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Elbow hemiarthroplasty with a 3D-printed prosthesis for distal humeral bone defects after tumor excision: a case report.

INTRODUCTION: The distal humerus is a rare site for primary and metastatic bone tumors. Due to the scarcity of cases and lack of standardized surgical strategies, it is often difficult for surgeons to choose the right choice. The application of a 3D-printed prosthesis with hemiarthroplasty for the treatment of the distal humerus after tumor resection can be a very effective option. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a clinical case of a 3D-printed distal humeral prosthesis for the treatment of bone defects caused by metastatic bone tumors. The preoperative evaluation was aggressively performed, an

Bortezomib-induced gastrointestinal dysfunction, peripheral neuropathy and neuroimmune signalling are influenced by the gut microbiota in mice.

BACKGROUND: Peripheral neuropathy and gastrointestinal dysfunction are frequent, debilitating side effects of the neurotoxic myeloma drug bortezomib that reduce quality of life and adherence to optimal therapy. Therapeutic strategies to manage these complications are limited. Here, we have developed a mouse model of bortezomib side effects to investigate the role of the gut microbiota in their development. METHODS: C57BL/6 specific pathogen-free (SPF), germ-free (GF) and ex-GF mice (colonised with healthy gut microbiota via faecal microbiota transplantation [FMT]) were treated with bortezomib

Primary or secondary antifungal prophylaxis in patients with hematological maligancies: efficacy and damage.

BackgroundPatients with hematological malignancies often develop febrile neutropenia (FN) as a complication of cancer chemotherapy. Primary or secondary antifungal prophylaxis is recommended for patients with hematological malignancies to reduce the risk of invasive fungal infection (IFI). This study retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and potential harm of administration of primary and secondary antifungal prophylaxis to patients with hematological malignancies at one hospital.MethodsAll patients with hematological malignancies older than 14 years of age who had experienced at least one FN

COVID-19: The Impact in Oncology Care.

The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed a critical challenge to the current oncology care and practices including late diagnoses, delayed anti-cancer treatment, and static clinical trials. With the increasing risk of cancer patients acquiring infection during receiving the essential care, the debate ensues on how to balance the risk factors and benefits out of the oncologic emergencies in cancer patients. In this review article, we have focused on the current global re-organization of the integrity and effectiveness of the treatment modalities depending on the patient and cancer-specific urgencies w

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… Particularly, extubation, a risky process comprising viral spread is recommended to be executed either in the negative pressure or in a committed anesthesia recovery room [ 54 ]. …

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived interleukin-28 drives the selection of apoptosis resistant bone metastatic prostate cancer.

Bone metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) promotes mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) recruitment and their differentiation into osteoblasts. However, the effects of bone-marrow derived MSCs on PCa cells are less explored. Here, we report MSC-derived interleukin-28 (IL-28) triggers prostate cancer cell apoptosis via IL-28 receptor alpha (IL-28Rα)-STAT1 signaling. However, chronic exposure to MSCs drives the selection of prostate cancer cells that are resistant to IL-28-induced apoptosis and therapeutics such as docetaxel. Further, MSC-selected/IL-28-resistant prostate cancer cells grow at accelerated rat

Transpedicular Corpectomy in Minimally Invasive Surgery for Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression: A Single-Center Series.

Introduction The role of separation surgery in managing symptomatic spinal metastases has been increasing in recent years, and it represents a crucial part of the definitive management of this condition. Methods We report on a series of seven patients treated at the National Cancer Institute in Mexico using minimally invasive approaches to perform transpedicular corpectomy. The goal was to obtain a margin of tumor-free tissue, enabling the completion of oncological treatment with radiotherapy. Results We collected data from six cases. The mean age was 61.2 years. Surgical outcomes were good in

Multicenter, retrospective comparison of implant survival, complications and cost between plate and screw and intramedullary nail fixation for metastatic lesions of the diaphyseal humerus.

BACKGROUND: The humerus is a common site of metastatic disease that can be fixated with either plate and screw or intramedullary nail (IMN) constructs. A multicenter retrospective comparison study was undertaken to compare implant survival, complication rate and cost between the two constructs. No prior studies have included a cost comparison. METHODS: Databases of two academic practices were queried retrospectively to identify patients with metastases of the humerus. Inclusion criteria were a lesion in the proximal metaphysis to distal diaphysis and amenable to both implant options with avai

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… Given the significant intraoperative variability from case to case that is unrelated to implant cost—prolonged intubation or extubation, use of a foley, nerve block placement, recovery room delays to name a few—the authors thought this would confound any differences observed in cost. …

Резюме книги: ISEV2017.

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Targeting neuroinflammation: 3-monothiopomalidomide a new drug candidate to mitigate traumatic brain injury and neurodegeneration.

BACKGROUND: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), with neuroinflammation playing a critical role in the secondary cell death that exacerbates the initial injury. While targeting neuroinflammation holds significant therapeutic promise, clinical trials of available anti-inflammatory agents have fallen short. 3-Mono-thiopomalidomide (3-MP), a novel immunomodulatory imide drug (IMiD), was designed to curb inflammation without the adverse effects of traditional IMiDs and was evaluated across

Неврологические последствия гипергликемии: сообщение о редком представлении о синдроме осмотической демиелинации.

Синдром осмотического обезвоживания (ОРД) представляет собой редкое, но потенциально опасное для жизни неврологическое расстройство. Она характеризуется невоспалительным обезвоживанием, которое, как правило, вызвано внезапными сменами сыворотки. Однако появляющиеся данные свидетельствуют о том, что резкие осмотические изменения, вызванные сильной гипергликемией, даже при отсутствии натриевого дисбаланса, могут также приводить к образованию ОРВ. ПРЕДОСТАВЛЕНИЕ СЛУЧАИ: А 57-year-old мужского пола с плохо управляемым типом 2 Больной диабет и хроническое употребление алкоголя сопровождаются период

Role of physical activity in cancer prevention: An update.

Cancer prevention via regular physical activity has been studied across the world. This minireview aimed to present the latest updates in research in the context of the role of physical activity in the cancer prevention. The various mechanisms at the molecular level were studied in depth. The essential processes at play involving hormonal balance, weight reduction, adiposity, inflammation, immunity, sunlight exposure and vitamin D levels and insulin resistance were critically analyzed here. The dose response of exercise with respect to cancer prevention was appraised. Strong evidence supports

Navigating uncharted waters: assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: challenges and innovations.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), necessitating adaptations across pre-transplant, transplantation, and post-transplant phases. HSCT recipients with compromised immune systems face heightened risks of severe COVID-19 outcomes, including increased mortality. The pandemic prompted significant changes in treatment strategies, with many patients experiencing delays or deferrals in autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), alongside adjustments to chemotherapy regimens to prevent disease recurrence. Clinical practices have evolved to

Brazilian Nutritional Consensus in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Adults.

The nutritional status of patients submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplant is considered an independent risk factor, which may influence on quality of life and tolerance to the proposed treatment. The impairment of nutritional status during hematopoietic stem cell transplant occurs mainly due to the adverse effects resulting from conditioning to which the patient is subjected. Therefore, adequate nutritional evaluation and follow-up during hematopoietic stem cell transplant are essential. To emphasize the importance of nutritional status and body composition during treatment, as well a

Неверный перевод из эндогенного варианта ТРНА в пангеномных линиях клеток человека.

Варианты антикодона для передачи человека RNA (tRNA) являются источником ошибки перевода. :: tRNASerAGA-2-3 Вариант (G35A) 2% популяции человека и приводит к неправильной инкорпорации серин в фениланинских кодонах. Здесь мы разработали двойной флуоресцентный репортер для количественной оценки уровней неправильной инкорпорации в живых человеческих и муринных клетках и подтвердили неправильную трансляцию с помощью масс-спектрометрии. В β-лимфоцитах от отдельных лиц 1000 Проект по геномам, мы подтвердили предполагаемый генотип клеток с маленькими аллеями A35, и последовательность tRNA продемонстр

Preclinical B cell depletion and safety profile of a brain-shuttled crystallizable fragment-silenced CD20 antibody.

BACKGROUND: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) presents a major challenge for the development of monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based therapies for brain disorders. To improve the likelihood of success of such therapies, Roche Brainshuttle technology utilizes a single anti-transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1)-antigen-binding antibody fragment linked to a therapeutic antibody, allowing engagement with TfR1 to transport the therapeutic antibody into the brain via receptor-mediated transcytosis. METHODS: We compared Fc-silenced and Fc-competent variants of the Brainshuttle and the parental (non-shuttled) type II

Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis Following Insufficient Treatment at Initial Presentation: Case Report.

A 35-year-old male presented to our university hospital with night sweats, fevers, ulcerated skin lesions to the lower mouth and posterior neck, shortness of breath, and an enlarging cervical lymph node. The patient was evaluated 2 months prior for respiratory symptoms, cervical lymphadenopathy, and skin lesions resulting in a diagnosis of primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis and was treated with a 4-week course of fluconazole. On presentation to our hospital, initial laboratory test results revealed leukocytosis, increased liver enzymes, elevated inflammatory markers, and hypercalcemia. Compu

Protocol summary and statistical analysis plan for the bone loss prevention with zoledronic acid or denosumab in critically ill adults (BONE ZONE) trial.

BACKGROUND: Older critically ill women and men experience accelerated bone loss, an increased risk of fragility fracture, and the associated burden of impaired quality of life and increased risk of death. Antiresorptive therapies are commonly used, safe, and effective in preventing bone loss in ambulatory patients. There is insufficient evidence for their routine use during recovery from critical illness. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe the trial protocol and statistical analysis plan for Bone Loss Prevention with Zoledronic Acid or Denosumab in Critically Ill Adults (B

The prevalence of antifungal agents administration in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a retrospective study.

BackgroundInvasive fungal infections (IFIs) are chief infectious complications in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, the diagnosis of fungal infections is difficult, and often empiric treatment initiates. Since there is no data available on the prevalence of antifungal drugs administration in allogeneic HSCT recipients in Iran, we decided to conduct this study.MethodsThis study was a retrospective review of records of patients who received allogeneic HSCT in the Hematology-Oncology, Bone Marrow Transplantation center at Shariati Hospital in Tehran, bet

Factors influencing physical activity participation among people living with or beyond cancer: a systematic scoping review.

BackgroundIt has been posited that physical activity (PA) has the potential to improve health outcomes and the health-related quality of life of people living with or beyond cancer. Despite the well-documented health benefits of PA, there is a low level of PA among cancer patients. A systematic scoping review was conducted to investigate attitudes, perceptions, preferences and barriers vs. facilitators to cancer patients' PA participation.MethodsA systematic search was performed across four automated databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and Medline) in keeping with the PRISMA guideline. All can

Initial management and disposition of metastatic spinal cord compression in the emergency department: a review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) is a serious medical emergency that can complicate the course of various malignancies, including prostate, breast, and lung cancers. Appropriate evaluation and effective management of MSCC early in the emergency department are necessary to minimize neurologic deterioration and optimize the trajectory of patient recovery. METHODS: This literature review examines and summarizes current evidence surrounding the emergency department approach for timely recognition, initial evaluation, and management of MSCC. RESULTS: A comprehensive clinical