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Modified Atlantoaxial Arthrodesis Technique for Atlantoaxial Instability via Intraarticular Autografting Using Structural Iliac Bone: Technical Nuances and Case Series.

OBJECTIVE: The present study described a modified technique of atlantoaxial arthrodesis in patients with atlantoaxial instability (AAI) along with the postoperative clinical and radiological results. METHODS: Five patients underwent this method for their AAI concurrent with C1 arch hypoplasia and/or the development of odontoid pannus causing myelopathy. After thorough exposure of the posterior surface of the C1-2 complex, the bilateral C2 nerve roots were sectioned to allow for easier access to the C1/2 facet joints. To prepare a suitable grafting bed, the C1/2 facet capsule was opened, and t…

Cellular crosstalk and signaling networks in the rheumatoid arthritis synovial microenvironment.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation, pannus formation, and progressive cartilage and bone destruction. Within the RA synovial microenvironment, resident synoviocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, adipocytes, vascular-associated cells, and diverse immune cell populations form a dynamic interaction network through direct contact and paracrine mediators, including cytokines, chemokines, complement components, and extracellular vesicles. This review summarizes how these cellular interactions drive RA along a pathological continuu…

A novel decellularization protocol with cryopreservation of pulmonary allografts in an ovine model.

OBJECTIVES: Pulmonary allografts are commonly used for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction. Cryopreserved allografts may develop … = 0.16). Overall, decellularized tissues were smooth and supple. Cryopreserved allografts developed pannus formation and pronounced subvalvular calcifications. Some grafts in both groups showed luminal fibrin thrombi, calcified in cryopreserved grafts. Histologically, cryopreserved tissues contained more inflammatory cells. Decellularized grafts had lowe …

Генетическое или терапевтическое нарушение траектории подачи сигналов Reelin/Apoer2 улучшает воспалительные результаты артрита.

Ремутатоидный артрит (RA) — хроническое аутоиммунное заболевание, характеризующееся синновальным воспалением, образованием паннуса и постепенным совместным разрушением. Вспыльчивая среда в RA приводит к активации эндотелиальных клеток и к повышению регулирования молекул сцепления, что облегчает проникновение лейкоцитов в синовый. Релин, циркулирующий гликопротеин, ранее связанный с активацией эндотели и вербовкой лейкоцитов для лечения таких заболеваний, как атеросклероз и множественный склероз, стал потенциальным регулятором этих процессов. Однако его роль в патогенезе РА остается слабой. Зде

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation, pannus formation, and progressive joint destruction. The inflammatory milieu in RA drives endothelial cell activation and upregulation of adhesion molecules, thus facilitating leukocyte infiltration into the synovium. Reelin, a circulating glycoprotein previousl…

Macroscopic and microscopic features of surgically explanted transcatheter aortic valve prostheses.

OBJECTIVES: With the extended indications of transcatheter aortic valve (TAV) replacement (TAVR) to lower-risk patients, there is an increas … nd in 15 patients. Pathology analyses on these valves showed fibro-calcific degenerations (n = 12), pannus formation (n = 9), and chronic inflammation (n = 3). One patient (4.8%) died after surgical explantation, and 13 (61.9%) had concomitant procedures. The survival rate at 1 year was 94.4%. CONCLUSIONS: Microscopic findings of fibro-calcific leaflet …

Altered Signaling Pathways in Aniridia-Related Keratopathy.

PURPOSE: To study the Notch1, Wnt/beta-catenin, sonic hedgehog (SHH), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) cell signaling pathways in na … presented signs of conjunctivalization and analogous signaling pathway changes in the subepithelial pannus and epithelium, with decreased detection of the Notch1 signaling pathway and an increased presence of the Notch1 inhibitors Numb and Dlk1. Increased detections of Wnt/beta-catenin (enhanced presence of Wnt5a, Wnt7a, and beta-catenin), SHH (detection …

Mid-term outcomes of mechanical pulmonary valve replacement: a single-institutional experience of 396 patients.

OBJECTIVES: Previous small-sized studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of mechanical pulmonary valve replacement (mPVR) in patie … ian of follow-up was 36 months (24-49 months). Prosthetic valve malfunction caused by thrombosis or pannus formation developed in 12.1% of patients during follow-up period. Reoperation was performed in 7 cases with pannus formation and 6 cases with mechanical valve thrombosis. Freedom from reoperation at 1, 5, and 10 years was 99%, 97%, and 96%, respecti …

Cervical spine involvement early in the course of rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVES: Cervical spine involvement in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is considered a feature of long-standing disease. We describe two patients who presented with cervical symptoms as early features of RA. METHODS: We report two RA cases with cervical spine involvement as early features and use MEDLINE to review the literature concerning the frequency and disease duration of this manifestation and its imaging with plain radiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS: An 80-year-old man with cervical myelopathy from a C1-C2 rheumatoid pannus underwent deco…

Bioprosthesis valve replacement in dogs with congenital tricuspid valve dysplasia: technique and outcome.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the surgical technique and report outcome of dogs undergoing bioprosthesis valve replacement for severe tricuspid reg … ) after surgery. Two dogs underwent euthanasia because of bioprosthesis failure due to inflammatory pannus at 10 and 13 months after surgery. Two dogs experienced valve thrombosis that was resolved by tissue plasminogen activator. One dog developed suspected endocarditis after surgery that was resolved with antibiotics. Serious cardiac complications incl …

Circulating immune complexes contain citrullinated fibrinogen in rheumatoid arthritis.

INTRODUCTION: There is increasing evidence that autoantibodies and immune complexes (ICs) contribute to synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis (R … aining demonstrated co-localisation of fibrinogen, immunoglobulin and complement component C3 in RA pannus tissue. Mass spectrometry analysis of immune complexes immunoprecipitated from RA pannus tissue lysates demonstrated the presence of citrullinated fibrinogen. CONCLUSION: Circulating ICs containing citrullinated fibrinogen are present in one-half o …

Mitral stenosis after mitral valve repair for non-rheumatic mitral regurgitation.

BACKGROUND: Mitral stenosis after mitral valve repair for non-rheumatic mitral regurgitation is rare. METHODS: From 1990 to 1999, 478 patie … mitral valve replacement and the etiology of the mitral stenosis was the same in all patients (ie, pannus overgrowth on the annuloplasty ring with extension onto both leaflets rendering them stiff and immobile). The fourth patient had a mitral valve area of 1.2 cm2, which was mildly symptomatic with normal pulmonary artery pressure, and this patient has …

Obstruction of mechanical heart valve prostheses: clinical aspects and surgical management.

One hundred patients (32 male) aged 5 months to 82 years (median 32 years) underwent 106 surgical procedures for 112 mechanical prosthetic valves obstructed by a thrombus (n = 61) or pannus (n = 7), or both (n = 44), between January 1, 1980 and December 31, 1989. The position of the obstructed prosthesis was aortic in 51 patients (48%), mitral in 49 (46%) and both aortic and mitral in 6 (6%). The types of obstructed prosthetic valves were Björk-Shiley (n = 51), St. Jude (n = 41) and Medtronic-Hall (n = 20). The time interval between valve replacement and obstruction ranged from 6 weeks to 13 y…

Sodium Amide Eye Injury: Eye Injury After Sodium Amide Explosion.

Alkaline chemical injuries are a common ocular trauma, with potentially devastating consequences. We report the initial 36-month course of healing of a 23-year-old male with bilateral partial chemical burns of the eyes from an industrial sodium amide explosion. To our knowledge, this is the first specific report of a case of ocular chemical injury with sodium amide. Persistent epithelial defects of cornea and conjunctiva, tissue melting, fibrovascular pannus, and symblepharon were consequences of this injury. Medical management, amniotic membrane application, and resection of fibrovascular tis…

Long-term morphological changes in a cryopreserved pulmonary valve homograft.

Pulmonary homografts (PHs) are frequently used to replace the native pulmonary valve in the Ross procedure, and in the reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract. The case of a 25-year-old man whose PH was replaced 12 years after undergoing the Ross procedure is reported. The clinical cause of the PH failure was stenosis. Morphological studies showed cusp tissue degeneration with tears and calcification, as well as pannus growth on the flow and nonflow surfaces of the cusps and the pulmonary artery graft. The durability of this PH was likely due to a combination of low pressure on t…

Expression of MHC class II antigens by conjunctival epithelial cells in trachoma: implications concerning the pathogenesis of blinding disease.

In an attempt to understand the pathogenesis of corneal changes and conjunctival scarring in trachoma, which are responsible for blindness in some 7 million people worldwide, the surface expression of major histocompatibility complex class II antigens on conjunctival epithelial cells was sought in patients with different clinical features of the disease. Class II expression was significantly associated with active (inflammatory) trachoma, but an independent association with corneal pannus or conjunctival scarring could not be shown. Longitudinal data suggest that class II expression may anteda…

[Histopathology of bone and cartilage lesions in reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the knee. Apropos of 16 cases].

In 16 cases of reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the knee, the authors obtained by drill biopsy 29 bone samples from the epiphyseal and metaphyseal regions of the femur and tibia and 8 cartilagenous samples (including 6 by arthrotomy and 2 after patellectomy). They noted thinning of the cortical bone, lacunae of cortical reabsorption, rarefaction of the trabeculae, of which some were dead, stasis and fibrosis of the bone marrow. The 8 cartilage samples were pathological, with, in particular, fibrosis of the surface cartilage (vascular pannus formation). The association of chondromalacia of the p…

Lysyl oxidase exacerbates rheumatoid arthritis through promoting angiogenesis and the proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by synovial hyperplasia and pannus formation, which serves as its primary pathological feature and may ultimately result in joint deformities. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is involved in the formation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix, but its role in RA is not yet clear. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of lysyl oxidase (LOX) in synovial hyperplasia and pannus formation associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Synovial, serum, and synovial fluid samples are collected from RA, osteoarthritis (OA), and knee injury p…

The degenerated glenohumeral joint.

AIMS: This study aimed to define the histopathology of degenerated humeral head cartilage and synovial inflammation of the glenohumeral join … Cartilage degeneration of the humeral head was associated with the histological presentation of: 1) pannus overgrowing the cartilage surface; 2) pores in the subchondral bone plate; and 3) chondrocyte clusters in OmA patients. In contrast, hyperplasia of the synovial lining layer was revealed as a significant indicator of inflammatory processes predomina …

New Insights for RANKL as a Proinflammatory Modulator in Modeled Inflammatory Arthritis.

Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), a member of the Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) superfamily, constitutes the master regu … could not compensate for RANKL-mediated osteopetrosis, but promoted osteoclastogenesis between the pannus and bone interface, suggesting RANKL-independent mechanisms of osteoclastogenesis in inflamed joints. On the other hand, simultaneous overexpression of RANKL and TNF in double transgenic mice accelerated disease onset and led to severe arthritis cha …

Results of autopsy 7 months after successful endoluminal treatment of an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm.

PURPOSE: To report the results of a postmortem examination in a patient who died of unrelated causes 7 months following endoluminal treatmen … irculation and was incorporated into the aortic wall at the proximal neck and distal cuff. A smooth pannus of endothelial cells covered the proximal end of the endograft at the areas of contact with the aorta, while microscopic examination of the distal end of the graft revealed poorly formed, fibrinous pannus. The neointima deep to the endothelium consi …