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Stage-specific biomarkers in triple-negative breast cancer: Preliminary findings from bioinformatics approaches.

BackgroundIntegrated bioinformatics approaches were used to identify stage-specific candidate genes and potential drug targets in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).MethodsMicroarray (164 early-stage, 33 advanced-stage, and 53 normal samples) and RNA-seq (113 normal, 163 early-stage, and 30 advanced-stage TNBC samples) datasets were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, followed by co-expression analysis using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and protein-protein interaction analysis using the STRING database. miRNA co-regulation was evaluated us

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… DNA methylome-wide alterations associated with estrogen receptor-dependent effects of bisphenols in breast cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2019 ; 11 : 138 . 31601247 10.1186/s13148-019-0725-y PMC6785895 56 Wright SJ Keating MJ . …

Гибридные композитные соединения с оксидами металлов: всеобъемлющий обзор синтеза и многофункциональных видов применения.

В ряде передовых технологий может использоваться разнообразное семейство композитных полимерных (CP) составов с особыми физико-химическими свойствами (MO x). В настоящем исследовании представлен всеобъемлющий обзор комплексных подходов к этим гибридным композитным материалам с уделением особого внимания синергической интеграции оксидов металлов с ХП в целях укрепления их структурной основы, а также их электрических и каталитических свойств. Изучается многофункциональное применение этих материалов, в частности в таких областях, как биомедицинское зондирование, энергосберегающие модули и техноло

Global health burdens of plastics: a lifecycle assessment model from 2016 to 2040.

BackgroundQuantifying human health impacts throughout plastics lifecycles can inform global action against pollution that promotes sustainability across environmental, economic, and health concerns.MethodsWe combined material flow analysis, using the Plastics-to-Ocean model, with lifecycle assessment (LCA) to quantitatively compare disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) associated with plastics lifecycles, under different global consumption and waste management scenarios between 2016 and 2040. We estimated global health effects of greenhouse gases, particulate matter, and specific chemical emi

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… Bisphenols, flame retardants, perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, and phthalates, used to produce specific types of plastics or otherwise contained in some plastics materials and products, have been estimated to cause 33 million DALYs per year, 47 or between US$250 billion 48 and purchasing …

A Review on the Multidisciplinary Approach for Cancer Management in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Focus on Nutritional, Lifestyle and Supportive Care.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality and one of the most challenging global health conditions, impacting the lives of millions every year. The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is not on track to achieve the sustainable development goal (SDG) target 3.4 which aims to reduce premature mortality (i.e., before the age of 70 years) for non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cancer, by a third by year 2030; instead, it is projected that the EMR will experience the least progress towards achieving this target. This review therefore highlights the importance of

Açai Berry Attenuates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Damage in Genitourinary Axis-Modulating Nrf-2/HO-1 Pathways.

Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is used to treat different malignancies and autoimmune disorders in men. This chemotherapy frequently reduces tumors, which is beneficial, but also causes infertility because of severe oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the bladder and testes brought on by its metabolite, acrolein. The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of a novel food, açai berry, in preventing CYP-induced damage in the bladder and testes.MethodsCYP was administered intraperitoneally once during the experiment at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight diluted in 10 mL/kg b.w. of water.

The journey of boswellic acids from synthesis to pharmacological activities.

There has been a lot of interest in using naturally occurring substances to treat a wide variety of chronic disorders in recent years. From the gum resin of Boswellia serrata and Boswellia carteri, the pentacyclic triterpene molecules known as boswellic acid (BA) are extracted. We aimed to provide a detailed overview of the origins, chemistry, synthetic derivatives, pharmacokinetic, and biological activity of numerous Boswellia species and their derivatives. The literature searched for reports of B. serrata and isolated BAs having anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic,

Exposome and unhealthy aging: environmental drivers from air pollution to occupational exposures.

The aging population worldwide is facing a significant increase in age-related non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular and brain pathologies. This comprehensive review paper delves into the impact of the exposome, which encompasses the totality of environmental exposures, on unhealthy aging. It explores how environmental factors contribute to the acceleration of aging processes, increase biological age, and facilitate the development and progression of a wide range of age-associated diseases. The impact of environmental factors on cognitive health and the development of chronic age

Non-coding RNA in cancer drug resistance: Underlying mechanisms and clinical applications.

Cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignant diseases worldwide, posing a serious, long-term threat to patients' health and life. Systemic chemotherapy remains the first-line therapeutic approach for recurrent or metastatic cancer patients after surgery, with the potential to effectively extend patient survival. However, the development of drug resistance seriously limits the clinical efficiency of chemotherapy and ultimately results in treatment failure and patient death. A large number of studies have shown that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly microRNAs, long non-coding RN

Pharmacological Strategies for Mitigating Cytarabine-Induced Multi-Organ Toxicity: A Scoping Review on Mechanisms, Efficacy and Clinical Implications.

BACKGROUND: Cytarabine (Ara-C) remains the cornerstone of remission-induction and consolidation chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and related hematological malignancies. Despite more than six decades of clinical use, its multi-organ toxicity continues to be managed almost exclusively through dose attenuation and supportive care, with no approved upstream pharmacological prevention strategy available. OBJECTIVES: This scoping review aimed to systematically map the breadth and nature of pharmacological agents tested in vivo for their capacity to mitigate cytarabine-induced multi-org

Exploring the Molecular Mechanisms by Which DEHP Promotes the Occurrence and Progression of Kidney Stones Based on Network Toxicology and Experimental Validation.

BACKGROUND: The global burden of kidney stones is increasing, while di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a widespread plasticizer and endocrine-disrupting pollutant, has been implicated as a potential environmental risk factor. This study investigated the mechanisms by which DEHP may aggravate calcium oxalate kidney stones through network toxicology, computational analyses, and experimental validation. METHODS: DEHP- and kidney stone-related targets were retrieved from six databases. Shared targets were analyzed using protein-protein interaction networks and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia

Pharmacomicrobiomics in Anticancer Therapies: Why the Gut Microbiota Should Be Pointed Out.

Anticancer treatments have shown a variable therapeutic outcome that may be partly attributable to the activity of the gut microbiota on the pathology and/or therapies. In recent years, microbiota-drug interactions have been extensively investigated, but most of the underlying molecular mechanisms still remain unclear. In this review, we discuss the relationship between the gut microbiota and some of the most commonly used drugs in oncological diseases. Different strategies for manipulating the gut microbiota layout (i.e., prebiotics, probiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantati

Translational strategy to support the first-in-human study of a TCR-like T cell bispecific with an in vitro-based safety approach.

The nonclinical development of T-cell receptor (TCR)-based therapeutics is uniquely challenged by the human-exclusive specificity of the peptide-HLA target, rendering conventional animal models unsuitable for safety assessment. To support first-in-human (FIH) studies in patients with solid tumors with the novel TCR-like T Cell Bispecific (TCB) antibody MAGE-A4-TCB, targeting the MAGE-A4 peptide presented by HLA-A*02:01 and engaging T-cells via the CD3ϵ chain, we implemented a comprehensive, prediction-independent safety strategy relying on New Approach Methodologies (NAMs). This approach utili

More Than an Adipokine: The Complex Roles of Chemerin Signaling in Cancer.

Chemerin is widely recognized as an adipokine, with diverse biological roles in cellular differentiation and metabolism, as well as a leukocyte chemoattractant. Research investigating the role of chemerin in the obesity-cancer relationship has provided evidence both for pro- and anti-cancer effects. The tumor-promoting effects of chemerin primarily involve direct effects on migration, invasion, and metastasis as well as growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Chemerin can also promote tumor growth via the recruitment of tumor-supporting mesenchymal stromal cells and stimulation of angiogenes

Curcumin as a Multi-Target Bioactive Molecule: Mechanistic Insights and Translational Perspectives.

Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from the curcuma genus, has attracted considerable attention due to its simple chemical structure, favorable safety profile, and broad-spectrum pharmacological activities. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent advances in curcumin research, with a specific focus on its therapeutic potential in cancer, inflammation, depression, and metabolic disorders, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hypertension, and osteoporosis. It highlights curcumin's modulation of critical signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, JAK/STAT,

Bridging the gap: ferroptosis of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by lipid peroxidation, is increasingly recognized as a pivotal immunomodulatory mechanism within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Beyond its well-established role in tumor cell elimination, emerging evidence reveals that immune cell subsets exhibit distinct susceptibility to ferroptosis, with profound consequences for antitumor immunity. This review systematically delineates the dual and cell-type-specific roles of ferroptosis across innate and adaptive immune populations: while ferroptosis-mediated depletion of immunosuppress

Targeting the two-pore channel 2 in cancer progression and metastasis.

The importance of Ca2+ signaling, and particularly Ca2+ channels, in key events of cancer cell function such as proliferation, metastasis, autophagy and angiogenesis, has recently begun to be appreciated. Of particular note are two-pore channels (TPCs), a group of recently identified Ca2+-channels, located within the endolysosomal system. TPC2 has recently emerged as an intracellular ion channel of significant pathophysiological relevance, specifically in cancer, and interest in its role as an anti-cancer drug target has begun to be explored. Herein, an overview of the cancer-related functions

Hair Dye Ingredients and Potential Health Risks from Exposure to Hair Dyeing.

Given the worldwide popularity of hair dyeing, there is an urgent need to understand the toxicities and risks associated with exposure to chemicals found in hair dye formulations. Hair dyes are categorized as oxidative and nonoxidative in terms of their chemical composition and ingredients. For several decades, the expert panel's Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) has assessed the safety of many of the chemicals used in hair dyes; however, a comprehensive review of hair dye ingredients and the risk of exposure to hair dyeing has not been documented. Herein, we review the safety of the various ch

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… This heterogeneous group of chemicals includes parabens, bisphenols, and phthalates, widely used substances in cosmetic and personal care products, and are present in hair dyes. 127 , 128 EDCs can be transported from the bloodstream to breast milk via passive diffusion and are then ingested by infants …

Epigenetic regulation in gynecological cancers: a paradigm shift in immunotherapy strategies.

Recent advances in immunotherapy have transformed the therapeutic landscape of gynecological cancers; however, durable responses remain limited by tumor heterogeneity and immune evasion mechanisms. Emerging evidence highlights epigenetic modifications comprising of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and RNA methylation as pivotal regulators of the tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy efficacy. This review comprehensively explores how these epigenetic alterations modulate immune cell infiltration, antigen presentation, immune checkpoint expression, and tumor immunogenicity acros

From Cells to Environment: Exploring the Interplay between Factors Shaping Bone Health and Disease.

The skeletal system is an extraordinary structure that serves multiple purposes within the body, including providing support, facilitating movement, and safeguarding vital organs. Moreover, it acts as a reservoir for essential minerals crucial for overall bodily function. The intricate interplay of bone cells plays a critical role in maintaining bone homeostasis, ensuring a delicate balance. However, various factors, both intrinsic and extrinsic, can disrupt this vital physiological process. These factors encompass genetics, aging, dietary and lifestyle choices, the gut microbiome, environment

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… Environmental Pollutants Environmental toxins such as dioxins, bisphenols, polychlorobiphenyls, phthalates, poly- and perfluoroalkyl, parabens, particulate matter (PM), and heavy metals can impact bone health by interfering with bone homeostasis through a variety of processes [ 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , …

H3 histone methylation landscape in male urogenital cancers: from molecular mechanisms to epigenetic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

During the last decades, male urogenital cancers (including prostate, renal, bladder and testicular cancers) have become one of the most frequently encountered malignancies affecting all ages. While their great variety has promoted the development of various diagnosis, treatment and monitoring strategies, some aspects such as the common involvement of epigenetic mechanisms are still not elucidated. Epigenetic processes have come into the spotlight in the past years as important players in the initiation and progression of tumors, leading to a plethora of studies highlighting their potential as