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Improving the Efficacy of Cancer mRNA Vaccines.

mRNA vaccines consist of antigen-encoding mRNA, which produces the antigenic protein upon translation. Coupling antigen production with innate immune activation can generate a potent, antigen-specific T-cell response. Clinical reports have demonstrated the ability of mRNA vaccines to elicit an anticancer immune response against various tumor types. Here, we discuss strategies to enhance the potency of mRNA vaccines. We provide an overview of existing knowledge regarding the activation and trafficking mechanisms of mRNA vaccines and share optimization strategies to boost mRNA-mediated antigen p…

Ternary nanoparticle rigidity regulates mRNA vaccines transportation.

Various nanoparticles have been developed as safe and effective carriers for mRNA delivery, aimed at preventing degradation. Despite numerous factors considered in nanoparticle design, the influence of mechanical elasticity on their preferential transport behavior to the lymphatic system remains poorly understood. In this study, we synthesized a library of ternary nanoparticles encapsulating mRNA with tunable elastic moduli to investigate the role of nanoparticle rigidity in lymphatic transport. In vitro analyses revealed that rigid mRNA delivery systems exhibited significantly enhanced cellul

mRNA vaccines against HIV: Hopes and challenges.

BACKGROUND: Since the introduction of the first licensed mRNA-based vaccines against COVID-19, there has been significant interest in leveraging this technology for other vaccines. An unprecedented surge of mRNA vaccines has emerged in preclinical, clinical, and various research phases since 2020. The rapid development of mRNA formulations, delivery methods, and manufacturing processes has made this trend foreseeable. There is an urgent demand for effective and easily transportable vaccines in regions where the virus is prevalent, and mRNA technology shows promise in addressing this need. MET…

Coming of age: mRNA vaccines for orthoflaviviruses.

Orthoflaviviruses - including dengue, Zika, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, and Powassan viruses - are mosquito- and tick-borne members of the family Flaviviridae. Orthoflaviviruses pose major public health threats, with the potential for epidemics and pandemics. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines offer a powerful platform by delivering in vitro-synthesized viral antigen-encoding mRNAs into the host, where they generate proteins that trigger robust immune responses. These synthetic platforms simplify the expression of complex viral glycoproteins, allow…

An Update on mRNA-Based Viral Vaccines.

With the success of COVID-19 vaccines, newly created mRNA vaccines against other infectious diseases are beginning to emerge. Here, we review the structural elements required for designing mRNA vaccine constructs for effective in vitro synthetic transcription reactions. The unprecedently speedy development of mRNA vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was enabled with previous innovations in nucleoside modifications during in vitro transcription and lipid nanoparticle delivery materials of mRNA. Recent updates are briefly described in the status of mRNA …

mRNA vaccines transform personalized lung cancer treatment.

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy represent major innovations in the treatment of lung cancer. However, in patients with driver gene-positi … the current research status of lung cancer vaccines, clarifies the unique therapeutic advantages of mRNA vaccines compared to traditional vaccine modalities, and highlights existing challenges associated with mRNA vaccines. It also provides an overview of current clinical trials of mRNA vaccines for lung cancer and proposes rational design and clinical applicat …

mRNA Vaccines: Current Applications and Future Directions.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines, as a novel class of biotherapeutics, leverage mRNA technology to instruct cells to produce specific antigens, thereby inducing an immune response. In recent years, significant progress has been made in applying these vaccines to infectious disease prevention and cancer treatment. Compared with traditional vaccines, mRNA vaccines offer high programmability, as well as greatly enhanced stability and immunogenicity, achieved through nucleotide modifications and advanced delivery systems such as lipid nanoparticles. However, many challenges remain in the design and d…

Tailoring mRNA lipid nanoparticles for antifungal vaccines.

Vaccination is one of the most effective public health measures for preventing and managing infectious diseases. Despite intensive efforts from the relatively small medical mycology community, developing effective vaccines against invasive fungal infections remains a scientific challenge. This is predominantly due to large antigenic repertoires, complicated life cycles, and the capacity of fungal pathogens to evade the host immune system. Additionally, antifungal vaccines often need to work for at-risk individuals who are immunodeficient. We anticipate that the success of mRNA vaccines against…

Advances in mRNA vaccines for viral diseases.

Since the onset of the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have demonstrated outstanding performance. mRNA vaccines offer significant advantages over conventional vaccines in production speed and cost-effectiveness, making them an attractive option against other viral diseases. This article reviewed recent advances in viral mRNA vaccines and their delivery systems to provide references and guidance for developing mRNA vaccines for new viral diseases.

mRNA вакцины для профилактики и лечения заболеваний.

mRNA вакцины стали высокоэффективными стратегиями в области профилактики и лечения болезней, в значительной степени, хотя и не полностью благодаря их выдающимся показателям в последние годы в борьбе с глобальной чумой. COVID-19. Огромное превосходство вакцин MRNA в том, что касается их эффективности, безопасности и крупномасштабного производства, побуждает фармацевтическую промышленность и биотехнологические компании распространять их применение на различные заболевания, несмотря на несомненные проблемы в проектировании, изготовлении и способе управления. В настоящем обзоре рассматриваются тех

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
mRNA vaccines have emerged as highly effective strategies in the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases, thanks largely although not totally to their extraordinary performance in recent years against the worldwide plague COVID-19. The huge superiority of mRNA vaccines regarding their efficacy, safety, and large-scale manufacture encourages pharmaceutical indu…

What rheumatologists need to know about mRNA vaccines: current status and future of mRNA vaccines in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines as a novel vaccine platform offer new tools to effectively combat both emerging and existing pathogens which were previously not possible. The 'plug and play' feature of mRNA vaccines enables swift design and production of vaccines targeting complex antigens and rapid incorporation of new vaccine constituents as needed. This feature makes them likely to be adopted for widespread clinical use in the future.Currently approved mRNA vaccines include only those against SARS-CoV-2 virus. These vaccines demonstrate robust immunogenicity and offer substantial protection a…

Translational Challenges and Opportunities in mRNA Cancer Vaccines.

UNLABELLED: Messenger RNA (mRNA) cancer vaccines have progressed rapidly, with personalized platforms such as mRNA-4157 and BNT122 demonstra … regimens, and adaptive trial frameworks to reconcile these trade-offs and advance scalable, durable mRNA vaccines for broad oncologic impact. SIGNIFICANCE: By dissecting the competing design pressures that shape mRNA vaccine performance, this mini-review proposes integrative strategies, spanning modular architectures, prime-boost regimens, and adaptive trials, …

Cancer mRNA vaccines: clinical application progress and challenges.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have emerged as one of the most promising and rapidly evolving immunotherapeutic approaches due to their ease of production, demonstrated clinical efficacy, and high safety. The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has showcased the remarkable therapeutic potential of mRNA vaccines, prompting researchers to explore their use for cancer treatment. Preclinical studies and human clinical trials have indicated their substantial clinical applicability. However, current research faces several challenges, including the complexity of tumor antigen selection, vaccin…

Research progress of mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases.

mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases prevent diseases by stimulating the body to produce specific immune responses through mRNA molecules encoding pathogenic proteins. Compared to traditional vaccines (e.g., inactivated, live attenuated, subunit, recombinant protein and viral vectors), mRNA vaccines offer several advantages including high safety, potent efficacy, scalable large-scale production, and cost-effectiveness. mRNA vaccines have demonstrated significant potential in combating infectious diseases since their inception. In particular, during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pand…

Research progress of mosquito-borne virus mRNA vaccines.

In recent years, mRNA vaccines have emerged as a leading technology for preventing infectious diseases due to their rapid development and high immunogenicity. These vaccines encode viral antigens, which are translated into antigenic proteins within host cells, inducing both humoral and cellular immune responses. This review systematically examines the progress in mRNA vaccine research for major mosquito-borne viruses, including dengue virus, Zika virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Chikungunya virus, yellow fever virus, Rift Valley fever virus, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Enhance…

mRNA vaccines against infectious diseases and future direction.

Vaccines are used for the control of infectious diseases of animals. Over other types of vaccinations like live attenuated or killed vaccines, mRNA-based vaccines have significant advantages. As only a small portion of the pathogen's genetic material is employed and the dose rate of mRNA-based vaccines is low, there is the least possibility that the pathogen will reverse itself. A carrier or vehicle that shields mRNA-based vaccines from the host's cellular RNases is necessary for their delivery. mRNA vaccines have been shown to be effective and to induce both a cell-mediated immune response an…

Clinical advancements in mRNA vaccines against viral infections.

Over the last decade, mRNA vaccines development has shown significant advancement, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. This comprehensive review examines the efficacy of pivotal vaccines against emerging COVID-19 variants and strategies for enhancing vaccine effectiveness. It also explores the versatility of mRNA technology in addressing other infectious diseases such as influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, HIV, cytomegalovirus, Ebola, Zika, Rabies, and Nipah viruses. The analysis includes safety and clinical progress of mRNA vaccines and evaluates their potential in combination vacc…

The clinical progress of mRNA vaccines and immunotherapies.

The emergency use authorizations (EUAs) of two mRNA-based severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 vaccines approximately 11 months after publication of the viral sequence highlights the transformative potential of this nucleic acid technology. Most clinical applications of mRNA to date have focused on vaccines for infectious disease and cancer for which low doses, low protein expression and local delivery can be effective because of the inherent immunostimulatory properties of some mRNA species and formulations. In addition, work on mRNA-encoded protein or cellular immunothe