Результаты поиска

Серологическое обследование по вопросу об иммунитете от полиомиелита у детей и подростков, проживающих в пограничном районе, Апулия (южная Италия).

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: В 1988 году Всемирная ассамблея здравоохранения приняла цель искоренения полиомиелита путем регулярной иммунизации с использованием пероральной полиомиелитной вакцины (ОВП). 21 июня 2002 года Европейский регион ВОЗ был объявлен свободным от полиомиелита. В 2008 году полиомиелит по-прежнему был эндемичным в 4 странах (Нигерия, Индия, Пакистан и Афганистан), где в 2007 году было зарегистрировано 1201 новое заболевание; было также зарегистрировано 107 отдельных случаев заболевания полиомиелитом в странах, где полиомиелит не является эндемичным. Цель этой работы заключалась

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: In 1988 the World Health Assembly adopted the goal to eradicate poliomyelitis by routine immunization using Oral Polio Vaccine ( … equential schedule IPV-OPV and of the schedule all-IPV. Apulia region has to face daily arrivals of refugees and remains subject to the risk of the importation of poliovirus from endemic areas. Surveys aimed at determining anti-polio immunity in subpopulations as well as in the general population should be carried out.

[Pulmonary abscesses and bronchiectasis].

Both primary and secondary pulmonary abscesses are increasingly observed in thoracic surgery units. Primary pulmonary abscesses are related … age or surgical resection may be indicated. Bronchiectasis is also increasingly seen, especially in refugees and immigrants. The disease is characterised by chronic dilatation of bronchi with paroxysmal cough, mucopurulent secretion and recurrent pulmonary infections. Bronchiectasis is most commonly caused by recurrent bronchial infections during childhood …

Correlates of alcohol use among internally displaced adults in Northern Cross River, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Forced displacement is high globally as populations are increasingly displaced by conflicts and disasters. Substance misuse is increasingly recognized as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in displaced populations. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the correlates of alcohol misuse among internally displaced adults in Northern Cross River, Nigeria. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ogoja displacement settlements. Three-hundred and thirty-five displaced adults were selected using snowball sampling method. Alcohol dependence was measured using the int

Anxiety and Depression Among Internally Displaced Persons in North Central Nigeria: Prevalence, Correlates, and Policy Implications.

INTRODUCTION: Internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Nigeria face disproportionate mental health problems, yet rigorously designed epidemiological evidence in urban camps remains limited. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 264 IDPs across 2 Abuja camps (Durumi and Wassa) employing culturally adapted Hausa and English versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 to assess anxiety and depression prevalence, severity, and correlates. RESULTS: Moderate-to-severe symptoms affected 18.9% of participants for depression and 17.4% for anxiety. Multivariable anal

Cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis infection screening and treatment among high-tuberculosis risk immigrants and asylum seekers in The Netherlands: A cohort modelling study.

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of TB infection (TBI) screening and TB preventive treatment (TPT) for immigrants, asylum seekers, and settled migrants in The Netherlands. METHODS: We used a deterministic cohort model that captures the natural history of TBI and TB disease for a migrant cohort in the country of origin (pre-entry) and in The Netherlands (post-entry). We fitted the pre-entry force of infection to Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) positivity rates from an implementation pilot study, and chest X-ray (CXR) positivity from the national entry-screening programme.

Depression, Anxiety, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and a History of Pervasive Gender-Based Violence Among Women Asylum Seekers Who Have Undergone Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Retrospective Case Review.

We sought to evaluate the frequency of anxiety, depression, PTSD, and any experiences of violence in women who had undergone Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) and were seeking asylum in the United States. We undertook a retrospective qualitative descriptive study of FGM/C cases seen in an asylum clinic over a 2-year period. Standardized questionnaires provided quantitative scores for anxiety, depression and PTSD. Clients' personal and physician medical affidavits were analyzed for experiences of violence. Of the 13 cases, anxiety and depression were exhibited by 92 and 100% of women, w

Life on the margins: the experiences of sexual violence and exploitation among Eritrean asylum-seeking women in Israel.

BACKGROUND: Eritrean migrants in Israel, the majority of whom are seeking asylum, have limited access to institutional support. While the temporary group protection granted to Eritreans by Israel ensures that they are not deported, it does not confer permanent legal status, nor does it allow access to the formal work sector. This study qualitatively explores how political and economic marginalization increases the risk of sexual and other forms of violence as well as the exploitation of Eritrean women asylum seekers living in Israel. METHODS: Twenty-five interviews with key informants, twelve

Community-based asylum seekers' use of primary health care services in Melbourne.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate primary health care service utilisation and health presentations among asylum seekers living in Melbourne. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective audit of files of people who attended three Melbourne asylum-seeker health clinics between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Rates of reasons for the encounter, diagnostic tests or investigations required, treatments prescribed and referrals. RESULTS: Data were collected from 998 consultations corresponding to 341 people. Eighty-eight per cent of visits involved people with no Medicare access, owing to their

Bayesian sample-size determination for inference on two binomial populations with no gold standard classifier.

We consider the impact of test properties on the required sample size for the Bayesian design problem for comparing two proportions with error-prone data. Specifically, we examine four cases: a single diagnostic test and two independent diagnostic tests, both when the test properties are identical across populations and when they differ. Interval-based and moment-based sample-size determination criteria are contrasted using Monte Carlo simulation methods. We consider an application in which Strongyloides infections are compared in two populations.

Paracetamol poisoning among immigrants in a department of hepatology.

INTRODUCTION: An increased incidence of suicides and suicidal behaviour among immigrants has been described in other countries. In Denmark, misuse of paracetamol is suspected in some foreign-born minority groups, although no data have been produced to substantiate this suspicion. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective study of the incidence of paracetamol poisoning in patients admitted to a specialised department of hepatology from 1994 to 1999 was carried out. RESULTS: Of a total of 580 patients, 56 (9.7%; 95%-confidence interval 7.2-12.1%) were immigrants, among whom a significant overrepresentation

Personal child health record and advice booklet programme in Tuzla, Bosnia Herzegovina.

Personal child health records, held by the parents, have potential advantages in times of civil disorder. Via health and community workers, 939 booklets (incorporating health records and health advice) were distributed to displaced and other families near Tuzla. Subsequently mothers were invited to bring their children for examination. Five hundred and seventy-one children with their booklets returned to the clinics. The survey revealed high rates of dental caries (305 cases), anaemia (36), and scabies (20). The war had not affected the duration of breast feeding, and the children's nutrition

Prevalence and factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder among internally displaced populations due to gang violence in Haiti.

BACKGROUND: Since 2018, escalating armed gang violence in Haiti has caused thousands of deaths and kidnappings, the collapse of essential services, and the internal displacement of over 1.3 million people. This study documents the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and associated factors among internally displaced people due to armed gang violence, providing essential evidence to inform clinical care and guide targeted humanitarian and mental health interventions. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 1541 internally displaced adults (mean age=36.4, 60

Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding antibiotic use among internally displaced persons in conflict-affected Syria.

BACKGROUND: Evidence on antibiotic use among internally displaced persons in conflict-affected Northwest Syria remains scarce. AIM: To assess knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding antibiotic use among internally displaced persons in Northwest Syria. METHODS: We collected data from 630 individuals, aged ≥ 18 years, living in 12 internally displaced persons camps, in April 2022, through face-to-face interviews, using a WHO-validated questionnaire adapted for Syrian context. We analysed the data using SPSS version 26 and conducted univariate and multivariate logistic regression to assess

Vagal Nerve Biofeedback Intervention for Improving Health Outcomes Among Ukrainian Forced Migrants: A Proof-of-Concept Study.

BACKGROUND: The ongoing conflict in Ukraine has forced numerous migrants into neighboring countries, many suffering from pre-existing or newly acquired physical and mental health conditions. Addressing these complex challenges in humanitarian settings requires innovative, evidence-based interventions that are cost-effective and easy to administer. Drawing upon research highlighting the vagus nerve's role in regulating well-being, we hypothesized that vagal nerve activation could offer a promising therapeutic approach. METHOD: We conducted a proof-of-concept study in which 21 Ukrainian forced

Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among internally displaced persons in Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger: a cross-sectional study using respondent-driven sampling.

OBJECTIVES: Documenting evidence on global health strategies and programmes that provide safeguards for vulnerable populations and strengthen overall pandemic preparedness is essential. This study aimed to identify factors associated with adherence to COVID-19 mitigation measures, COVID-19-related symptoms and testing, as well as pandemic-related income loss among internally displaced persons (IDPs) in urban and remote areas of Burkina Faso, Niger and Mali. DESIGN: This cross-sectional study used fixed-site respondent-driven sampling (RDS). SETTING: Primary care settings across six urban and

The overlooked war in Northern Ethiopia: Examining psychological capital, mental distress, and post-traumatic stress disorder among internally displaced people in Amhara region.

BACKGROUND: Conflict-induced displacement is a greater risk factor for mental health challenges, especially in countries where people have limited access to mental health services. This study examined the prevalence of mental distress, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and their relationship with key demographic variables and psychological capital among conflict-induced Internally Displaced People (IDP) in the Wag-Hemra Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. METHODS: The study used a cross-sectional quantitative design, and simple random sampling was used to recruit 367 IDPs from the Weleh IDP c

HIV and hepatitis C Virus in internally displaced people with and without injection drug use experience in the region of Shida Kartli, Georgia.

OBJECTIVE: Internally displaced persons (IDPs) can have limited access to HIV and hepatitis C Virus (HCV) treatment and prevention. IDPs comprise > 7% of Georgian population but prevalence and levels of HIV and HCV knowledge in this population remain unknown. We tested 100 IDPs in Georgia for HIV and HCV, many of whom had drug injecting experience, and interviewed them about their migration experience, sexual and drug injecting practices, and HIV/HCV transmission knowledge. RESULTS: The average age of participants was 37.5 years (range 18-63); 31% were women. Almost half (N = 48) of participa

Gender-based violence and its associated factors among internally displaced women in Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Gender-based violence (GBV) is a common human right violence in conflict-affected communities. Women with GBV are prone to experience mental health problems such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety. However, there is a paucity of evidence as to what extent the problem is affecting internally displaced women (IDW) in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of GBV and its associated factors among IDW in Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among IDW residing at three humanitarian sites from May to June 2022 in Northwes