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Preoperative cardiac evaluation in elective non-cardiac surgery in India: Routine ECG, echocardiography, and angiography are not mandatory.

BACKGROUND: Preoperative cardiac testing aims to identify patients at risk of perioperative cardiovascular complications, but indiscriminate … assessment is available (Class IIa). In patients with poor or unknown functional capacity (<4 METs [metabolic equivalents]) facing high-risk surgery, further cardiac evaluation is warranted: Importantly, in the absence of symptoms or clinical risk factors, neither ECHO nor stress testing should be done routinely. Routine coronary angiography or CT angiography is not i …

A prospective study of male physical activity and fecundability.

STUDY QUESTION: To what extent is male physical activity (PA) associated with fecundability (per-cycle probability of conception)? SUMMARY … rs. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Average hours/week of vigorous PA, moderate PA, and total metabolic equivalents of task were generally inversely associated with fecundability in SF, but not PRESTO. While there was little association with bicycling overall in either cohort, we observed an inverse association for bicycling using a 'soft, comfort seat' (≥3 vs 0 …

Genotoxicity of 1,3-butadiene and its epoxy intermediates.

Current risk assessments of 1,3-butadiene (BD*) are complicated by limited evidence of its carcinogenicity in humans. Hence, there is a critical need to identify early events and factors that account for the heightened sensitivity of mice to BD-induced carcinogenesis and to deter-mine which animal model, mouse or rat, is the more useful surrogate of potency for predicting health effects in BD-exposed humans. HEI sponsored an earlier investigation of mutagenic responses in mice and rats exposed to BD, or to the racemic mixture of 1,2-epoxy-3-butene (BDO) or of 1,2,3,4-diepoxybutane (BDO2; Walke

Systematic review and economic analysis of the comparative effectiveness of different inhaled corticosteroids and their usage with long-acting beta2 agonists for the treatment of chronic asthma in children under the age of 12 years.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the clinical and cost-effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) alone and ICS used in combination with a long-acting beta2 agonist (LABA) in the treatment of chronic asthma in children aged under 12 years. DATA SOURCES: Major electronic bibliographic databases, e.g. MEDLINE and EMBASE, were searched up to February/March 2006 (and updated again in October 2006). REVIEW METHODS: A systematic review of clinical and cost-effectiveness studies and economic analyses were carried out. A flexible framework was used to allow different types of economic analyses as appropria

EXPERIMENTS ON THE EFFECTS OF INJECTION OF EGG-ALBUMEN AND SOME OTHER PROTEIDS.

THE CONCLUSIONS WHICH WE DERIVE FROM OUR OBSERVATIONS ARE AS FOLLOWS: 1. The excretion of injected, egg-albumen as such is in no case complete. The quantity retained varies from 23 to 100%. 2. The amount retained varies: a) directly with the slowness of absorption. This is determined by the manner of administration. b) directly with the time during which the proteid remains in the body; and therefore inversely to the rapidity of excretion. c) inversely to the quantity injected; this has however much less effect than (a) or (b). d) with individual peculiarities; but these are not very conspicuo

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Phenolphthalein (CAS No. 77-09-8) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies).

Phenolphthalein is used as a laboratory reagent and acid-base indicator and in over-the-counter laxative preparations. The National Cancer Institute nominated phenolphthalein for study because of its widespread use as a component in numerous laxative preparations and the lack of adequate testing for carcinogenicity in experimental animals. Male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice were exposed to phenolphthalein (98% to 99% pure) in feed for 14 days, 13 weeks, or 2 years. Genetic toxicology studies were conducted in Salmonella typhimurium, cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells, and mouse peri

The Black Book of Psychotropic Dosing and Monitoring.

Introduction Since the last edition of the Black Book, several innovative agents have been approved or are poised to be approved in the coming year. These include novel antidepressants, the first muscarine agonist for the treatment of schizophrenia, the first psychedelic which may be approved for the treatment of PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder), and the first disease modifying drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Three new antidepressants have come to the market in the past 18 months. The first of those, Auvelity, the combination of bupropion and dextromethorphan, takes advanta

Surgical treatment of pulmonary hydatidosis: six years of experience and results at the National Hospital Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru.

Liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) is a lipid-associated formulation of the broad-spectrum polyene antifungal agent amphotericin B. It is active against clinically relevant yeasts and moulds, including Candida spp., Aspergillus spp. and filamentous moulds such as Zygomycetes, and is approved for the treatment of invasive fungal infections in many countries worldwide. It was developed to improve the tolerability profile of amphotericin B deoxycholate, which was for many decades considered the gold standard of antifungal treatment, despite being associated with infusion-related events and nephr

Community wide interventions for increasing physical activity.

BACKGROUND: Multi-strategic community wide interventions for physical activity are increasingly popular but their ability to achieve populat … us (leisure time physical activity time (time spent)), walking (time spent), energy expenditure (as metabolic equivalents or METS)). For dichotomous measures we calculated the unadjusted and adjusted risk difference, and the unadjusted and adjusted relative risk. For continuous measures we calculated percentage change from baseline, unadjusted and adjusted. MAIN RESU …

Bisphosphonates for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Our studies showed that 5 mg alendronate per day was the lowest, most effective dose that persistently prevented bone loss in recently postmenopausal women with normal bone mass. The effect on bone mass and biochemical markers was found comparable to that of commonly recommended regimens of postmenopausal HRT, and 5 mg alendronate per day is suggested as a new option for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. HRT must, however, still be considered the first choice for this indication because of additional beneficial effects on other organ systems. The effect of alendronate was unaffected b

Electrical injuries. Biological values measurements as a prediction factor of local evolution in electrocutions lesions.

RATIONALE: Taking into account the incidence and the severity of electrocutions, we consider it extremely necessary to find effective, appropriate and particularized therapeutic solutions aimed at improving the survival, decreasing the mortality, ensuring a superior functional and aesthetic effect and facilitating the social reintegration. Given the severity of the general condition of the electrically injured patient and the fact that any worsening of the lesions has a systemic echo, the selection of the timing for re-excision is very important. The postponement of the surgical timing can bre

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Mirex (1,1a,2,2,3,3a,4,5,5,5a,5b,6-Dodecachlorooctahydro-1,3,4- metheno-1H-cyclouta[cd]pentalene) (CAS No. 2385-85-5) in F344/N Rats (Feed Studies).

Mirex (95% pure), formerly used a systemic insecticide and as a fire retardant, was studied for toxicologic and carcinogenic effects by administering diets containing 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10, 25, or 50 ppm mirex to groups of 52 F344/N rats of each sex for 104 weeks. Doses selected for the 2-year studies were based primarily on the effects on body weights and survival of rats in a 26-week study. During the first 6 months of the 2-year study, because of good survival and the absence of observable toxic effects in female rats, additional groups (termed second study) of 52 F344/N female rats were started

Effects of glucocorticoid replacement therapy in patients with pituitary disease: A new perspective for personalized replacement therapy.

Secondary adrenal insufficiency (SAI) is an endocrine disorder due to impaired secretion of ACTH resulting from any disease affecting the pituitary gland. Glucocorticoid replacement therapy is mandatory to ensure patient survival, haemodynamic stability, and quality of life. In fact, a correct dose adjustement is mandatory due to the fact that inappropriately low doses expose patients to hypoadrenal crisis, while inappropriately high doses contribute to glucose metabolic and cardiovascular deterioration. This review analyses the current evidence from available publications on the epidemiology

A case of recto-sigmoid endometriosis mimicking carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the technical success, safety and outcome of endovascular coiling procedure in intracranial aneurysms. METHODS: From April 2003 to April 2009, 43 patients (23 males and 20 females), age range 11 to 70 years, mean age 46.67 +/- 11.57 years were treated for intracranial aneurysms by detachable coil deployment at Radiology Department of Aga Khan University Hospital. Aneurysm rupture with subarachnoid haemorrhage was the cause of presentation in 39 patients while 4 patients were diagnosed with un-ruptured aneurysms. At time of presentation, grading of subarachnoid haemorrha

Exercise and cancer: a position statement from the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology.

Due to improvements in the number of cancer survivors and survival time, there is a growing interest in healthy behaviors, such as physical activity (PA), and their potential impact on cancer- and non-cancer-related morbidity in individuals with cancer. Commissioned by the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM), in this review, we sought to distill the most recent evidence on this topic, focusing on the mechanisms that underpin the effects of PA on cancer, the role of PA in cancer prevention and in the prognosis of cancer and practical recommendations for clinicians regarding PA counseling

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Finally, while a benefit was observed in men meeting current guidelines (17% risk reduction), the maximum benefit (32% risk reduction) was observed for PA ≥ 30 metabolic equivalents (MET)-hours/week, which is equivalent to 10 h or more of walking/week [ 72 ]. … equivalent Table 6 General challenges for patients without specialist counseling needs based on existing guidelines MET, metabolic equivalent Recommendation | Challenge | Intensity WHO/ACSM guidelines | 150 min per week 30 min/3 times “aerobic” exercise 30 min/2 times strength exercises | Moderate …

Hypothetical interventional effect of health behaviors for improving depression symptoms among patients diagnosed with cancer: a g-formula based study.

BackgroundDepressive symptoms are frequently reported among patients undergoing treatment for malignancies and among cancer survivors. However, treatment options for depression in this population remain limited due to significant side effects and suboptimal efficacy. These challenges underscore the urgent need for safe, well-tolerated, and effective strategies to alleviate depressive symptoms in individuals affected by cancer. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the hypothetical interventional effects of seven lifestyle factors on alleviating depressive symptoms in individuals currently or previou

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Physical activity To assess physical activity levels, the Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) was utilized to calculate the quantify of leisure-time physical activity for each participant. The questionnaire included questions regarding daily and leisure-time activities. … Abbreviations National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Mediterranean Diet Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Healthy Eating Index-2015 Randomized controlled trials Metabolic Equivalent of Task Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing Inverse probability …

Osteoporosis case ascertainment strategies in European and Asian countries: a comparative review.

While many clinical guidelines recommend screening for osteoporosis for early detection and treatment, there is great diversity in the case-finding strategies globally. We sought to compare case-finding strategies, focusing on the approaches used in European and Asian countries. This article provides an overview of the current case-finding strategies in the UK, Germany (including Austria and German-speaking regions of Switzerland), China, Japan, and Korea. We conducted a review of current treatment guidelines in each country and included expert opinions from key opinion leaders. Most countries

Отсутствие взаимодействия между 5α-сокращенные ингибиторы и глюкокортикоиды при инфаркте миокарда у людей с типом 2 Диабет.

Цели людей с типом 2 диабет сталкивается с повышенным кардиометаболическим риском, и как синтетические глюкокортикоиды, так и использование 5Ингибиторы α-редукции в индивидуальном порядке связаны с повышенным риском инфаркта миокарда. Мы проверили, не усугубляется ли рост риска в результате совместного назначения обоих лекарственных средств. Пациенты с типом 2 диабет в возрасте ≥ 40 годы получения 5α-редукционные ингибиторы или тамсулосин, которые пользовались системными глюкокортикоидами во время 2006-2021 были включены. Мы смоделировали совместный эффект 5Ингибиторы α-редуктазы и кумулятивно

Насколько жарко для людей? Обзор эмпирических моделей восприятия, физиологических и функциональных пределов допуска тепла человека.

Насколько жарко для людей? Этот вопрос заключается в том, что физиологи-термологи часто задаются различными пользователями знаний в государственном и частном секторах, которые все больше осознают негативное воздействие глобального потепления на здоровье и качество жизни людей. Цель настоящего документа заключается в том, чтобы представить описательный обзор моделей, позволяющих количественно определить пределы допуска к тепловому воздействию человека во всех областях восприятия, физиологии и функциональных областях. Существует несколько моделей, в которых определены критические экологические п

Quetiapine : A Review of its Use in Schizophrenia.

SYNOPSIS: Quetiapine, a dibenzothiazepine derivative, is one of several new 'atypical' antipsychotic agents. In preclinical studies, the drug was predicted to have antipsychotic efficacy and a low propensity to induce extrapyramidal effects. Quetiapine has been shown to be effective in the short term (up to 6 weeks) treatment of patients with schizophrenia in several large well designed trials. In general, clinical efficacy is dose related, with maximum effects occurring at a dosage ≥ 250 mg/day. Quetiapine is at least as effective as chlorpromazine and haloperidol, with similar between- treat