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Fanconi syndrome induced by adefovir dipivoxil: a case report and clinical review.

More than 150 cases of Fanconi syndrome (FS) or hypophosphatemia osteomalacia induced by low-dose adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) have been reported since 2002, when ADV was introduced for the long-term treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Because the life expectancy of HBV-infected individuals has increased, the adverse effects of long-term treatment with antiviral therapies are increasingly observed, and nephrotoxicity is one of the most severe adverse effects of ADV. Therefore, the number of cases may be far higher than reported. Moreover, ADV-induced FS is often misdiagnosed or diagnos

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… to a case report, denosumab improves clinical manifestations of HO, which results from ADV-induced FS. 37 In addition, mitochondrial protection may be useful against ADV-induced FS and nephrotoxicity, and some chemicals such as glycine, coenzyme Q10, l -carnitine, N-acetyl cysteine, carnosine, and taurine …

Curcumin Formulations for Better Bioavailability: What We Learned from Clinical Trials Thus Far?

Curcumin has been credited with a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties for the prevention and treatment of several chronic diseases such as arthritis, autoimmune diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hemoglobinopathies, hypertension, infectious diseases, inflammation, metabolic syndrome, neurological diseases, obesity, and skin diseases. However, due to its weak solubility and bioavailability, it has limited potential as an oral medication. Numerous factors including low water solubility, poor intestinal permeability, instability at alkaline pH, and fast metabolism contri

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… effects | ( 76 ) T2D | 118 | 12 weeks | 1 g/day +10 mg/day | ↑adiponectin, ↓leptin, ↓TNF-α, ↓leptin/adiponectin ratio | | ( 77 ) curcumin + piperine + ginger | RA | 60 | 8 weeks | - | ↓TJC, ↓ESR, ↓SJC, ↓DAS score, ↓inflammation, ↓pain | no serious adverse side effects | ( 78 ) curcuminoids + piperine + taurine … 500 mg tablet was shown to reduce TNF-α induced NF-κB activation in healthy volunteers. 148 In another study administration of nutraceuticals with anti-inflammatory, oxidative, and nitrosative stress (NAIOS) containing l -carnitine, coenzyme Q10, curcumin, lipoic acid, quercetin or NAC, glutamine, taurine …

Производимые микробиотой иммунные регуляционные метаболиты желчных кислот контролируют автонепроницаемость центральной нервной системы.

Микробиота комменсового кишечника играет определенную роль в патогенезе внекишечных аутоиммунных заболеваний, таких как множественный склероз (MS) с неизвестными механизмами. Деоксихоловая кислота (DCA) и литохолическая кислота (LCA) представляют собой вторичные метаболиты желчных кислот (BAM), получаемые из первичных желчных кислот кишечными микробиотами, которые играют ключевые функции по регулированию иммунной системы путем поощрения дифференциации клеток FOXP3+, регулируемой Т (Treg), за счет клеток TH17. Здесь мы показываем, что бактерии, выделяющие ферменты, ответственные за вторичное пр

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… Recent evidence indicates that BAs play additional key roles that regulate energy expenditure, lipid and glucose metabolism, and the immune system. 13 , 14 Primary BAs conjugated with taurine and glycine groups are post-prandially released into the duodenum, and most of them are reabsorbed in the terminal … Different intestinal bacterial taxa from common genera such as Bacteroides , Eubacterium , and Clostridium release BSH that allows the deconjugation of taurine- and glycine-conjugated BAs. 15 At colonic level, unconjugated BAs are further modified by enteric commensals through different metabolic …

A review of chemotherapeutic drugs-induced arrhythmia and potential intervention with traditional Chinese medicines.

Significant advances in chemotherapy drugs have reduced mortality in patients with malignant tumors. However, chemotherapy-related cardiotoxicity increases the morbidity and mortality of patients, and has become the second leading cause of death after tumor recurrence, which has received more and more attention in recent years. Arrhythmia is one of the common types of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, and has become a new risk related to chemotherapy treatment, which seriously affects the therapeutic outcome in patients. Traditional Chinese medicine has experienced thousands of years of cli

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… Taurine protects cisplatin induced cardiotoxicity by modulating inflammatory and endoplasmic reticulum stress responses. Biofactors 42 (6), 647–664. 10.1002/biof.1301 Christidi E., Brunham L. R. (2021). Regulated cell death pathways in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. … Taurine suppresses doxorubicin-triggered oxidative stress and cardiac apoptosis in rat via up-regulation of PI3-K/Akt and inhibition of p53, p38-JNK. Biochem. Pharmacol. 81 (7), 891–909. 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.01.008 Daubney J., Bonner P. L., Hargreaves A. J., Dickenson J. M. (2015). …

CCN proteins in the musculoskeletal system: current understanding and challenges in physiology and pathology.

The acronym for the CCN family was recently revised to represent "cellular communication network". These six, small, cysteine-enriched and evolutionarily conserved proteins are secreted matricellular proteins, that convey and modulate intercellular communication by interacting with structural proteins, signalling factors and cell surface receptors. Their role in the development and physiology of musculoskeletal system, constituted by connective tissues where cells are interspersed in the cellular matrix, has been broadly studied. Previous research has highlighted a crucial balance of CCN prote

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… CCN2 is again regulated in concert with osteogenic factors: CCN2 mediates the osteogenic potential of Notch, preptin and Wnt signalling and its expression is induced by TGFβ, BMP2, IGF-1, cortisol, and taurine in osteoblasts (Maeda et al. 2009 ; Nakanishi et al. 2000 ; Pereira et al. 2000 ; Yuan et al …

Targeting Autophagy with Natural Products as a Potential Therapeutic Approach for Cancer.

Macro-autophagy (autophagy) is a highly conserved eukaryotic intracellular process of self-digestion caused by lysosomes on demand, which is upregulated as a survival strategy upon exposure to various stressors, such as metabolic insults, cytotoxic drugs, and alcohol abuse. Paradoxically, autophagy dysfunction also contributes to cancer and aging. It is well known that regulating autophagy by targeting specific regulatory molecules in its machinery can modulate multiple disease processes. Therefore, autophagy represents a significant pharmacological target for drug development and therapeutic

A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial and Multi-Omics Analysis of Electrolysed Alkaline Water: Impacts on Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Signatures in Hyperuricemia.

Background/Objectives: Hyperuricemia (HUA) is the second most common metabolic disease in China (24.5% in males, 3.6% in females), which can induce multiple complications such as gout and diabetes. Existing urate-lowering drugs have significant hepatorenal toxicity, necessitating safe lifestyle interventions. Electrolyzed alkaline water (EAW) as daily drinking water has shown preliminary effectiveness, but it lacks randomized controlled evidence and mechanistic studies at the microbiome-metabolome interface. Methods: We conducted a 12-week randomized controlled trial in 40 adults aged 18-65 ye

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… Bilophila is a bile-resistant, sulfite-reducing, anaerobic bacterium capable of utilizing taurine-conjugated bile acids as electron acceptors for energy metabolism. …

Гомоцитистейн, питание и Гут Микробиота: всеобъемлющий обзор текущих данных и понимания.

Гомоциштейн, содержащий серную аминокислоту, является промежуточным продуктом во время метаболизма метатонина, жизненно важной аминокислоты. Возвышенная концентрация гомоцистайна в плазме, названной гипергомоцистистемией, в значительной степени связана с возникновением нескольких заболеваний, включая диабет, множественный склероз, остеопороз, рак и нейродегенеративные расстройства, такие как слабоумие, болезни Альцгеймера и Паркинсона. Сообщалось о взаимодействии между метаболическими путями гомоциштейна и кишечной микробиотой, а также о конкретных микробных сигнатурах у лиц, страдающих гиперг

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… Taurine synthesis is activated through cysteine dioxygenase up-regulation. Elevated plasma Hcy levels in obesity-related fatty liver disease may be due to increased hepatic Hcy efflux and altered sulfur amino acid metabolism. …

Antioxidant Food Supplementation in Cancer: Lessons from Clinical Trials and Insights from Preclinical Studies.

Food antioxidant supplementation has been widely proposed for cancer prevention and adjuvant therapy due to the pleiotropic role of antioxidants. Herein, particular attention is given to recent clinical trials based on the use of dietary supplements in cancer patients, both as monotherapy and in combination with standard treatments, exploring both their potential benefits and risks. This review focuses on the efficacy of the most important food antioxidants, highlighting how their action may change depending on different factors such as cancer type, dose, timing of administration and antioxida

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… Moreover, a study carried out on HCC patients treated with trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) demonstrated that the combination of curcumin, piperine, and taurine (CPT) significantly increased IFN-γ serum levels ( Table 1 ) [ 28 ], downregulated the expression of PD-1, and induced a significant … Curcumin, Piperine and Taurine Combination Enhances the Efficacy of Transarterial Chemoembolization Therapy in patients with Intermediate Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Pilot Study Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. 2024 25 1589 1598 10.31557/apjcp.2024.25.5.1589 38809630 PMC11318834 29. Nair P.M. …

Connection between nutrition and oncology in dogs and cats: perspectives, evidence, and implications-a comprehensive review.

Oncology has become one of the most influential and studied areas in both human and companion animal health. In veterinary practice, cancer represents a significant challenge, especially concerning cats and dogs. Nutrition plays a crucial role in the management of oncology patients in veterinary medicine; however, is often nonspecific and reliant on data from other species and diseases, highlighting the need for a comprehensive review of the latest developments in this field. Since the intricate relationship between nutrition and cancer encompasses various aspects, this review therefore intend

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… Supplementation with proteinogenic amino acids and high-quality functional nutrients such as taurine, 4-hydroxyproline, creatine, and carnosine ( 170 ) can be beneficial for oncologic dogs and cats. Another critical issue for oncologic patients is the immunologic deficiency caused by the disease. … Some studies could demonstrate the potential immunological properties of arginine and taurine, through nitric oxide synthesis, in combating pathogens ( 172 , 173 ). …

The Rationale for Using Neridronate in Musculoskeletal Disorders: From Metabolic Bone Diseases to Musculoskeletal Pain.

Neridronate or ((6-amino-1-hydroxy-1-phosphonohexyl) phosphonic acid) is an amino-bisphosphonate (BP) synthetized in Italy in 1986. Bisphosphonates are molecules with a P-C-P bond in their structure that allows strong and selectively binding to hydroxyapatite (HAP) as well as osteoclasts inhibition through different mechanisms of action. Neridronate was initially used to treat Paget disease of the bone, demonstrating effectiveness in reducing bone turnover markers as well as pain. The interesting molecular properties of neridronate foster its wide use in several other conditions, such as osteo

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… Indeed, it has also been found that natural BPs, such as ciliatin or 2-aminoethylphosphonic acid (2-EPA), which are analogs of the amino acids β-alanine and aminosulfonate taurine, are quite common among different organisms, from prokaryotes to eubacteria, mushrooms, mollusks, insects, and others [ 19 …

Endoplasmic reticulum stress in disease pathogenesis: its implications for therapy.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a key cellular mechanism that is important in the development of many diseases, including cancer. Since the discovery of the unfolded protein response (UPR), research has greatly improved our understanding of how ER stress affects cellular functions, especially protein folding and adaptation to stress. The UPR consists of three main branches: IRE1, ATF6, and PERK, each of which is crucial for regulating stress responses, protein homeostasis, and apoptosis. These pathways normally help cells handle stress effectively; however, excessive or prolonged activati

Genetic Syndromes, Maternal Diseases and Antenatal Factors Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affecting about 1% of all children is associated, in addition to complex genetic factors, with a variety of prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal etiologies. In addition, ASD is often an important clinical presentation of some well-known genetic syndromes in human. We discuss these syndromes as well as the role of the more important prenatal factors affecting the fetus throughout pregnancy which may also be associated with ASD. Among the genetic disorders we find Fragile X, Rett syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, Timothy syndrome, Phelan-McDermid syndrome, Hamartoma tumo

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… Studies on plasma oxytocin concentrations in children with ASD reported conflicting results, either lower levels (Modahl et al., 1998 ) or without significant difference to healthy controls (Taurines et al., 2014 ). …

Помимо потери веса: изучение неврологических последствий изменённой микробиоты кишечника послекариатрической хирургии.

В настоящем обзоре обсуждаются результаты, связанные с неврологическими расстройствами, кишечной микробиотой и бариатрической хирургией, с уделением особого внимания нейротрансмиттерам, нейроэндокрину, патофизиологии бактерий, способствующих возникновению нарушений, и возможным терапевтическим вмешательствам. Исследования в области нейротрансмиттеров показывают, что их уровни сильно зависят от кишечного микробиота, которая может связать их с такими неврологическими расстройствами, как болезнь Альцгеймера, болезнь Паркинсона, множественный склероз, депрессия и расстройства спектра аутизма. Пато

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… Furthermore, rodent experiments have indicated that these bacteria are associated with increased metabolite taurine, which has been shown to confer neuroprotective effects [ 191 ]. L-dopa is one of the main treatments for PD, and its effective dose fluctuates based on the gut microbiota. …

Молекулярная основа для человеческой митохондриальной модификации tRNA m3C с помощью альтернативной разбрызгивания METTL8.

METTL8 недавно был определен как катализатор метилпереносазы 3-methylcytidine Биогенез на месте 32 (м3С32) митохондриальных tRNA. METTL8 также потенциально участвует в мRNA метилации и R-loop Biogenesis. Как METTL8 играет многообразную роль в разных камерах, и митохондриальное образование митохондриала tRNA m3C остается неясным. Здесь мы обнаружили, что альтернативное скрещивание mRNA вызвало несколько изоформ METTL8. One (изоформ)METTL8-Iso1) был направлен на митохондрию через N-терминальную предпоследнюю последовательность, в то время как другой one (В тыс.METTL8-Iso4) в основном локализован

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… The human tRNA taurine modification enzyme GTPBP3 is an active GTPase linked to mitochondrial diseases . Nucleic Acids Res. 2021 ; 49 : 2816 – 2834 . 33619562 10.1093/nar/gkab104 PMC7969015 39. Wang J.T. , Zhou J.B. , Mao X.L. , Zhou L. , Chen M. , Zhang W. , Wang E.D. , Zhou X.L. …

Стратегия выбора субстрата, взаимно исключающаяся, у человека m3C RNA трансферазы METTL2A и METTL6.

tRNAs содержат наиболее разнообразные посттранскрипционные модификации. 3-метилцитидин (m3C) широко распределяется на позиции C32 (m3C32) у эукариотических tRNAThr и tRNASer. m3C32 модифицируется единственным метилтрансферазой Trm140 у дрожжей-попыток; однако для его биогенеза участвуют два (Trm140 и Trm141 у деления дрожжей) или три энзима (METTL2A, METTL2B и METTL6 у млекопитающих). До сих пор неизвестно обоснование существования нескольких метилтрансфераз m3C32 и их механизм дифференциации по субстрату. Здесь мы обнаружили, что оба METTL2A и METTL2B выражены в живых организмах. Мы выделили

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… The human tRNA taurine modification enzyme GTPBP3 is an active GTPase linked to mitochondrial diseases . Nucleic Acids Res. 2021 ; 49 : 2816 – 2834 . 33619562 10.1093/nar/gkab104 PMC7969015 28. Zhou X.L. , Chen Y. , Zeng Q.Y. , Ruan Z.R. , Fang P. , Wang E.D. …

The future of NMR metabolomics in cancer therapy: towards personalizing treatment and developing targeted drugs?

There has been a recent shift in how cancers are defined, where tumors are no longer simply classified by their tissue origin, but also by their molecular characteristics. Furthermore, personalized medicine has become a popular term and it could start to play an important role in future medical care. However, today, a "one size fits all" approach is still the most common form of cancer treatment. In this mini-review paper, we report on the role of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics in drug development and in personalized medicine. NMR spectroscopy has successfully been used to evalu

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… The increased GPC levels in laminal-like cells were observed along with increased concentrations of phosphocholine as well as total choline and decreased levels of taurine. …

Diet-driven microbiome changes and physical activity in cancer patients.

Exploring the role of the gut microbiome in oncology is gaining more attention, mainly due to its ability to shape the immune system in cancer patients. A well-balanced microbial composition forms a symbiotic relationship with the host organism. Mounting evidence supports the potential of modifiable lifestyle factors, such as diet and physical activity, in restoring intestinal dysbiosis related to cancer development and treatment. In this Minireview, we describe the host-microbiome interplay following different dietary patterns, including a high-fat diet, fiber-rich diet, diet rich in rice and

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… interventional randomized study crossover assignment | Colorectal cancer | To identify changes in mucosal abundance of bacterial genes associated with sulfur and bile acid metabolism and observe altered serum bile acids | 44 adults | Patients will receive a 3-week controlled isocaloric Western-type diet (high taurine …

Targeting Autophagy Using Long Non-Coding RNAs (LncRNAs): New Landscapes in the Arena of Cancer Therapeutics.

Cancer has become a global health hazard accounting for 10 million deaths in the year 2020. Although different treatment approaches have increased patient overall survival, treatment for advanced stages still suffers from poor clinical outcomes. The ever-increasing prevalence of cancer has led to a reanalysis of cellular and molecular events in the hope to identify and develop a cure for this multigenic disease. Autophagy, an evolutionary conserved catabolic process, eliminates protein aggregates and damaged organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis. Accumulating evidence has implicated the

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… translocation 1; ROR1-AS1: ROR1 antisense RNA 1; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SLCO4A1-AS1: SLCO4A1 antisense RNA 1; SNGH14: small nucleolar RNA host gene 14; SNHG11: small nucleolar host gene 11; SNHG6: small nucleolar RNA host gene 6; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; TRIM16: tripartite motif-containing 16; TUG1: taurine-upregulated …

Микроэкология и тренировка: целевое воздействие на ось микробиота-Гут-Брэйна для лечения заболеваний центральной нервной системы.

Кишечная микробиота (ГМ) может играть решающую роль в развитии и развитии заболеваний центральной нервной системы (ЦНС). Микроэкология и упражнение могут влиять на состав и функции ГМ, оказывая тем самым позитивное воздействие на НКЦ. Ожидается, что комбинированные физические упражнения и микроэкология позволят более комплексно и эффективно решать проблемы, связанные с заболеваниями CNS, через ось микробиота-гут-мозгов (MMBA), потенциально превысив результаты отдельных мероприятий. Однако в настоящее время по этой теме не проводится соответствующих обзоров. В этом обзоре мы изучаем взаимосвязь

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… Moreover, the GM has the ability to directly produce neuroactive molecules, such as 5-aminovaleric acid (5-AVA), taurine, and sulfated 4-EPS. These molecules exert diverse effects on neurodevelopmental processes, including myelination and oligodendrocyte maturation [ 54 ]. …