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Модерация нейроинфламмы в области питания при болезни Альцгеймера и слабом когнитивном расстройстве: систематический анализ клинических и предклинических данных.

Источник: Neuroinflammation — ключевой источник патогенеза болезни Альцгеймера (AD) и легкого когнитивного расстройства (MCI). Меры в области питания были предложены в качестве потенциальных модуляторов нейро-воспалительных путей; однако последовательность и сила имеющихся данных остаются неопределенными. В ходе этого систематического обзора была проведена оценка клинических и предклинических данных о воздействии мер в области питания на нейроэнфламационные механизмы, имеющие отношение к AD и MCI.MetodsPubMed/MedLINE, Embase, Scopus и Web of Science, систематически проводились исследования по

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… whose findings were not relevant to the biological pathways investigated in relation to AD/MCI Intervention | Dietary nutrients (e.g., omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, polyphenols, amino acids), nutrient supplementation, defined dietary patterns (e.g., ketogenic diet, Mediterranean diet), probiotics, prebiotics … Eligible interventions included specific nutrients (e.g., omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, polyphenols, amino acids), dietary supplementation, defined dietary patterns (e.g., ketogenic diet and Mediterranean diet), and nutritional approaches targeting the gut microbiota (e.g., probiotics, prebiotics, and …

Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Obesity-Linked Cancer Risk in EPIC.

ImportanceAdherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) has been associated with a lower incidence of cancer and reduced weight gain. These associations suggest a potential role for the MedDiet in lowering the risk of obesity-related cancers (ORCs). Obesity is a known risk factor for various cancers and shows an inverse association with MedDiet adherence.ObjectiveTo examine the association between adherence to the MedDiet and the risk of ORCs, considering the possible mediating role of adiposity.Design, setting, and participantsThis prospective cohort study analyzed data from the European Pros

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… Dietary fibres as “prebiotics”: implications for colorectal cancer. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2005;49(6):609-619. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200500015 43. Bosetti C, Pelucchi C, La Vecchia C. Diet and cancer in Mediterranean countries: carbohydrates and fats. …

Immunosenescence: signaling pathways, diseases and therapeutic targets.

Immunosenescence refers to the abnormal activation or dysfunction of the immune system as people age. Inflammaging is a typical pathological inflammatory state associated with immunosenescence and is characterized by excessive expression of proinflammatory cytokines in aged immune cells. Chronic inflammation contributes to a variety of age-related diseases, such as neurodegenerative disease, cancer, infectious disease, and autoimmune diseases. Although not fully understood, recent studies contribute greatly to uncovering the underlying mechanisms of immunosenescence at the molecular and cellul

Изменения в отношениях между Гутом и Микробиоме-хостом после неизлечимых переживаний у пациентов с множественным склерозом.

ИСТОРИЯ ВОПРОСА И ЦЕЛИ: Было продемонстрировано, что микробные симбионты гута оказывают влияние на развитие автономного иммунитета при множественном склерозе (МС). Появляющиеся исследования указывают на важную связь между микробным интерфейсом и патофизиологией MS. Ига-секретные клетки B наблюдаются в мозге MS, и изменения в кишечной бактерии-IgA были описаны в некоторых пациентах с MS. Однако связи между кишечным микробиомом и иммунной реакцией принимающей стороны, особенно в отношении иммуномодуляции, разрушающей клетки В, остаются недостаточно изученными. Цель этого исследования заключалась

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… Finally, animal models suggest that directly modulating the gut microbiota could have therapeutic benefits 17 ; but it remains to be seen whether strategies such as prebiotics, probiotics, or fecal microbial transplants will prove effective in the more complex clinical setting of MS. …

Oleocanthal as a Multifunctional Anti-Cancer Agent: Mechanistic Insights, Advanced Delivery Strategies, and Synergies for Precision Oncology.

Oleocanthal (OC), a secoiridoid phenolic compound exclusive to extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), has emerged as a promising nutraceutical with multifaceted anti-cancer properties. Despite its well-characterized anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, the mechanistic breadth and translational potential of OC in oncology remain underexplored and fragmented across the literature. This comprehensive review synthesizes and critically analyzes recent advances in the molecular, pharmacological, and translational landscape of OC's anti-cancer activities, providing an integrative framework to bridge pr

Lipocalin 2-not only a biomarker: a study of current literature and systematic findings of ongoing clinical trials.

Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), also known as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, is an innate immune protein encoded by the LCN2 gene. In this study, we investigated various roles and functions of Lcn2 characterized in a systems-based format and evaluated its therapeutic potentials and clinical relevance for diagnosis and prognosis. An additional systematic presentation was presented for 70 ongoing clinical trials utilizing Lcn2 in the diagnostic and prognostic setting as a key outcome measure. With trials being conducted through December 2030, Lcn2 will become all the more relevant given its ass

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… response in HRS-AKI; number of patients with non-response in HRS-AKI; change in cystatin C and neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin (NGAL) level; change in NT pro brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level; change in plasma renin activity level; change in galectin-3 level NCT04118010 | Vitamin D and Prebiotics … supplement: high-fiber diet intervention; dietary supplement: low-fiber diet intervention | Change in gut microbiota composition across study periods; change in gut microbiota CAZyme abundance across study periods; change in gut microbiota mucolytic enzyme activity across study periods NCT04428190 | Prebiotic …

Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production by Gut Microbiota Predicts Treatment Response in Multiple Myeloma.

PurposeThe gut microbiota plays important roles in health and disease. We questioned whether the gut microbiota and related metabolites are altered in monoclonal gammopathies and evaluated their potential role in multiple myeloma and its response to treatment.Experimental designWe used 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize and compare the gut microbiota of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (n = 11), smoldering multiple myeloma (n = 9), newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (n = 11), relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (n = 6), or with complete remission (n = 9). Short-

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… Indeed, our findings might open new horizons to ameliorate disease progression and poor response to treatment through the administration of prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics in patients with poor microbiota diversity. …

The Impact of NLRP3 Activation on Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) is an intracellular protein that after recognizing a broad spectrum of stressors, such as microbial motifs and endogenous danger signals, promotes the activation and release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, thus playing an essential role in the innate immune response. Several blood cell types, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), express NLRP3, where it has been implicated in various physiological and pathological processes. For example, NLRP3 participates in the development a

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… Microbiota Manipulation with Prebiotics and Probiotics in Patients Undergoing Stem Cell Transplantation. Curr. Hematol. Malig. Rep. 2016;11:19–28. doi: 10.1007/s11899-016-0302-9. 8. Huang Y., Xu W., Zhou R. NLRP3 inflammasome activation and cell death. Cell Mol. …

Inflammation and Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets.

Inflammation is a core pathological factor regulating tumor initiation, progression, and therapeutic resistance, and elucidating its molecular crosstalk with tumors is crucial for developing effective clinical therapies. Internal drivers of inflammation-tumor transformation include genomic disorder, epigenetic memory, mitochondrial stress, and metabolic reprogramming, which synergistically initiate carcinogenesis. External factors amplifying tumor progression cover immune dysfunction, stromal fibrosis, microbial dysbiosis, vascular neoplasia, and neurotoxicity, collectively accelerating tumor

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… inhibition induces fibroblast inflammatory phenotype; secretion of autocrine chemokines promotes fibrosis and resistance | IOA‐289 synergizes with galunisertib to restore gemcitabine sensitivity; prolonged survival in mice | [ 163 ] | | NCT02843425 | None | Patients with colorectal tumor history | Prebiotics …

Targeting B cells in IgA nephropathy: from pathogenic insight to therapeutic horizon.

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) remains the most common primary glomerulonephritis globally. Advances in mucosal immunology have illuminated the role of dysregulated B cell activity, galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) and Gd-IgA1-specific antibody formation in driving disease pathogenesis. Therapeutic targeting of the mucosal immune system and, more specifically, B cell survival and differentiation pathways have entered late-stage development, offering a mechanistically guided approach to disease modification. Targeting of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue of the terminal ileum, B cell ac

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… An emerging but less-explored avenue involves the gut–microbiota–IgA axis, where modulation through prebiotics or mucosal-targeted vaccines may offer a novel adjunct to systemic immune therapies [ 66 , 67 ]. Looking further ahead, the field is beginning to consider more transformative approaches. …

Effects of Carbon Nanomaterials and Aloe vera on Melanomas-Where Are We? Recent Updates.

Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer that affects approximately 140,000 people worldwide each year, with a high fatality rate. Available treatment modalities show limited efficacy in more severe cases. Hence, the search for new treatment modalities, including immunotherapies, for curing, mitigating, and/or preventing cancer is important and urgently needed. Carbon nanoparticles associated with some plant materials, such as Aloe vera, have shown appealing antineoplastic activity, derived mainly from the compounds aloin, aloe-emodin, barbaloin acemannan, and octapeptide, thus representing new p

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… Compound Type | Substance | Chemical Formula | Activities [Reference] Carbohydrates | Acemannan | C 66 H 100 NO 49 | Skin protection, antimicrobial activity, prebiotics, protection against digestive diseases, and immunomodulation [ 45 ] Anthraquinones/ Anthrones | Aloe-emodin | C 15 H 10 O 5 | Antidiabetic … effects, antimelanoma, bone protective, cardioprotective, antitumor, antimicrobial, and prebiotic activities [ 47 ] Anthraquinones/ Anthrones | Aloin | C 21 H 22 O 9 | Bone protection, skin protection, digestive system, antidiabetic effects, antitumor effects, anti-inflammatory effects, and laxative …

Supporting the gastrointestinal microenvironment during high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation by inhibiting IL-1 signaling with anakinra.

High-dose chemotherapy causes intestinal inflammation and subsequent breakdown of the mucosal barrier, permitting translocation of enteric pathogens, clinically manifesting as fever. Antibiotics are mainstay for controlling these complications, however, they are increasingly recognized for their detrimental effects, including antimicrobial resistance and dysbiosis. Here, we show that mucosal barrier injury induced by the mucotoxic chemotherapeutic agent, high-dose melphalan (HDM), is characterized by hyper-active IL-1b/CXCL1/neutrophil signaling. Inhibition of this pathway with IL-1RA, anakinr

The Inclusion of Dietary and Medicinal Mushrooms into Translational Oncology: Pros and Cons at the Molecular Level.

Mushrooms are valued for their nutritional qualities and have been used in traditional medicine since the Neolithic era. They exhibit various bioactivities, including antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic, immunomodulatory, and anticancer effects. The anticancer effects arise via direct action on tumor cells and indirect modulation of the immune system; the latter is the predominant mechanism. Numerous studies indicate that various mushroom species are potent immunostimulants because their cell wall polysaccharides and proteoglycans are recognized by intestinal immune cells. This enhances antitumor

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… A substantial body of research has demonstrated that mushroom polysaccharides have a prebiotic effect and modulate intestinal flora upon reaching the colon. … against colon cancer cells; G0/G1 cell cycle arrest associated with the modulation of p16/cyclin D1/CDK4-6/pRb pathway | [ 116 ] Polysaccharides from 53 wild-growing mushrooms | In vitro | Several Lactobacillus strains | The stronger stimulation of Lactobacillus growth than by commercially available prebiotics …

The Gut Microbiota in Hematologic Malignancies: Mechanisms, Clinical Associations, and Translational Opportunities.

Hematologic malignancies arise and progress within a systemic ecosystem in which the gut microbiota is an increasingly recognized, partially modifiable component. Across acute leukemias, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, plasma cell disorders, lymphomas, and clonal myeloid neoplasms, human studies consistently report reduced microbial diversity, depletion of barrier-supportive, short-chain fatty acid-producing commensals, and enrichment of Gram-negative, pro-inflammatory, or hospital-adapted taxa. These alterations are associated with pre-leukemic clonal expansion, adverse genetic and immunologica

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… Routine administration of over-the-counter probiotics or non-targeted prebiotics to neutropenic or transplanted patients cannot be recommended, given limited efficacy and documented probiotic-associated sepsis [ 75 , 76 ]. …

Нейрозащитный и терапевтический потенциал ресвератрола для травм спинного мозга: систематический обзор.

Травматические травмы спинного мозга являются частыми повреждениями CNS, которые происходят в таких обстоятельствах, как падение или несчастные случаи. Травматические травмы спинного мозга чаще встречаются в более старшей возрастной группе и у мужчин, причем высокая заболеваемость и распространенность этого заболевания объясняются отсутствием эффективного фармакологического или нейрохирургического лечения. Травматический СКИ может быть отнесен к категории первичных или вторичных травм, которые в конечном счете могут привести к смерти или физической зависимости. Resveratrol - это экстракт из по

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… Microbiome-targeted interventions, including probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal transplants, show promise in preclinical studies for modulating short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, microglial polarization, and maintaining barrier integrity [ 15 ]. …

Естественные модули вкуса и микробиомеозная поддержка в области питания для иммунотерапии-ассоциированной дисгеусии: перевод для оказания помощи в лечении рака.

Дисгейсия является клинической, но по-прежнему недостаточно стандартизированной токсичностью для лечения рака. В эпоху иммунотерапии расстройства вкуса становятся все более актуальными для пациентов, получающих ингибиторы на иммунных контрольно-пропускных пунктах, химерик антигенные рецепторы (CAR) T-клеток и T-перенаправленные антитела, с группой G-белковых рецепторов C 5 - лечение в множестве миэлома, осуществляемое под руководством члена D (GPRC5D), представляет собой особенно поучительную модель с высокой нагрузкой. Мы провели структурированный критический обзор с картированием доказательс

Short-chain fatty acids in the tumor microenvironment: from molecular mechanisms to cancer therapy.

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetate, propionate, and butyrate, serve as pivotal metabolites within the tumor microenvironment (TME), playing essential roles in modulating tumor progression. Although the biological functions and mechanisms of SCFAs in the TME show some overlap, each SCFA also exerts some distinct regulatory effects on tumors and TME. Notably, even a single SCFA may exhibit pleiotropic effects across different cancer types or under varying conditions within the same malignancy. Consequently, according to the different metabolic microenvironment of patients, precis

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… In CRC patients, oral administration of SCFA-producing probiotics or prebiotics-encapsulated probiotic spores can modulate the gut microbiota, increase the abundance of beneficial microorganisms, and significantly reduce the abundance of pathogenic microbes associated with CRC, highlighting the potential …

Следует ли улучшить сопоставление между рационами питания?

Питание считается возможным кофактором, который влияет на иммунную систему и потенциально вызывает дисрегулирование кишечного гомеостаза и воспаления. Цель этого исследования заключалась в анализе качества данных о воздействии конкретного состава рациона питания на симптомы иммунопосредованных подстрекательских заболеваний (ИМИД), включая ревматоидный артрит (RA), спондилоартрит, множественный склероз (MS), воспалительный кишечник (IBD) [восстановление болезни Крона и язвительный колит], псориоз и псориатический артрит у взрослых пациентов. Мы провели обзор метаанализов и систематических обзор

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… However, after symptom improvement with a low-FODMAP diet, the diet should be modified because it eliminates some prebiotics that can damage the IM [ 90 ]. …

Indian Ayurvedic medicine: Overview and application to brain cancer.

Ayurveda is the traditional medicine system of India, and has been in practice for millennia. It is a traditional approach that uses 1000's of different plant preparations in various combinations for treatment of human ailments, including cancer. Ethnopharmacological and phytochemical analyses are now elucidating the bioactive constituents of the different plant species and herbal formulations, including ashwagandha, curcumin, guduchi, triphala, and others. To provide an overview of: 1) the ethnopharmacology of Ayurveda and several of its most important plant species and formulations, includin

Mushroom Polysaccharide-Assisted Anticarcinogenic Mycotherapy: Reviewing Its Clinical Trials.

Of the biologically active components, polysaccharides play a crucial role of high medical and pharmaceutical significance. Mushrooms have existed for a long time, dating back to the time of the Ancient Egypt and continue to be well explored globally and experimented with in research as well as in national and international cuisines. Mushroom polysaccharides have slowly become valuable sources of nutraceuticals which have been able to treat various diseases and disorders in humans. The application of mushroom polysaccharides for anticancer mycotherapy is what is being reviewed herein. The wide