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Grey-to-white matter ratio on computed tomography for predicting neurological outcome in patients with heat stroke: a retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: Grey-to-white matter ratio (GWR) is an early and sensitive indicator of cerebral oedema in patients with hypoxic-ischaemic brain … ferent regions (basal ganglia, centrum semiovale, high convexity): putamen/corpus callosum (PU/CC), caudate nucleus/posterior limb of internal capsule (CN/PLIC), CN/CC, PU/PLIC, GWRbasal ganglia, GWRcerebrum, and GWRaverage. Prognostic performance of GWR was compared with qSOFA using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. And a validation cohort was us …

Быстрая целая релаксометрия мозга с магнитным резонансом spin Tomegraphy в часовом режиме (MR-STAT) на 3 Т: ретроспективное когортное исследование.

ЦЕЛЬ: Доложить значения Т1/Т2 в нормальных и выдающихся тканях мозга (NBT, здоровые добровольцы; NABTs, пациенты), приобретенных с помощью 5-минутного магнитно-резонансного томографиального протокола во времени (MR-STAT), и изучить релаксометрическое поведение у опухоли мозга и у пациента с множественным склерозом. МЕТОДЫ: MR-STAT был приобретен у 49 участников (39 пациентов с неврологическими патологиями, возрастный диапазон: 21-79 лет) при 3 Т. Средние значения Т1/Т2 были рассчитаны для: обычного и обычного серого вещества (NGM/NAGM)/белого вещества (NMM/NAWM)/таламуса/путамена/каустеного яд

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVE: To report T1/T2-values of normal and normal appearing brain tissues (NBTs, healthy volunteers; NABTs, patients) acquired with a w … ed for: normal and normal appearing grey matter (NGM/NAGM)/white matter (NWM/NAWM)/thalamus/putamen/caudate nucleus (CN)/globus pallidus (GP). Differences between sex, brain lobes, and left/right were assessed. The age-dependency of T1/T2-values in N(A)BTs was investigated. Relaxometry analysis was performed in two clinical case examples. RESULTS: Mean (standard …

Region-specific interobserver agreement of the Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score: A meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) is a widely used scoring system for evaluating ischemic stroke t … ups (κ = .74, 95% CI: .59-.89, and ICC = .82, 95% CI: .79-.85). Per-region analysis showed that the caudate nucleus had the highest agreement (κ = .68, 95% CI: .60-.76, and ICC = .84, 95% CI: .74-.93), while M2 and internal capsule in Kappa studies (κ = .45, 95% CI: .34-.55 and κ = .47, 95% CI: .28-.66), and M4 and internal capsule in ICC studies (ICC = .54, 95% …

Pretreated MSCs with IronQ Transplantation Attenuate Microglia Neuroinflammation via the cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway.

BACKGROUND: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a devastating form of stroke, is characterized by elevated morbidity and mortality rates. Neuroi … s. METHODS: The ICH mice were induced by injecting the collagenase I solution into the right brain caudate nucleus. After 24 hours, the ICH mice were randomly divided into four subgroups, the model group (Model), quercetin group (Quercetin), MSCs group (MSCs), and pretreated MSCs with IronQ group (MSCs+IronQ). Neurological deficits were re-evaluated on day 3, an …

Cognitive and motor impulsivity in the healthy brain, and implications for eating disorders and obesity: A coordinate-based meta-analysis and systematic review.

Alterations in the impulse-control balance, and in its neural bases, have been reported in obesity and eating disorders (EDs). Neuroimaging … etal activations. Conjunction and subtraction analyses showed: i) common bilateral responses in the caudate nucleus; ii) DD-specific responses in the ventral striatum, anterior/posterior cingulate cortex, left supramarginal and medial frontal gyri; iii) GNG-specific activations in the right inferior parietal cortex. Altered fronto-lateral responses to both tasks …

Cortical Lewy body injections induce long-distance pathogenic alterations in the non-human primate brain.

Aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) is the cornerstone of neurodegenerative diseases termed synucleinopathies, which include Parkinson's Dise … n. The pathology was also accompanied by neuronal loss in these prefrontal cortical regions and the caudate nucleus, without, however, loss of nigral dopamine neurons. In conclusion, this pilot study provides novel data demonstrating the toxicity of patient-derived extracts, their potential to propagate from the cortex to the striatum in non-human primates, and a …

A multimodal meta-analysis of regional functional and structural brain abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Numerous neuroimaging studies of resting-state functional imaging and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) have revealed abnormalities in specific … sed spontaneous functional activity in the bilateral paracentral lobule, bilateral cerebellum, left caudate nucleus, left inferior parietal gyri, and right precuneus cortex. For the VBM meta-analysis, patients with OCD displayed increased GMV in the bilateral thalamus (extending to the bilateral cerebellum), right striatum, and decreased GMV in the bilateral mPFC …

Brain morphometric changes in fibromyalgia and the impact of psychometric and clinical factors: a volumetric and diffusion-tensor imaging study.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have repeatedly found distinct brain morphometric changes in patients with fibromyalgia (FM), mainly affecting … us (MTG), parahippocampal gyrus, left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), right putamen, right caudate nucleus, and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) showed significantly decreased GM volumes. In contrast, increased GM volume was observed in bilateral cerebellum and left thalamus. Beyond that, patients displayed microstructural changes of WM connec …

Association of Predicted Expression and Multimodel Association Analysis of Substance Abuse Traits.

INTRODUCTION: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have played a critical role in identifying many thousands of loci associated with complex phenotypes and diseases. This has led to several translations of novel disease susceptibility genes into drug targets and care. This however has not been the case for analyses where sample sizes are small, which suffer from multiple comparisons testing. The present study examined the statistical impact of combining a burden test methodology, PrediXcan, with a multimodel meta-analysis, cross phenotype association (CPASSOC). METHODS: The analysis was con

HPA Axis Responsiveness Associates with Central Serotonin Transporter Availability in Human Obesity and Non-Obesity Controls.

BACKGROUND: Alterations of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity and serotonergic signaling are implicated in the pathogenesis … f ACTH curve parameters with overall 5-HTT BPND (ACTHAUC: r = 0.39, p = 0.04) and 5-HTT BPND of the caudate nucleus (ACTHAUC: r = 0.54, p = 0.003). In NO, cortisol indicators correlated significantly with BPND in the hippocampus (cortisolAUC: r = 0.59, p = 0.04). In OB, BAS reward was inversely associated with the ACTHAUC (r = -0.49, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: The …

Neurobiological outcomes of cognitive behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent distressing thoughts and repetitive behaviors, or mental rituals performed to reduce anxiety. Recent neurobiological techniques have been particularly convincing in suggesting that cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortico (CSTC) circuits, including orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and striatum regions (caudate nucleus and putamen), are responsible for mediation of OCD symptoms. However, it is still unclear how these regions are affected by OCD treatments in adult patients. To address this yet open question, we conducted a syste…

Brain effect of bariatric surgery in people with obesity.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The link between obesity and brain function is a fascinating but still an enigmatic topic. We evaluated the effect of … slight improvement. A positive correlation was found between CMRg change and HOMA-IR change in the caudate nucleus (ρ = 0.65, p = 0.01). Fasting leptin decreased (from 80.4 ± 13.0 to 16.1 ± 2.4 ng/dl; p = 0.001) and correlated with CMRg change in the hippocampus (ρ = 0.50; p = 0.008). CMRg change was correlated with cognitive scores changes on the TMT and TT (al …

In vivo human molecular neuroimaging of dopaminergic vulnerability along the Alzheimer's disease phases.

BACKGROUND: Preclinical and pathology evidence suggests an involvement of brain dopamine (DA) circuitry in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We in v … gulate gyrus, in patients with dementia only. Within the nigrostriatal projections, only the dorsal caudate nucleus showed reduced [123I]FP-CIT binding, in both groups. Molecular connectivity assessment revealed a widespread loss of inter-connections among subcortical and cortical targets of the mesocorticolimbic network only (poor overlap with the control group …

Intrasubject relationship between striatal 18F-FP-CIT uptake and cardiac 123I-MIBG uptake differs by motor subtype in early Parkinson disease.

Parkinson disease (PD) is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder. Dopamine transporter imaging using 123I-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)-N-(3-fluoropropyl)-nortropane (FP-CIT) and noradrenergic cardiac imaging using 123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) have been used in combination or separately to study PD patients. Published results regarding uptake of the 2 tracers in each motor subtype are fairly abundant and mostly in agreement. However, data on the intrasubject association between dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems in PD patients are relatively scant and vary. We aimed to asse

Associations of Serum Liver Function Markers With Brain Structure, Function, and Perfusion in Healthy Young Adults.

Background: Previous neuroimaging studies have demonstrated brain abnormalities in patients with hepatic diseases. However, the identified l … middle cingulate gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, and supramarginal gyrus and decreased ReHo in the caudate nucleus. Third, serum alanine transaminase (ALT) was related to brain perfusion characterized by higher ALT associated with increased CBF in the superior frontal gyrus and decreased CBF in the middle occipital gyrus, angular gyrus, precuneus, and middle tem …

Brain neurochemistry in unmedicated obsessive-compulsive disorder patients and effects of 12-week escitalopram treatment: 1 H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to examine treatment-related neurochemical changes in 28 unmedicated obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) … s and a significant reduction in tCho and Glx after treatment in OCD subjects. The mI levels in the caudate nucleus and Glx levels in the anterior cingulate cortex were significantly correlated with disease severity on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. CONCLUSION: Our study supports the hypothesis of a hyper-glutaminergic state (as suggested by increase …

Frontal and subcortical contribution to visual hallucinations in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease.

Objectives: Visual hallucinations (VH) are common in Lewy body disease (LBD), and have been associated with cognitive and structural brain a … revealed decreased GM volume in DLB with VH in the right superior and medial frontal gyri, putamen, caudate nucleus and insula. Subcortical regional volumes were also significantly associated with visual attention performance. Hallucinating PD patients, instead, presented more severe executive dysfunction, but VBM showed no volumetric differences between the two …

Automatically Identified Micro-scale Sharp-wave Transients in the Early-Latent Phase of Hypoxic-Ischemic EEG from Preterm Fetal Sheep Reveal Timing Relationship to Subcortical Neuronal Survival.

Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemia Encephalopathy (HIE) in newborn infants, due to birth-related circumstances such as oxygen deprivation in brain c … ted preterm fetal sheep, statistically correlate to the amount of NeuN-positive neurons measured in caudate nucleus of striatum. Different temporal window sizes of 2hrs, 1hr, ½hr and 10mins within the early phase of the latent phase are examined using our developed Wavelet Type-2 Fuzzy classifier for sharp detection. Analyses were narrowed down to 10min intervals …

Structural and functional quantitative susceptibility mapping from standard fMRI studies.

Standard functional MRI (fMRI), which includes resting-state or paradigm-driven designs, is widely used in studies of brain function, aging, and disease. These fMRI studies typically use two-dimensional gradient echo-planar imaging, which inherently contains phase data that enables quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). This work focuses on the dual value of QSM within fMRI studies, by providing both a localized analysis of functional changes in activated tissue, and iron-sensitive structural maps in deep grey matter (DGM). Using a visual paradigm fMRI study on healthy volunteers at clinic

Minimal change multiple system atrophy: an aggressive variant?

BACKGROUND: Glial cytoplasmic inclusions containing α-synuclein are the pathological hallmark of multiple system atrophy (MSA). Minimal change (MC-MSA) is an unusual MSA subtype with neuronal loss largely restricted to the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry on selected brain regions and semiquantitative assessment were performed on six MC-MSA and eight MSA control cases. RESULTS: More neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions were seen in the caudate and substantia nigra in MC-MSA than in MSA controls (P = 0.002), without any statistical difference in glial cytoplasmic