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Risk of MS relapse after yellow fever vaccination: A self-controlled case series.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether live-attenuated yellow fever vaccine (YFV) was associated with MS relapse, we evaluated the clinical courses of 23 patients in the year before and the year after immunization at the university hospital of Geneva, Switzerland. METHODS: This self-controlled retrospective cohort included adult patients with MS receiving YFV between 2014 and 2018 and defined the year before vaccination, the 3 months thereafter, and the 9 months following as the pre-exposure (PEP), exposure-risk (ERP), and postrisk (PRP) periods, respectively. The primary outcome was the relative in

Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis is related to relapses, autonomic dysfunctions and introversion: A quasi-experimental study.

BACKGROUND: Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) might be partially due to inflammatory processes. If so, relapses should increase the fatigue level. METHODS: Two groups of MS patients participated in this study. One suffered from a relapse and was treated by Methylprednisolone. The other group experienced a deterioration of their neurological condition but no relapse and received neurological rehabilitation. We assessed fatigue before admission, at admission and after discharge (t1, t2, t3). Furthermore, autonomic dysfunctions, depressive mood, apathy and extraversion were assessed at admissio…

Prevalence and clinical features of multiple sclerosis in Latin America.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) in Latin America (LA) is considered to have a low to medium prevalence. However, accurate information on MS in LA is scarce. The aim of this study was to compare clinical characteristics among LA patients through a systematic review of the literature. A systematic search (Spanish, Portuguese and English) was done for all clinical studies of MS in humans (MEDLINE, PubMed, Scielo, BIREME, EMBASE and LILACS) up to May 2011 being focused on a well-defined Latin American population (peer-reviewed journal) following the MOOSE guidelines. The search strategy included combinati…

Differences in retinal nerve fiber layer atrophy between multiple sclerosis subtypes.

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) atrophy in the afferent visual pathway may complement existing tools used to describe and characterize differences across MS subtypes. METHODS: Optical coherence tomography-measured RNFL values were compared over two years in 35 patients (70 eyes) with optic neuritis (ON) as a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS); 39 patients (78 eyes) with relapsing remitting MS (RRMS); and 7 patients (14 eyes) with secondary progressive MS (SPMS). RESULTS: RNFL comparisons involving eyes without ON yielded greater differences between MS subtyp

Ectopic lymphoid follicles in progressive multiple sclerosis: From patients to animal models.

Ectopic lymphoid follicles (ELFs), resembling germinal centre-like structures, emerge in a variety of infectious and autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. ELFs can be found in the meninges of around 40% of the investigated progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) post-mortem brain tissues and are associated with the severity of cortical degeneration and clinical disease progression. Of predominant importance for progressive neuronal damage during the progressive MS phase appears to be meningeal inflammation, comprising diffuse meningeal infiltrates, B-cell aggregates and compartmentalized ELFs. Howev…

B Cells in the CNS at Postmortem Are Associated With Worse Outcome and Cell Types in Multiple Sclerosis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To define the clinical and pathologic correlations of compartmentalized perivascular B cells in postmortem progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) brains. METHODS: Brain slices were acquired from 11 people with secondary progressive (SP) MS, 5 people with primary progressive (PP) MS, and 4 controls. Brain slices were immunostained for B lymphocytes (CD20), T lymphocytes (CD3), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD8), neuronal neurofilaments (NF200), myelin (SMI94), macrophages/microglia (CD68 and IBA1), astrocytes (glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP]), and mitochondria (voltag…

[Modified neuronal processing of oVEMPs in patients with multiple sclerosis].

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system, which is reflected in impaired transmission of impulses due to damage to the myelin layer. In addition to the visual evoked potentials, the vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) are increasingly considered for diagnosis. Due to a low signal-to-noise ratio, several hundred stimulus responses are usually averaged in order to determine the amplitude and latencies from these curves. However, this averaging procedure also filters out information that, if taken into account, could provide further insights into the course of …

Воздействие внутритехекулярной инъекции мезенхимальных стволовых клеток-недуральных прогенераторов на биомаркеры цереброспинной жидкости в прогрессивном множественном склерозе.

Misenchymal стволовые клетки (MSC-NP) — мезенхимальная популяция клеток с трофическими и иммунодулятивными свойствами, имеющих терапевтический потенциал при множественном склерозе (MS). В ходе клинических испытаний на раннем этапе изучался вопрос о безопасности и эффективности внутритехнологического управления автологическими МСЦ-НП у людей с прогрессивными НР. Чтобы лучше понять биологическую реакцию на лечение MSC-NP, мы проанализировали биомаркеры цереброспиновой жидкости (CSF) в 2 отдельные группы пробных субъектов со вторичными прогрессивными или первичными прогрессивными НР от обеих фазы

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Mesenchymal stem cell-neural progenitors (MSC-NP) are a bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived population of cells with trophic and immunomodulatory properties with therapeutic potential in multiple sclerosis (MS). Early phase clinical trials have investigated the safety and efficacy of intrathecal administration of autologous MSC-NPs in people with progr…

Management of patients with active relapsing-remitting or secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: A French real-world study based on claims data linked to a phase IV study.

BACKGROUND: PRO-MSactive is a French phase-IV study evaluating ocrelizumab efficacy in active relapsing-remitting or secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (RRMS or SPMS). By linking clinical data to the national claims database (SNDS), the objective of this study was to obtain an overview of RRMS and SPMS burden. METHODS: All RRMS and SPMS patients included in the PRO-MSactive study between July 2018 and July 2019 and followed for 48 weeks were linked to MS patients from SNDS. Healthcare Resource Utilization and costs were described in RRMS patients, in the two years prior to ocrelizumab i…

First in vivo fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging of the multiple sclerosis drug siponimod.

Theranostic imaging methods could greatly enhance our understanding of the distribution of CNS-acting drugs in individual patients. Fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging (19F MRI) offers the opportunity to localize and quantify fluorinated drugs non-invasively, without modifications and without the application of ionizing or other harmful radiation. Here we investigated siponimod, a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor antagonist indicated for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), to determine the feasibility of in vivo 19F MR imaging of a disease modifying drug. Methods: The 19F…

Microfibrillar-associated protein 4 as a potential marker of acute relapse in inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system: Pathological and clinical aspects.

BACKGROUND: Microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) is an extracellular matrix protein not previously described in the human central nervous system (CNS). OBJECTIVES: We determined MFAP4 CNS expression and measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum levels. METHODS: Tissue was sampled at autopsy from patients with acute multiple sclerosis (MS) (n = 3), progressive MS (n = 3), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) (n = 2), and controls (n = 9), including 6 healthy controls (HC). MFAP4 levels were measured in 152 patients: 49 MS, 62 NMOSD, 22 myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-a…

Social anxiety in a multiple sclerosis clinic population.

BACKGROUND: Little is known about social anxiety in MS. OBJECTIVE: We estimated the prevalence of social anxiety symptoms and their association with demographic and clinical features in a clinic-attending sample of patients with MS. METHODS: Patients attending the Dalhousie MS Research Unit for regularly scheduled visits completed the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Health Utilities Index (HUI). Neurological disability was determined by ratings on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). RESULTS: A total of 251 patients completed

A timing-of-birth effect on multiple sclerosis clinical phenotype.

BACKGROUND: A month-of-birth (MOB) effect has been shown in multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: Our chi(2) analyses looked at whether this MOB effect differed by MS phenotype ("bout onset," "primary progressive"). RESULTS: The MOB effect was derived from "bout onset" MS patients (May/November ratio = 1.43; chi(2) = 17.32, df = 1, p = 0.000032). CONCLUSIONS: An unspecified environmental effect in early development can influence both multiple sclerosis susceptibility and phenotype.

Trigeminal involvement in multiple sclerosis: magnetic resonance imaging findings with clinical correlation in a series of patients.

Trigeminal involvement detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is usually associated with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) or painless paraesthesia in the trigeminal distribution. Our aim is to review the incidence of trigeminal involvement on MRI in a series of patients with MS at our institution, with further clinical correlation. We reviewed MRI scans of 275 MS patients for the presence of gadolinium enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted images, anatomical and signal abnormalities on different sequences at the pontine trigeminal root entry zone (REZ) and …

Multiple sclerosis pathology in the normal and abnormal appearing white matter of the corpus callosum by diffusion tensor imaging.

Lesions in the corpus callosum in multiple sclerosis (MS) include those that are hyperintense on T2-weighted images, which can be either focal (isolated) or connected, but there is evidence that the corpus callosum, similar to other white matter regions, contains normal appearing white matter (NAWM) which is abnormal based on quantitative MR methodologies. In this pilot study, diffusion tensor based measures were determined in corpus callosum from 10 patients with MS and 12 age and gender matched controls. T2-hyperintense lesions were carefully segmented out from normal appearing corpus callos…

Molecular analysis of the CD8 gene in multiple sclerosis.

Analysis of DNA fragments of the CD8 gene following digestion with three restriction enzymes showed no differences between patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (MS), familial MS and controls. These abnormalities suggest that any abnormalities in the expression of CD8 protein in MS are not likely to be due to a gross deletion or rearrangement of the CD8 gene.

Cerebrospinal Fluid-In Gradient of Cortical and Deep Gray Matter Damage in Multiple Sclerosis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A CSF-in gradient in cortical and thalamic gray matter (GM) damage has been found in multiple sclerosis (MS). We concomitantly explored the patterns of cortical, thalamic, and caudate microstructural abnormalities at progressive distances from CSF using a multiparametric MRI approach. METHODS: For this cross-sectional study, from 3T 3D T1-weighted scans, we sampled cortical layers at 25%-50%-75% depths from pial surface and thalamic and caudate bands at 2-3-4 voxels from the ventricular-GM interface. Using linear mixed models, we tested between-group comparisons of …

Multiple sclerosis, lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: the central role of Epstein-Barr virus?

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) share epidemiologic characteristics suggesting a possible common etiology. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with HL, Burkitt lymphoma, some varieties of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHOD: Patients were located through MS databases for (a) Barking and Havering, NE London; catchment approximately 400,000; MS patient number 751, and (b) Nottingham, catchment approximately 2,000,000; MS patient number 1,236. Search was undertaken for lymphoma or NPC and diagnosis of MS verified by McDonald crit…

Atypical Pediatric Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Pediatric central nervous system demyelinating diseases include multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). As diagnostic criteria become more inclusive, the risk of misdiagnosis of atypical demyelinating diseases of rheumatologic, infectious, and autoimmune etiology increases. RECENT FINDINGS: We review mimics of multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, including rheumatologic diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus and neuro-Behçet dise…

Multiple sclerosis. Current concepts in management.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, often progressive disease of the central nervous system which can produce visual, sensory, motor, and genitourinary dysfunction. Although there is no cure, many disabling symptoms can be ameliorated. Baclofen is the treatment of choice for spasticity and is usually given in doses of 30 to 80 mg/day, although higher doses may be used. Bladder symptoms in multiple sclerosis generally fall into the categories of failure to store, failure to empty, and mixed types. Most patients can be managed after obtaining a urine culture and sensitivity and post-voiding residua…