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Комплексное исследование двустороннего взаимодействия между микробиомами человека и злокачественными заболеваниями крови и гематологическими условиями: акцент на новых терапевтических стратегиях.

Микробиота человека играет ключевую роль в поддержании хомостаза, регулируя иммунную реакцию, метаболизм и гематопоисис. Микробиальный дисбиоз все чаще ассоциируется с иммунной дисфункцией, воспалением и аномалиями костного мозга, которые могут привести к гематологическим заболеваниям. В настоящем обзоре резюмируются текущие данные о роли микробиота в нормальном гематопоисе и ее потенциальной причастности к доброкачественным и злокачественным гематологическим расстройствам.МЕТОДЫ: Обзор описательной литературы был проведен на основе всестороннего поиска основных научных баз данных без временны

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… The enzyme bile salt hydrolase (BSH)—which is produced by the gut microbiota—is involved in this process by deconjugating bile acids bound to glycine and taurine, resulting in the release of free bile acids. …

Ionic Plasticity: Common Mechanistic Underpinnings of Pathology in Spinal Cord Injury and the Brain.

The neurotransmitter GABA is normally characterized as having an inhibitory effect on neural activity in the adult central nervous system (CNS), which quells over-excitation and limits neural plasticity. Spinal cord injury (SCI) can bring about a modification that weakens the inhibitory effect of GABA in the central gray caudal to injury. This change is linked to the downregulation of the potassium/chloride cotransporter (KCC2) and the consequent rise in intracellular Cl- in the postsynaptic neuron. As the intracellular concentration increases, the inward flow of Cl- through an ionotropic GABA

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… NKCC1 and KCC2 activity is further regulated by phosphorylation through numerous enzymes whose activity can be modulated by top-down signaling; hormones, such as estrogen, oxytocin, and taurine; and other signals [ 20 , 21 ]. …

Using ncRNAs as Tools in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment-The Way towards Personalized Medicine to Improve Patients' Health.

Although the first discovery of a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) dates back to 1958, only in recent years has the complexity of the transcriptome started to be elucidated. However, its components are still under investigation and their identification is one of the challenges that scientists are presently facing. In addition, their function is still far from being fully understood. The non-coding portion of the genome is indeed the largest, both quantitatively and qualitatively. A large fraction of these ncRNAs have a regulatory role either in coding mRNAs or in other ncRNAs, creating an intracellular

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… A combined treatment of curcumin; piperine; and taurine alters the circulating levels of IL-10 and miR-21 in hepatocellular carcinoma patients, a pilot study J. Gastrointest. Oncol. 2019 10 766 776 10.21037/jgo.2019.03.07 31392057 PMC6657326 114. Xue L. Tao Y. Yuan Y. Qu W. Wang W. …

Amino acid metabolism in immune cells: essential regulators of the effector functions, and promising opportunities to enhance cancer immunotherapy.

Amino acids are basic nutrients for immune cells during organ development, tissue homeostasis, and the immune response. Regarding metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment, dysregulation of amino acid consumption in immune cells is an important underlying mechanism leading to impaired anti-tumor immunity. Emerging studies have revealed that altered amino acid metabolism is tightly linked to tumor outgrowth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance through governing the fate of various immune cells. During these processes, the concentration of free amino acids, their membrane bound tr

Ammonium metabolism rewiring in the prostate cancer microenvironment: Mechanisms and clinical prospects.

Ammonium metabolism represents a critically understudied yet pivotal driver of prostate tumorigenesis and tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling. The interplay between tumor metabolic reprogramming and the tumor microenvironment has emerged as a critical frontier in oncology research. While previous studies on prostate cancer metabolism have predominantly focused on lipid metabolism and the Warburg effect, the role of ammonium metabolism, particularly the urea cycle in tumor immune regulation remains insufficiently explored. This metabolic reprogramming constitutes a central node connecting c

2020 ACVIM Forum On Demand Research Abstract Program.

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Immune reprogramming in the bone marrow microenvironment: a new perspective on the bone immune microenvironment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Research on postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP), a common bone metabolic disease, has traditionally focused on bone loss and imbalance in bone remodeling. However, with the development of bone immunology, the complex interactions between immune cells and bone cells in the bone marrow microenvironment have gradually been revealed, and "immune reprogramming" is considered a key factor driving the persistent bone loss in PMOP. Current evidence indicates that the postmenopausal bone marrow microenvironment undergoes significant structural and functional changes. These changes are characterized by a

Advances in nanomaterial-mediated CRISPR/Cas delivery: from lipid nanoparticles to vesicle-derived systems.

Gene and genome editing therapies are increasingly connected with nanomaterials, which protect and transport fragile nucleic acids and CRISPR/Cas systems through biological barriers safely and accurately. This review discusses how different nanocarriers, including lipid-based, polymeric, inorganic, and vesicle-derived systems, can improve delivery efficiency, cell targeting, endosomal escape, and intracellular movement for gene and genome editing. It summarizes findings from early clinical and preclinical studies, comparing several carrier types such as ionizable lipid nanoparticles, polymeric

Biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic attributes to drive nanoformulations of small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Buoyed by the discovery of small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (smTKIs), significant impact has been made in cancer chemotherapeutics. However, some of these agents still encounter off-target toxicities and suboptimal efficacies due to their inferior biopharmaceutical and/or pharmacokinetic properties. Almost all of these molecules exhibit significant inter- and intra-patient variations in plasma concentration-time profiles. Thus, therapeutic drug monitoring, dose adjustments and precision medicine are being contemplated by clinicians. Complex formulations or nanoformulation-based drug d

A Systematic Review of Laser Photobiomodulation Dosimetry and Treatment Protocols in the Management of Medications-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws: A Rationalised Consensus for Future Randomised Controlled Clinical Trials.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a debilitating adverse effect of bisphosphates, antiresorptive therapy or antiangiogenic agents that can potentially increase oxidative stress, leading to progressive osteonecrosis of the jaws. Despite the large number of published systematic reviews, there is a lack of potential MRONJ treatment protocols utilising photobiomodulation (PBM) as a single or adjunct therapy for preventive or therapeutic oncology or non-oncology cohort. Hence, this systematic review aimed to evaluate PBM laser efficacy and its dosimetry as a monotherapy or comb

Cobalamin deficiency, hyperhomocysteinemia, and dementia.

IntroductionAlthough consensus guidelines recommend checking serum B12 in patients with dementia, clinicians are often faced with various questions: (1) Which patients should be tested? (2) What test should be ordered? (3) How are inferences made from such testing? (4) In addition to serum B12, should other tests be ordered? (5) Is B12 deficiency compatible with dementia of the Alzheimer's type? (6) What is to be expected from treatment? (7) How is B12 deficiency treated?MethodsOn January 31st, 2009, a Medline search was performed revealing 1,627 citations related to cobalamin deficiency, hype

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… Cysteine is a nonessential amino acid used in the biosynthesis of proteins, glutathione, coenzyme A, taurine, and inorganic sulfur. Glutathione is an antioxidant that protects cells from ROS. …

Всемирный конгресс по болезням остеопороза, остеоартрита и мускулоскелета 2025).

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Colorectal Cancer at the Crossroads: The Good, the Bad, and the Future of Platinum-Based Drugs.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health challenge, ranking third in incidence and second in mortality among cancers worldwide. This review addresses the complex landscape of CRC, focusing on incidence, mortality trends, preventive strategies, and the evolving therapeutic approaches, particularly highlighting the role of platinum-based drugs like oxaliplatin (OXP). It also underscores the increasing burden of CRC, with factors such as westernized diets, aging populations, and genetic predispositions contributing to its prevalence. Therapeutically, early detection greatly enh

The sirtuin family in health and disease.

Sirtuins (SIRTs) are nicotine adenine dinucleotide(+)-dependent histone deacetylases regulating critical signaling pathways in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and are involved in numerous biological processes. Currently, seven mammalian homologs of yeast Sir2 named SIRT1 to SIRT7 have been identified. Increasing evidence has suggested the vital roles of seven members of the SIRT family in health and disease conditions. Notably, this protein family plays a variety of important roles in cellular biology such as inflammation, metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, etc., thus, it is considered a

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… N-acetyltransferase 10, NMNAT1 nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1, Notch‑1 Notch homolog 1, OPA1 optic atrophy 1, p53 tumor protein p53, PINK PTEN induced putative kinase, PLIN5 perilipin 5, PTEN phosphatase and tensin homolog, SQSTM1/p62 sequestosome 1, TFEB transcription factor EB, TUG1 taurine-upregulated … N-acetyltransferase 10, NMNAT1 nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1, Notch‑1 Notch homolog 1, OPA1 optic atrophy 1, p53 tumor protein p53, PINK PTEN induced putative kinase, PLIN5 perilipin 5, PTEN phosphatase and tensin homolog, SQSTM1/p62 sequestosome 1, TFEB transcription factor EB, TUG1 taurine-upregulated …

Brazilian Nutritional Consensus in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Adults.

The nutritional status of patients submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplant is considered an independent risk factor, which may influence on quality of life and tolerance to the proposed treatment. The impairment of nutritional status during hematopoietic stem cell transplant occurs mainly due to the adverse effects resulting from conditioning to which the patient is subjected. Therefore, adequate nutritional evaluation and follow-up during hematopoietic stem cell transplant are essential. To emphasize the importance of nutritional status and body composition during treatment, as well a

Навигатор биомаркеров человека.

Биомаркеры играют ключевую роль в современных исследованиях медицины, особенно в ранней диагностике заболеваний и персонализированном лечении. Несмотря на то, что предыдущие исследования систематически обзоры маркеров в различных областях заболеваний, интегрированная система, которая связывает основные физиологические системы, охватывает множество органов и охватывает широкий спектр заболеваний, все еще отсутствует. В контексте современных вызовов здоровья, характеризующихся высокой распространенностью хронических заболеваний и широкими сопутствующими заболеваниями, создание панорамной системы

Резюме докладов 51st Конференция Европейского общества генетики человека: плакаты

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Natural anti-cancer products: insights from herbal medicine.

Herbal medicine exhibits a broad spectrum of potent anti-cancer properties, including the enhancement of tumor immune responses, reversal of multidrug resistance, regulation of autophagy and ferroptosis, as well as anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-metastatic effects. This review systematically explores recent advances (primarily documented since 2019) in research on key anti-cancer compounds derived from herbal medicine, such as apigenin, artemisinin, berberine, curcumin, emodin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), ginsenosides, icariin, resveratrol, silibinin, triptolide, and ursolic

Exploring the promising potential of induced pluripotent stem cells in cancer research and therapy.

The advent of iPSCs has brought about a significant transformation in stem cell research, opening up promising avenues for advancing cancer treatment. The formation of cancer is a multifaceted process influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. iPSCs offer a distinctive platform for investigating the origin of cancer, paving the way for novel approaches to cancer treatment, drug testing, and tailored medical interventions. This review article will provide an overview of the science behind iPSCs, the current limitations and challenges in iPSC-based cancer therapy, the ethical

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