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State of oral mucosa as an additional symptom in the course of primary amyloidosis and multiple myeloma disease.

Multiple myeloma (myeloma multiplex (MM)) is a malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma derived from B cell. Its essence is a malignant clone of plasma cells synthesizing growth of monoclonal immunoglobulin, which infiltrate the bone marrow, destroy the bone structure, and prevent the proper production of blood cells components. The paper presents a case of 62-year-old patient who developed symptoms in addition to neurological and haematological changes in the oral mucosa in the course of multiple myeloma. The treatment resulted in partial improvement. The authors wish to draw attention not only to no

Long-Term Health Effects of Curative Therapies on Heart, Lungs, and Kidneys for Individuals with Sickle Cell Disease Compared to Those with Hematologic Malignancies.

The goal of curing children and adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) is to maximize benefits and minimize intermediate and long-term adverse outcomes so that individuals can live an average life span with a high quality of life. While greater than 2000 individuals with SCD have been treated with curative therapy, systematic studies have not been performed to evaluate the long-term health effects of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) in this population. Individuals with SCD suffer progressive heart, lung, and kidney disease prior to curative therapy. In adults, these sequalae are associ

Work Outcomes Among Patients with Light Chain (AL) Amyloidosis: Findings from Three Patient Cohorts.

BackgroundLight chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare and progressive disease that affects myriad organs and systems. Patients with cardiac involvement have the highest risk of death. This report compiles findings across three cohorts of patients with AL amyloidosis to understand patterns of employment and work impacts.MethodsData came from three cohorts recruited through patient advocacy organizations in the US. Patients in Cohort 1 completed the SF-36v2® Health Survey (SF-36v2), the Work Productivity and Activity Impairments - Specific Health Problem (WPAI) questionnaire, and the 12-item Kansas C

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… Though absenteeism was less common, the proportion of patients who reported work absences over the 7-day period (30.6%) exceeded that reported by patients with other chronic diseases, such as relapsing multiple sclerosis (14%) 16 and rheumatoid arthritis (19%). 17 Work-related impacts were particularly … Work productivity in relapsing multiple sclerosis: associations with disability, depression, fatigue, anxiety, cognition, and health-related quality of life . Value Health . 2012 ; 15 ( 8 ): 1029 – 1035 . doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2012.07.010 23244804 17. Bansback N , Zhang W , Walsh D , et al. …

The neurotoxic legacy of CAR-T cells: where do we stand?

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has transformed outcomes for relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies and is increasingly reshaping the therapeutic landscape of autoimmune disorders and solid tumors, offering curative potential where options were previously limited. Its broader deployment is, however, constrained by immune-mediated toxicities, chiefly cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). ICANS spans a heterogeneous spectrum from mild aphasia and tremor to seizures, cerebral edema, coma, and death, and remains diffic

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… sclerosis, or to simulate the impact of different L-DOPA doses on brain activities in Parkinson’s disease. 85 – 88 These methods share a common principle: a mechanistic model of physiological interactions (often expressed as differential equations) whose parameters are personalized using patient data … The virtual multiple sclerosis patient. iScience 2024; 27(7): 110101. 87. Mazzara C, Ziaeemehr A, Troisi Lopez E, et al. Mapping brain lesions to conduction delays: the next step for personalized brain models in multiple sclerosis. Hum Brain Mapp 2025; 46(7): e70219. 88. …

Менделийский анализ случайности не подтверждает причинно-следственного воздействия липопротеинов (А) и иммунопосредованных подстрекательских заболеваний.

Результаты наблюдений свидетельствуют о наличии связи между липопротеином(a) (Lp(a)) и эпидемическими эпидемическими заболеваниями (IMID). Для изучения причинно-следственной связи между липопротеином (a) [Lp(a)] и иммунизированными подстрекательскими заболеваниями (IMID) в этом исследовании использовались менделианские методы рандомизации (MR) и многовариантные MR (MVMR). Мы провели двухнаправленный анализ менделизации с использованием двух выборок на основе общих исследований генома (GWAS) сводные статистические данные по Lp(a) и девяти IMID, в частности по заболеваниям селияка (CeD), болезни

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Observational studies have reported an association between lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). This st … iac disease (CeD), Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), multiple sclerosis (MS), psoriasis (Pso), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), type 1 diabetes (T1D), and summary-level data for lipid traits. Furthermore, we performed MVMR to examine the independence of relationship between Lp(a) and IMIDs …

Alternative management of Covid-19 infection.

Cytokine storm is a life-threatening complication of Covid-19 infection. Excessive cytokines are the products of hyperactive immune inflammatory response mounted by the host against the virus. There is no agreed treatment for cytokine storm. Three therapeutic agents with proven immune-modulatory properties in regular use in a wide range of inflammatory disorders (high dose intravenous immunoglobulin, Rituximab and thalidomide) are proposed for the treatment of cytokine storm. Safety and efficacy of the proposed treatment should be assessed by randomised controlled clinical trials. The use of t

Постконтактная сацептируемость, взвешенная в множестве склерозов MRI, улучшает обнаружение усиленных лизионов.

ЦЕЛИ: МРТ имеет важное значение для мониторинга множественного склероза (МС). Скриншот T1 (T1WI+C), взвешенный по противомоскитному методу, обнаруживает активные провокационные повреждения, указывающие на разрыв кровеносного барьера, и имеет значение для мониторинга и оптимизации лечения заболеваний. В протокол визуализации для обнаружения специфических свойств MS, таких, как наличие центральных вен или парамагнитных повреждений обода, может быть включена визуальная съемка (SWI). Однако постконтактная SWI (SWI+C) имеет свойственный ей эффект "T1 блеска", который позволяет визуализировать повре

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OBJECTIVES: MRI is essential for monitoring multiple sclerosis (MS). Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (T1WI+C) detects active inflammatory lesions indicating blood-brain barrier breakdown and is relevant for disease monitoring and treatment optimization. Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) may be included in the imaging protocol for detecting MS-speci…

The sirtuin family in health and disease.

Sirtuins (SIRTs) are nicotine adenine dinucleotide(+)-dependent histone deacetylases regulating critical signaling pathways in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and are involved in numerous biological processes. Currently, seven mammalian homologs of yeast Sir2 named SIRT1 to SIRT7 have been identified. Increasing evidence has suggested the vital roles of seven members of the SIRT family in health and disease conditions. Notably, this protein family plays a variety of important roles in cellular biology such as inflammation, metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, etc., thus, it is considered a

New Insights Into the Role of Neutrophils in Lymphoma.

Under physiological conditions, neutrophils exhibit remarkable tissue surveillance capabilities, infiltrating interstitial spaces within secondary lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes and spleen, and even actively patrolling nodal tissues. These observations provide groundbreaking insight into the functional heterogeneity of neutrophils while offering new perspectives on the tumor microenvironment (TME) in lymphomas. A critical question arises: what roles might these specialized, lymphoid tissue-resident neutrophils play in lymphomagenesis through their unique phenotypic and functional adaptati

Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide: 30 Years in Research Spotlight and 600 Million Years in Service.

Emerging from the depths of evolution, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its receptors (i.e., PAC1, VPAC1, VPAC2) are present in multicellular organisms from Tunicates to humans and govern a remarkable number of physiological processes. Consequently, the clinical relevance of PACAP systems spans a multifaceted palette that includes more than 40 disorders. We aimed to present the versatility of PACAP1-38 actions with a focus on three aspects: (1) when PACAP1-38 could be a cause of a malfunction, (2) when PACAP1-38 could be the cure for a malfunction, and (3) when PA

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… By preventing T-helper1 cell differentiation and suppression of inflammatory interleukin production, PACAP1-38 treatment resulted in an improvement of multiple sclerosis symptoms [ 115 ]. … In PACAP knockout mice, airway lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis, and multiple sclerosis were all markedly aggravated [ 117 ]. …

Checking NEKs: Overcoming a Bottleneck in Human Diseases.

In previous years, several kinases, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), have been linked to important human diseases, although some kinase families remain neglected in terms of research, hiding their relevance to therapeutic approaches. Here, a review regarding the NEK family is presented, shedding light on important information related to NEKs and human diseases. NEKs are a large group of homologous kinases with related functions and structures that participate in several cellular processes such as th

Overview of Ankle Arthropathy in Hereditary Hemochromatosis.

Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is an autosomal recessive bleeding disorder characterized by tissue overload of iron. Clinical systemic manifestations in HH include liver disease, cardiomyopathy, skin pigmentation, diabetes mellitus, erectile dysfunction, hypothyroidism, and arthropathy. Arthropathy with joint pain is frequently reported at diagnosis and mainly involves the metacarpophalangeal and ankle joints, and more rarely, the hip and knee. Symptoms in ankle joints are in most cases non-specific, and they can range from pain and swelling of the ankle to deformities and joint destruction.

Comparative Analysis of Aging-related Metabolic and Biological Markers between Cancer Survivors and Healthy Populations: A Systematic Review.

Cancer survivors may exhibit biological and metabolic changes linked to both cancer and its treatment. This systematic review aimed to compare metabolic and biological aging-related biomarkers between cancer survivors and healthy individuals. The primary electronic databases utilized to search papers from 2019 to 2024 were PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Boolean operators were combined with specific keywords and MESH terms in searching the articles. After excluding protocol papers, studies with incorrect designs or populations, and animal studies, 27 articles were selected for data extract

Programmed Cell Death in Health and Disease.

Programmed cell death is a conserved evolutionary process of cell suicide that is central to the development and integrity of eukaryotic organisms [...].

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… Fingolimod phosphate, a drug with antioxidant properties used to treat multiple sclerosis, promoted glycolysis and the pentose phosphate cycle, and it exerted a beneficial effect on the menadione-induced oxidative damage by improving mitochondrial activity and restoring oxidative balance in the neuronal …

Subcutaneous Administration of Biotherapeutics: An Overview of Current Challenges and Opportunities.

Subcutaneous delivery of biotherapeutics has become a valuable alternative to intravenous administration across many disease areas. Although … itis (RA), immunoglobulin-replacement therapy in primary immunodeficiency (PI), beta interferons in multiple sclerosis (MS), and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in oncology. While most subcutaneous biotherapeutics in RA, PI, and MS are self-administered at home, mAbs for oncology are still only approved for administration in a healthcare setting. Beside concerns around …

Обнаружение новых листьев с использованием большой языковой модели: прикладные программы в массивах данных с множественным склерозом в реальном мире.

ЦЕЛЬ: Нейроимация обычно используется для выявления новых видов подстрекательской деятельности при множественном склерозе (МС). Крупная языковая модель классификации описей магнитного резонанса в электронной медицинской записи (ЭПЧ) в качестве дискретных данных может принести значительные выгоды для исследований в области НР. Цели нынешнего исследования заключались в разработке такой оперативной иллюстрации его исследовательской деятельности на основе общего клинического сценария: мониторинг реакции на разрушающую клетки B (BCDT). МЕТОДЫ: Институциональная экосистема, которая надежно увязывает

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OBJECTIVE: Neuroimaging is routinely utilized to identify new inflammatory activity in multiple sclerosis (MS). A large language model to classify narrative magnetic resonance imaging reports in the electronic health record (EHR) as discrete data could provide significant benefits for MS research. The objectives of the current study were to develop such a pr…

Свойства антиракера ВИЧ-ингибатора Нелфинавира.

Традиционные методы лечения рака могут потерять свою эффективность после появления новых мутации или развития химиотерапии. Несвоевременная диагностика, высокая стоимость лечения и потребность в высокоэффективной инфраструктуре для лечения раковых заболеваний затрудняют доступ к надлежащему лечению в условиях с низким уровнем доходов и ограниченными ресурсами. Переориентация утвержденных лекарственных средств на лечение рака может привести к снижению стоимости и сокращению сроков разработки новых лекарственных средств и к ускорению появления новых и эффективных вариантов лечения для нуждающихс

Нацеливание SMOX сохраняет оптический нерв Myelin, аксонская целостность и визуальные функции в мультиклерозе.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое неврологическое состояние, затрагивающее молодых людей. Воспаление, обезвоживание и повреждение аксона являются ключевыми патологическими особенностями MS и его животной модели, экспериментального аутоиммунного энцефаломиелита (EAE). Наша предыдущая работа показала, что ингибирование сперматозоидной оксиды (SMOX) MDL72527, селективный необратимый фармакологический ингибитор, значительно сокращенные клинические симптомы, потеря клеток сетчатки (RGC) и воспаление зрительного нерва в мышах EAE. В настоящем исследовании изучался более широкий терапевтически

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a highly disabling chronic neurological condition affecting young adults. Inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage are key pathological features of MS and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Our previous work demonstrated that inhibiting spermine oxidase (SMOX) with MDL72527, a selective irrever…

A year in pharmacology: new drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2021.

The second year of the COVID-19 pandemic had no adverse effect on the number of new drug approvals by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Quite the contrary, with a total of 50 new drugs, 2021 belongs to the most successful FDA years. We assign these new drugs to one of three levels of innovation: (1) first drug against a condition ("first-in-indication"), (2) first drug using a novel molecular mechanism ("first-in-class"), and (3) "next-in-class", i.e., a drug using an already exploited molecular mechanism. We identify 21 first-in-class, 28 next-in-class, and only one first-in-indicati

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… Ponesimod compared with teriflunomide in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis in the active-comparator phase 3 OPTIMUM study: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Neurol. 2021;78:558–567. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.0405. Kayki-Mutlu G, Michel MC. … Ozanimod for treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:589146. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.589146. …

Temsirolimus in the treatment of relapsed and/or refractory mantle cell lymphoma.

Patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) have a poor prognosis; consequently, new therapeutic approaches, such as rapamycin and its derivates, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, are warranted. Temsirolimus (also known as CCI-779), a dihydroester of rapamycin, in MCL cell lines inhibited mTOR, downregulated p21 and v-Raf, and induced autophagy. The first clinical trial in MCL patients was performed using 250 mg of temsirolimus weekly for 6-12 cycles. The overall response rate was 38%; the median time to progression was 6.5 months, median overall survival was 12 months, and the med