of all gliomas. Despite maximal resection, radiotherapy, and temozolomide, median survival is still 12-15 months because of tumor heterogeneity, diffuse infiltration, and therapeutic resistance. Recurrence is nearly universal, underscoring the need for novel therapies. Oncolytic virotherapy demonstrates a promising strategy that combines direct tumor cell lysis with immune activation. Tumor-selective viruses replicate within malignant cells, induce cell d

Ранняя множественная склерозная активность, связанная с TBX21+CD21loCXCR3+B расширение клеток, напоминающее фенотипы, вызванные EBV.

Инфекция вируса Эпштейн-Барр (ЭБВ) предшествует возникновению множественных склерозов (МС) и играет плохо понимаемую этиологическую роль. Для изучения возможного вирусного патогенеза мы проанализировали одноклеточное выражение в периферийных клетках В у людей с ранними MS, собранных в продольном направлении во время испытания сети TAyCIS. Характеристики экспрессии были сопоставлены с одноклеточными RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) из моделей in vitro EBV, аутоиммунные расстройства, хронические инфекционные заболевания и здоровый контроль. Анализы были сосредоточены на атипичных клетках B (ABC) CD19+CD20+CD

Classic Kaposi Sarcoma: Current Treatment Strategies and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches.

Classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) is a rare vascular neoplasm driven by infection with Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and characterized by a heterogeneous geographic distribution. While the etiology of other Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) variants is well established, the underlying mechanisms of CKS appear multifactorial, with several risk factors, among which advanced age and male sex are most significant. Due to the rarity of CKS and its often indolent clinical course, clinical trials are sparse, and current knowledge of therapeutic approaches remains limited. Most available clinical trials

Вероятное метформирование, связанное с эритемой: доклад о деле и практическая ссылка на оценку причинно-следственной связи.

Метформин - это первая линия терапии для типа 2 В целом считается, что сахарный диабет имеет благоприятную характеристику безопасности и терпимости. Несмотря на редкие, резкие негативные реакции на метформин являются разнообразными, при этом особенно редко встречается многоформовая эритема (ЭМ). Мы сообщаем о случае 51-year-old человек, разработавший общие митоидные повреждения кожи с масштабированием и мягким приритом ten через несколько дней после инициирования метроформина (500 мг дважды в день) для вновь поставленного типа 2 диабет. Он также получал аспирин и аторвастатин для острого цереб

Management of Pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia in HIV infected patients: current options, challenges and future directions.

The discovery of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was led by the merge of clustered cases of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia (PCP) in otherwise healthy people in the early 80's.1,2 In the face of sophisticated treatment now available for HIV infection, life expectancy approaches normal limits. It has dramatically changed the natural course of HIV from a nearly fatal infection to a chronic disease.3-5 However, PCP still remains a relatively common presentation of uncontrolled HIV. Despite the knowledge and advances gained in the prevention and management of PCP infection, it continues to

Aurora Kinase A: Integrating Insights into Cancer, Inflammation, and Infectious Diseases.

Aurora kinase A (AURKA) is crucial in regulating cell division and maintaining genomic stability, making it significant in cancer biology. This review explores AURKA's structural and functional roles, emphasizing its involvement in cell cycle progression. Beyond cancer, AURKA emerges as a multifaceted player in host cell modulation, exerting influence over inflammatory responses, cell death mechanisms, and autophagy pathways. Moreover, recent research highlights its involvement in viral and bacterial infections. Numerous viruses, for their replication and assembly, modulate host cell cycle pro

Нарушения сна у пациентов с множественным склерозом.

Множественный склероз (МС), от которого в 2020 году во всем мире пострадало около 2,8 миллиона человек, часто связан с расстройствами сна. Эти нарушения могут быть вызваны самим заболеванием, таким, как боль или побочные эффекты симптоматического и иммунологического лечения. МЕТОДЫ: Настоящее исследование представляет собой межсекторальное аналитическое исследование. Обследованное население состоит из пациентов с НР, проживающих в городе Кашан. Расследуемый размер выборки состоит из 174 пациентов с диагнозом MS. Эта информация была собрана с помощью демографических информационных вопросников,

MicroRNA changes with macro potential contribute to secondary immunodeficiency in chronic lymphocytic leukemia during epstein barr virus reactivation.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by immune dysfunctions driven by miRNA deregulation and the activation of immune checkpoint pathways, which contribute to disease progression and secondary immunodeficiency (SID). This study examines the interplay between miRNA expression profiles, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation, and immune checkpoint pathways in the context of small intestine disease (SID) development in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Patients were stratified into groups based on the presence of SID and EBV reactivation. Comprehensive analyses included miRNA prof

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Forte E Luftig MA The role of MicroRNAs in Epstein-Barr virus latency and lytic reactivation Microbes Infect. 2011 13 1156 1167 10.1016/j.micinf.2011.07.007 21835261 PMC4911174 Forte, E. & Luftig, M. A. The role of MicroRNAs in Epstein-Barr virus latency and lytic reactivation. …

An Unusual Case of Extracavitary/Solid Variant Primary Effusion Lymphoma With Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare, aggressive large B-cell lymphoma variant that is invariably associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8), predominantly in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, and its oncogenicity is often augmented by coinfection with Epstein-Barr virus. It typically presents as a serous effusion in body cavities without detectable solid tumors. The extracavitary variant of PEL may represent a diagnostic challenge. A 37-year-old man with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was transferred to our hospital for evaluation of a mediastinal mass