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Multiple sclerosis.

The cause of multiple sclerosis is unknown but seems to be multifactorial. Susceptibility or resistance may be genetically determined; something in the environment interacts with the human host at the proper age to cause biochemical and structural lesions in the central nervous system. The systemic immune response and the response of the central nervous system become involved. Although multiple sclerosis cannot yet be cured, many clues are leading to an effective palliative therapy. Suppression or modulation of the immune responses may be the key to developing that treatment. If the environmen…

Migraines, the multiple sclerosis prodrome, and multiple sclerosis susceptibility.

BACKGROUND: Multiple studies identified an association between migraines and multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether migraines increase MS risk or are part of the MS prodrome. METHODS: Incident MS cases and matched controls completed structured interviews that included a detailed headache and MS history. Participants were classified as having migraines if they fulfilled the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders criteria. The association between migraine onset concurrent with or before the first MS symptom/index date was estimated using mul…

Multiple sclerosis: multiple etiologies, multiple genes?

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by multifocal damage of the central nervous system myelin. Both humoral and cell-mediated immune abnormalities have been observed in patients with multiple sclerosis, but their relation to the demyelination process is not understood. The etiology of the disease is still unknown; however, evidence exists for an interplay between environmental and genetic factors. Several genes are involved in determining the disease susceptibility, at least one of them encoded within human leukocyte antigen gene complex. Other genomic regions co…

Изменчивость множественных масштабов склероза и множественных масштабов воздействия склероза у людей без множественного склероза

Многие люди с множественным склерозом (PwMS) испытывают проблемы с мобильностью в какой-то момент своего курса лечения. Критерий воздействия множественных склерозов (MSIS) и многоклерозовой шкалы ходьбы (MSWS) аттестованы, согласно данным пациентов, итоговые показатели физического расстройства в PwMS. Диапазон оценок MSIS и MSWS среди людей, не имеющих MS (pwMS), не вполне понятен. Лица старше возраста 16 Тем, кто не имел диагноза множественных склерозов (МС), было предложено заполнить онлайновое обследование, состоящее из общего вопросника по вопросам здравоохранения, MSIS и MSWS. Показатели

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Introduction  Many people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) experience problems with mobility at some point in their disease course. The Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS) and Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale (MSWS) are validated patient-reported outcome measures of physical impairment in pwMS. The range of scores on MSIS and MSWS in people without MS (pwoM…

The multiple facets of multiple sclerosis.

INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and degenerative entity that may involve the brain, optic nerve, and/or the spinal cord. We reviewed 137 patients, aged 4-54 years old at the time of the diagnosis and will report on the vision, different motility disorders found, visual fields, optic neuritis and RAPD, return of vision following the neuritis, visual evoked potential, nerve fiber layer analysis, and systemic problems such as Uhthoff phenomenon, L'Hermitte sign, urinary urgency, and constipation. METHODS: One hundred thirty-seven patients were given full ophthalmologic a…

Pediatric multiple sclerosis.

Recognition of multiple sclerosis (MS) and other acquired demyelinating disorders in children has increased significantly in the last decade. Consensus definitions that characterize the varied clinical presentations of acute demyelination, and proposed clinical and MRI criteria specific for MS in children have aided diagnostic consistency. Care of children with an acute demyelinating attack is influenced by clinical severity, with corticosteroids, immunoglobulin, and plasma exchange being the most commonly employed therapies. Children with confirmed MS are often managed with immunomodulatory t…

Tumefactive multiple sclerosis.

Tumefactive multiple sclerosis (MS) is a subtype of atypical and rare MS that presents with tumor-like lesions in the central nervous system. The lesions may demonstrate a mass effect, edema, with ring enhancement. They can be mistaken for brain tumors or brain abscesses radiologically and clinically. Here we describe an instructive case of a 55-year-old woman with tumefactive MS who presented with occasional numbness in her right arm and leg, headache, thought confusion, and blurred vision for 2 years.

Multiple Sclerosis Pathology.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which gives rise to focal lesions in the gray and white matter and to diffuse neurodegeneration in the entire brain. In this review, the spectrum of MS lesions and their relation to the inflammatory process is described. Pathology suggests that inflammation drives tissue injury at all stages of the disease. Focal inflammatory infiltrates in the meninges and the perivascular spaces appear to produce soluble factors, which induce demyelination or neurodegeneration either directly or indir…

Pediatric multiple sclerosis.

Pediatric multiple sclerosis has been increasingly recognized in the past 10 to 15 years; 3% to 5% of all multiple sclerosis patients experience their first attack in childhood. Childhood multiple sclerosis has a relapsing-remitting disease course. The first attack, or "acquired demyelinating syndrome," consists of optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and monofocal or polyfocal neurological deficits. The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis necessitates the clinical or magnetic resonance imaging confirmation of dissemination in space and time and exclusion of o…