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Law enforcement-derived data on gabapentin diversion and misuse, 2002-2015: diversion rates and qualitative research findings.

PURPOSE: Recent limited epidemiologic and case reports suggest that gabapentin is being misused, especially among prescription opioid misusers. However, no apparent studies have reported data from law enforcement on the diversion and misuse of gabapentin. METHODS: Case report data are drawn from a quarterly survey of prescription drug diversion completed by a national sample of law enforcement and regulatory agencies who engage in drug diversion investigations. Rates of gabapentin diversion per 100 000 population were calculated for each quarter from 2002 through 2015. Qualitative data are dr

Qualitative Research to Design Sustainable Community-Based Surveillance for Rabies in Northern Australia and Papua New Guinea.

Given the proximity and recent spread of rabies in Indonesia, effective rabies surveillance in dogs is a priority in Northern Australia and Papua New Guinea (PNG). Reporting of potential cases requires community engagement; therefore, the value and acceptability of such a system is critical to ensure sustainable surveillance. We used qualitative research methods to identify factors that influence the acceptability and value of community-based rabies surveillance. Thirty-two semi-structured interviews were conducted with informants in 16 communities in East Arnhem, the Northern Peninsula Area, …

Assessing Asthma Symptoms in Adolescents and Adults: Qualitative Research Supporting Development of the Asthma Daily Symptom Diary.

BACKGROUND: Despite the widespread availability of patient-reported asthma questionnaires, instruments developed in accordance with present regulatory expectations are lacking. To address this gap, the Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) Consortium's Asthma Working Group has developed a patient-reported asthma daily symptom diary (ADSD) for use in clinical research to assess outcomes and support medical product labeling claims in adults and adolescents with asthma. OBJECTIVES: To summarize the qualitative research conducted to inform the initial development of the ADSD and to provide evidence for …

Do March-In Rights Ensure Access to Medical Products Arising From Federally Funded Research? A Qualitative Study.

CONTEXT: The high cost of new prescription drugs and other medical products is a growing health policy issue. Many of the most transformative drugs and vaccines had their origins in public-sector funding to nonprofit research institutions. Although the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 provides for "march-in rights" through which the government can invoke some degree of control over the patents protecting products developed from public funding to ensure public access to these medications, the applicability of this provision to current policy options is not clear. METHODS: We conducted a primary-source do

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to uterotonic drugs during childbirth in Karnataka, India: a qualitative research study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: India has the highest annual number of maternal deaths of any country. As obstetric hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death in India, numerous efforts are under way to promote access to skilled attendance at birth and emergency obstetric care. Current initiatives also seek to increase access to active management of the third stage of labor for postpartum hemorrhage prevention, particularly through administration of an uterotonic after delivery. However, prior research suggests widespread inappropriate use of uterotonics at facilities and in communities-for

Caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease: a qualitative study from the Indian 10/66 Dementia Research Network.

BACKGROUND: Dementia is a rapidly growing problem in all parts of the developing world. Such societies are characterised by low levels of awareness regarding dementia as a chronic degenerative brain syndrome, and by an absence of supportive health and welfare services. There is reliance upon families as the cornerstone of support and care. However, surprisingly little is known of the care arrangements for people with dementia and the strain experienced by their family caregivers. METHOD: In a qualitative study of 17 caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease identified through an innovativ

Challenges and enablers for scaling up interventions targeting non-communicable diseases: a qualitative study applying the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to 19 research projects worldwide.

INTRODUCTION: Scaling up interventions targeting non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is a global health priority, and implementation research can contribute to that effort. In 2019, the Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases funded 27 implementation research studies to improve evidence for scaling up interventions targeting prevention and/or control of hypertension and/or diabetes in low-resource settings. We examined these studies to improve the understanding of the implementation factors, including challenges and facilitators, that influence the early implementation phase of scale-up research pro

New directions from the COMPASS study: A qualitative review of participation and communication in rural kidney health research.

BACKGROUND: The Community Based Study of the Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease in Cuba New Mexico and Surrounding Areas (COMPASS) was designed to screen for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and discover novel related biomarkers in rural New Mexico. As part of this study, we qualitatively explored participants’ opinions and motivations about CKD research participation, their health priorities and best practices for delivering lab results. METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive qualitative study was part of a larger longitudinal, epidemiological community-engaged mixed methods project. In CO

Involving People With Dementia in Research: Contributions, Barriers and Evaluation From a Meta-Synthesis and Qualitative Interview Study.

BACKGROUND: Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement (PPIE) can enhance the relevance, acceptability and quality of research; however, its meaningful implementation in dementia research remains insufficiently understood. AIM: (1) To identify methodological procedures for involving people with dementia (PwD) across the research lifecycle, and (2) to explore how members of a dementia PPIE group experience collaboration, contribution, and evaluation of their involvement. METHODS: This mono-method, multi-strand qualitative study combined (1) a meta-synthesis of qualitative primary studies r

The Integration of a Diplomacy Lab in a Registered Nurse to Bachelor of Science in Nursing Research and Informatics Course: A Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Nursing education requires innovative models to prepare practice-ready nurses with global health competencies and real-world research experience. This qualitative descriptive study examined the implementation and outcomes of integrating a U.S. Department of State Diplomacy Lab project on artificial intelligence (AI) applications in global HIV care into a Registered Nurse to Bachelor of Science in Nursing (RN-BSN) Research and Informatics course. METHOD: Content analysis was conducted on de-identified student assignments from 55 RN-BSN students across three course sections, includi

"It's Like Disrupting Internally:" a Qualitative Study of Opportunities and Limitations to Promote Diversity in Participant Recruitment in Health Research.

Despite bearing a disproportionate burden from poor health outcomes, members of racial and ethnic groups who experience health disparities are consistently underrepresented in health research. While many have sought to understand this problem by focusing on community mistrust of science, there is increasing recognition that research teams' attitudes and practices contribute to the lack of diversity in research participation in multiple ways. In this study, we explored the experiences of research team members as they attempted to implement practice changes to increase the recruitment of underre

Barriers and promoters to adapting research findings to clinical care in hereditary angioedema in the United States: A qualitative study.

Treatment options for hereditary angioedema (HAE) have evolved due to discoveries in basic and clinical research. HAE clinical guidelines emphasize optimizing quality of life through attack prevention strategies that include long-term prophylaxis. We sought to identify barriers to and promoters of research translation into HAE clinical practice that may inform efforts to improve patient care. We interviewed US allergy/immunology clinicians who completed an online continuing medical education activity on HAE or were identified through healthcare provider directories. Interviews focused on clini

Protocol for research examination of individual suicides occurring in chronic pain: A qualitative approach to psychological autopsy methodology.

INTRODUCTION: In the United States, taper and discontinuation of opioids prescribed for long-term pain have emerged as statistical correlates of suicidal events. Suicide is a complex and multidetermined event reflecting a combination of risks occurring over time in a particular narrative context. Prevention of suicides should be informed by a detailed understanding of life events, pain-related and other risk factors contributing to these tragedies. To date, there have been no efforts to qualitatively profile these suicides through interview of bereaved survivors or review of medical records. T

Conduct of cancer clinical trials: a qualitative study reporting views of patients, caregivers, public and clinical researchers.

BACKGROUND: The rising cancer burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) has been accompanied by an increase in clinical trials. However, there is a paucity of research from LMICs on patient preferences for trial participation. METHODS: We undertook a cross-sectional qualitative study using in-depth interviewing to explore the views of Indian cancer patients (n = 11), caregivers(n = 10) and public (n = 10), regarding clinical trials. Clinical researchers (n = 10) were also interviewed. Data were analysed using the framework of qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Five themes were i

Patient and Healthcare Professional Reflections on Consenting for Extra Bone Marrow Samples to a Biobank for Research-A Qualitative Study.

Little is known about patient perspectives regarding consent for obtaining extra research-specific bone marrow (BM) samples during the diagnostic procedure for acute leukemia (AL). This study aimed to better understand patient experiences with consenting to provide these samples and identify potential areas for practice improvement. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients treated for AL, 4-6 years prior to the interviews, and healthcare professionals involved with obtaining patient consent and sample collection. A total of 17 patients (14 agreed to provide a sample and 3 did no

Что важнее всего для людей, живущих с эпилепсией? Быстрое рассмотрение качественных исследований, касающихся результатов в области здравоохранения.

В настоящее время результаты, измеряемые и сообщаемые в ходе клинических испытаний для взрослых с эпилепсией, являются разнородными и зачастую не отбирались в консультации с лицами, живущими с эпилепсией. В рамках более широкого проекта по разработке базового набора результатов клинических испытаний для взрослых с эпилепсией (проект ЭПСЕТ) был проведен быстрый обзор опубликованной качественной литературы. В целях выявления исследований, в которых обсуждаются мнения взрослых с эпилепсией и их представителей, был проведен поиск с использованием установленного качественного методологического филь

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… Primary qualitative research can be extremely resource‐intensive, particularly when considering training of a study team in qualitative research theories and methodology, undertaking patient interviews, transcribing the audio, and interpreting the data. … Risk of bias and quality appraisals for individual studies were not performed, as it was anticipated that a broad range of qualitative research methodologies would be used in the included studies, and quality assessment in qualitative research remains controversial. 27 Review registration This review …

Increasing the meaningful involvement of women in HIV cure-related research: a qualitative interview study in the United States.

BACKGROUND: Cisgender women represent over half of people living with HIV globally. However, current research efforts toward a cure for HIV focus predominantly on cisgender men. The under-representation of women in HIV cure clinical studies is particularly problematic given data suggesting that sex-dependent phenotypes limit scientific discovery. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to generate considerations to increase the meaningful involvement of women in HIV cure-related research. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted in-depth interviews with biomedical researchers and community members to better understa

The challenges and potential solutions of achieving meaningful consent amongst research participants in northern Thailand: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Achieving meaningful consent can be challenging, particularly in contexts of diminished literacy, yet is a vital part of participant protection in global health research. METHOD: We explored the challenges and potential solutions of achieving meaningful consent through a qualitative study in a predominantly hill tribe ethnic minority population in northern Thailand, a culturally distinctive population with low literacy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 37 respondents who had participated in scrub typhus clinical research, their family members, researchers and other k

"Weaving a Mat That We Can All Sit On": Qualitative Research Approaches for Productive Dialogue in the Intercultural Space.

Research remains a site of struggle for First Nations peoples globally. Biomedical research often reinforces existing power structures, perpetuating ongoing colonisation by dominating research priorities, resource allocation, policies, and services. Addressing systemic health inequities requires decolonising methodologies to facilitate new understandings and approaches. These methodologies promote a creative tension and productive intercultural dialogue between First Nations and Western epistemologies. Concurrently, the potential of critical theory, social science, and community participatory

[Clinical research progress and implications of therapeutic vaccines for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions: a qualitative systematic review].

Objective: To systematically summarize and analyze the clinical research progress of therapeutic vaccines for cervical cancer or precancerous lesions. Methods: English databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Proquest, and ClinicalTrails.gov) and Chinese databases (SinoMed, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP Database) were systematically searched to collect literature on therapeutic vaccines for cervical cancer or precancerous lesions from inception to February 18, 2021. After screening, we evaluated the risk of bias of included studies, and combed the basic information of the literatu