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Microsurgical Lymphatic Vessel Transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Lymphedema often arises after a regional interruption during cancer treatment, for example after lymph node resection the axilla or the groin. Lymphatic vessels as vascular grafts may overcome these lymphatic gaps. METHOD: Experiments in rats and dogs were performed for developing this method. Volume measurements, lymphoscintigraphies, proof of patency by MRI and radiology as well as quality of life studies were performed in patients. RESULTS: Long-term follow-up studies revealed significantly reduced volumes, significant improvement of lymphatic outflow shown by lymphoscintigrap…

The BMP Pathway in Blood Vessel and Lymphatic Vessel Biology.

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) were originally identified as the active components in bone extracts that can induce ectopic bone formati … molecular heterogeneity among endothelial cells in different vessel types such as arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels and capillaries within different organs. The BMP pathway is a remarkably fine-tuned pathway. As a result, its signaling output in the vessel wall critically depends on the cellular context, which includes flow hemodynamics, interplay with other vasc …

Detection of Efferent Lymphatic Vessels Using Gamma Probe Guidance for Efferent Lymphatic Vessel Anastomosis.

Efferent lymphatic vessel anastomosis (ELVA) is a microsurgical technique used to anastomose efferent lymphatic vessels from the inguinal lymph nodes (LNs) to the veins in patients with lower extremity lymphedema (LEL). Intraoperative detection of inguinal LNs is important when performing ELVA. Identifying inguinal LNs in patients with mild LEL is easy on palpation, ultrasonography, and indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography because the LNs are large and have good ICG uptake. In contrast, inguinal LNs of patients with advanced LEL are small and have minimal to no ICG uptake owing to lymphatic de…

Blood Vessels and Lymphatic Vessels in the Cornea and Iris After Penetrating Keratoplasty.

PURPOSE: To detect early growth of blood and lymphatic vessels in the mouse cornea and iris after penetrating keratoplasty. METHODS: Penetrating keratoplasty was performed with C57BL/6 mice as donors and BALB/c mice as recipients. Graft transparency and neovascularization were examined by slit-lamp microscopy. Whole mounts of the cornea and iris were processed for detection of the outgrowth of blood and lymph vessels. RESULTS: On day 3 after surgery, all corneal grafts were slightly edematous, and blood vessels in the corneoscleral limbus dilated. LYVE-1 lymphatic vessels and CD31 blood vess…

Targeting Meningeal Lymphatic Vessels to Advance Stroke Therapy.

Meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs) have recently emerged as pivotal regulators of central nervous system homeostasis, orchestrating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage, metabolic waste clearance, and neuroimmune surveillance at the brain and meningeal interface. Stroke, ischemic or hemorrhagic, exerts profound functional insults on mLVs, disrupting clearance pathways. These disturbances not only exacerbate acute edema and neuroinflammation but also dictate long-term outcomes, including post-stroke cognitive decline. In this review, we synthesize current understanding of mLVs anatomy and physiol…

Роль менингеевых лимфатических сосудов в гомеостазе мозга.

Менингеевые лимфатические сосуды (MLVs) образуют важную связующую структуру между мозгом и периферией, которая сливает церебральные метаболиты в цереброспиновую жидкость (CSF) и антигены головного мозга в глубоководные лимфатические узлы шейки матки (dCLNs) для поддержания гомеостазы мозга. Растущие данные свидетельствуют о важности MLV в старении мозга и различных заболеваний центральной нервной системы (КНС), таких, как болезнь Альцгеймера (AD), болезнь Паркинсона (PD), травма мозга (TBI) и множественный склероз (MS). Достижения в области научно-исследовательской техники позволили получить п

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) form an important bridging structure between the brain and periphery, which drains cerebral metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain antigens to deep cervical lymph nodes (dCLNs), to maintain brain homeostasis. Increasing evidence reveals the importance of MLVs in brain ageing and various central nervous system (C…

Lymphatic Vessels in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering.

The lymphatic system is involved in maintaining interstitial fluid homeostasis, fat absorption, and immune surveillance. Dysfunction of lymphatic fluid uptake can lead to lymphedema. Worldwide up to 250 million people are estimated to suffer from this disfiguring and disabling disease, which places a strain on the healthcare system as well as on the affected patients. The severity of lymphatic diseases calls for the establishment of new treatment methods. One approach is to replace dysfunctional lymphatic vessels with bioengineered ones. In this study, we mainly focus on hydrogels, scaffolds w…

Neither normal nor diseased placentas contain lymphatic vessels.

BACKGROUND: Scant data on placental lymphatic vessels have pointed to the absence of lymphatic circulation. A recent study on mesenchymal dysplasia (MD), however, has identified pathologic lymphangiogenesis using the D2-40 lymphatic marker. These conflicting data have prompted us to investigate whether lymphatic vessels are present in normal developing placentas and in placental disorders characterized by cistern formation. DESIGN: Seventeen human placentas without significant pathological abnormality ranging from 12 to 39 weeks of gestational age were studied. Cisternal placental disorders w…

Morphological changes in lymphatic vessels in pulpal inflammation.

Noncarious, carious, and restored human teeth obtained from individuals 20 to 65 years of age were used to study the differences in lymphatic drainage between healthy and inflamed pulps. In carious teeth, the lymphatic vessels located within and/or surrounding the inflammatory lesion were distended, a situation not demonstrable in pulps of noncarious and restored teeth.

Lymphatic flow velocity is a predictor of functional lymphatic vessels for lymphaticovenous anastomosis.

BACKGROUND: Indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography is widely used to localize functional lymphatic vessels for lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA); however, flow velocity is rarely assessed. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between lymphatic flow velocity and the presence of functional lymphatic vessels. METHODS: Data of a total of 924 lymphatic vessels from 273 lymphedema patients who underwent LVA between July 2018 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Lymph flow velocity was defined by considering the most proximal anatomic location enhanced by ICG at 30 min after injection and…

Lymphatic vessels are present in phosphaturic mesenchymal tumours.

Oncogenic osteomalacia (OO) is an acquired form of hypophosphataemic osteomalacia, which is associated most commonly with the development of … nd podoplanin, we found that PMTMCTs, in contrast to haemangiomas and haemangiopericytomas, contain lymphatic vessels. Taken with previous observations that PMTMCTs overexpress FGF23 and other gene products, this finding provides further evidence that most osteomalacia associated mesenchymal tumours represent a discrete pathological entity.

Subdural haematomas drain into the extracranial lymphatic system through the meningeal lymphatic vessels.

Subdural haematomas (SDHs) are characterized by rapidly or gradually accumulated haematomas between the arachnoid and dura mater. The mechan … these substances drained into deep cervical lymph nodes (dCLNs). FITC-500D was also observed in the lymphatic vessels (LYVE+) of the meninges and the dCLNs in mice. The SDH clearance rate in SDH rats that received deep cervical lymph vessel (dCLV) ligation surgery was significantly lower than that in the control group, as evaluated by haemoglobin quantification and …

Development of the peritoneal lymphatic stomata and lymphatic vessels of the diaphragm in mice.

The generation and development of the peritoneal lymphatic stomata (PLS) and lymphatic vessels of the diaphragm were studied in mice at gestational ages from the embryonic to the postnatal period with TEM, SEM and enzyme histochemistry and the PLS data were quantitatively analyzed with computer-assisted image processing technology (Elescope image analysis software). The results showed that the diaphragmatic mesothelium was covered only by flattened mesothelial cells (FMC) at the 13th embryonic day (ED 13). At ED 15, some cuboidal mesothelial cells (CMC) and immature lymphatic stomata (NLS) wer…

Regulation of blood vessel versus lymphatic vessel growth in the cornea.

PURPOSE: In the present study, the authors developed novel models to stimulate blood vessel formation (hemangiogenesis) versus lymphatic vessel formation (lymphangiogenesis) in the cornea. METHODS: Micropellets loaded with high-dose (80 ng) or low-dose (12.5 ng) basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were placed in BALB/c corneas. Angiogenic responses were analyzed by immunohistochemistry to quantify blood neovessels (BVs) and lymphatic neovessels (LVs) to 3 weeks after implantation. Areas covered by BV and LV were calculated and expressed as a percentage of the total corneal area (percentage

Lymphatic System Transfer for Lymphedema Treatment: Transferring the Lymph Nodes with Their Lymphatic Vessels.

BACKGROUND: Vascularized lymph node transfer is the most common physiological procedure indicated for severe lymphedema. We describe a new physiological treatment strategy for lymphedema, lymphatic system transfer (LYST), which comprises transfer of the vascularized afferent lymphatic vessels along with their draining lymph nodes. METHODS: All patients undergoing LYST for treatment of lymphedema from 2017 to 2018 were identified. Patient demographics, intraoperative factors, and postoperative outcomes were reviewed. RESULTS: Three patients underwent LYST. Average patient age and body mass in…

Lymphatic vessel dynamics in the uterine wall.

During pregnancy, maternal uterine blood vessels undergo dramatic vascular remodeling. However, until now, little was known about whether the lymphatic circulation experiences similar changes and whether these vessels interact with placental cells that invade maternal tissue. Recent studies demonstrate that lymphatic vessels in the uterine wall are highly compartmentalized where their presence is mostly restricted to the deeper layers. In humans, this arrangement changes during pregnancy when extensive lymphangiogenesis occurs at the maternal-fetal interface. Placental cytotrophoblasts stimula…