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Osteoporosis: Current and Emerging Therapies Targeted to Immunological Checkpoints.

Osteoporosis is a skeletal pathology characterized by compromised bone strength leading to increased risk of fracture, mainly the spine and hip fractures. Osteoporosis affects more than 200 million people worldwide and because of the skeletal fractures it causes, represents a major cause of morbidity, disability and mortality in older people. Recently, the new discoveries of osteoimmunology have clarified many of the pathogenetic mechanisms of osteoporosis, helping to identify new immunological targets for its treatment opening the way for new and effective therapies with biological drugs. Cur

Приоритеты пациентов, врачей и исследователей в отношении важных результатов в множестве миеломы: исследование смешанных методов.

Исследования в области миеломы во все большей степени основываются на суррогатных конечных точках для ускорения утверждения, однако они могут не отражать приоритеты пациентов. Мы провели исследование по смешанным методам для определения результатов, оцениваемых пациентами и врачами, и их сопоставления с конечными точками, используемыми в выборочных контролируемых испытаниях (РСТ). Собеседования с 10 пациентов и пациентов 6 Клиники определили приоритеты в области лечения, которые вместе с конечными точками на основе систематического обзора миэломных РСТ, информированных специализированных обсле

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… Doctors and patients don't agree: cross sectional study of patients' and doctors' perceptions and assessments of disability in multiple sclerosis . …

Metabolomic Profiling in the Characterization of Degenerative Bone and Joint Diseases.

Osteoarthritis and inflammatory arthropathies are a cause of significant morbidity globally. New research elucidating the metabolic derangements associated with a variety of bone and joint disorders implicates various local and systemic metabolites, which further elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with these destructive disease processes. In osteoarthritis, atty acid metabolism has been implicated in disease development, both locally and systemically. Several series of rheumatoid arthritis patients have demonstrated overlapping trends related to histidine and glyceric aci

Lycorine attenuated proliferation and induced apoptosis on imatinib-resistant K562 cell by inhibiting autophagy.

BackgroundTyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance is a significant factor exacerbating the burden on chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients and impacting clinical efficacy. The main goal is to offer new insights into overcoming drug resistance in treating CML.MethodsImatinib (IM) resistant K562/IM cells were generated using gradient induction. Responses to IM, lycorine, and autophagy modulators were assessed using CCK-8. Protein expression of Beclin-1, Atg5, LC3, Caspase-3, P62, Bax, Bcl-2, and P-gp was detected using Western blot. Lycorine-induced apoptosis and cell cycle changes were eva

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… Izadi M Tahmasebi S Pustokhina I Yumashev AV Lakzaei T Alvanegh AG Changes in Th17 cells frequency and function after ozone therapy used to treat multiple sclerosis patients Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102466 32862036 …

Оценка интенсивности мышечной схватки с помощью почти инфракрасной спектроскопии, потенциальное применение для масштабирования мышечной спазмы.

Мышечная спастичность, распространенная в таких условиях, как церебральный паралич, повреждение спинного мозга и множественный склероз, традиционно оценивается с использованием модифицированной шкалы Эшворта, которая не является последовательной. В этом исследовании проводится оценка почти инфракрасной спектроскопии (NIRS) в качестве неинвазивного средства измерения интенсивности сжимания мышц. Тридцать семь здоровых взрослых провели изометрические сокращения с различной силой (15%, 30%, 45% и 60% максимального добровольного сокращения), при этом датчики НДКМ отслеживали изменения в индексе ки

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Muscle spasticity, common in conditions such as cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, and multiple sclerosis, is traditionally assessed using the Modified Ashworth Scale, which lacks consistency. This study evaluates near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a non-invasive tool for measuring muscle contraction intensity. Thirty-seven healthy adults performed isomet…

Uncommon Factors Leading to Nephrotic Syndrome.

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia. Apart from the traditional causes of NS, such as minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, diabetes, infections, malignancies, autoimmune conditions, and nephrotoxic agents, there are also rare causes of NS, whose knowledge is of the utmost importance. The aim of this article was to highlight the less well-known causes that have a significant impact on diagnosis and treatment. Genetic syndromes such as Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia, familial lecithin-cholesterol acyltransfe

Высокий уровень распространенности GALC Gene Options на взрослых с нейродегенеративными условиями.

ОКРУЖАЮЩАЯ СРЕДА И ЦЕЛЬ: Дефицит галактоцереброзидаза (ГАЛК) вызывает болезнь Краббе, тяжёлое лизосомальное нейродегенеративное состояние. Появляющиеся данные указывают на то, что гетерозиговые варианты GALC могут способствовать множеству склерозов, расстройству гиперактивности, отсутствию внимания, и синуклейнопатии. Мы намерены изучить потенциальную связь между гетероциговидными вариантами GALC и нейродегенеративными расстройствами, расширяя существующую литературу. МЕТОДЫ: Мы провели обследование 110 взрослых с симптомами, которые разделяются лизосомными расстройствами хранения (ЛСД) и расп

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Galactocerebrosidase (GALC) deficiency causes Krabbe disease, a severe lysosomal neurodegenerative condition. Emerging evidence suggests that heterozygous GALC variants may contribute to multiple sclerosis, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and synucleinopathies. We aim to investigate the potential association between GALC het…

Dual COX-2/TNF-α Inhibitors as Promising Anti-inflammatory and Cancer Chemopreventive Agents: A Review.

Cyclooxygenases (COX) play a pivotal role in inflammation and are responsible for the production of prostaglandins (PGs). Two types of COXs have been identified as key biological targets for drug design: Constitutive COX-1 and inducible COX-2. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) target COX-1, while selective COX-2 inhibitors are designed for COX-2. These COX isoforms are involved in multiple physiological and pathological pathways throughout the body. Overproduction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) plays a role in COX-2's inflammatory activity. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha can c

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… sclerosis (MS). … Mesalamine 36 and multiple sclerosis (MS)-CU analog 37 Over the past several years, extensive studies have been conducted to develop COX-2 inhibitors using tetracyclic main scaffolds. …

Quality of patient-reported outcome reporting and related trial characteristics in randomized controlled trials of cancer pain: A systematic review based on the CONSORT-PRO extension.

ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the reporting completeness of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in randomized controlled trials of cancer pain and to descriptively examine how reporting completeness varied across trial characteristics.MethodsA systematic search of four Chinese literature databases (CNKI, SinoMed, VIP, Wanfang) and three international databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase) was conducted to identify relevant trials. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on cancer pain published from 1 January 2015 to 1 March 2026 that used PROs as either primary or secondary outcomes were

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… This finding is consistent with previous research in the field of multiple sclerosis, 57 further supporting the positive role of reporting guidelines in improving trial quality. … Incomplete reporting of patient-reported outcomes in multiple sclerosis: a meta-epidemiological study of randomized controlled trials Mult Scler Relat Disord 63 2022 103819 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103819 35487036 58 Calvert M. Brundage M. Jacobsen P.B. Schünemann H.J. Efficace F. …

Characteristics and risk of chronic graft-versus-host disease of liver in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.

Chronic graft-versus-host-disease (cGvHD) is a serious complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Among various organ-specific cGvHD, the cGvHD of liver is less well-characterized. In this study, we applied the National Institutes of Health 2014 scoring criteria of cGvHD to analyze a retrospective cohort of 362 allo-HSCT recipients focusing on cGvHD of liver. The overall incidence of liver cGvHD with a score of 3 by 1.5 years post-transplant was 5.8% (21/362). Poor outcome, in terms of overall survival (OS), were observed in patients with scores of 3 liver

Chromatin modifiers in human disease: from functional roles to regulatory mechanisms.

The field of transcriptional regulation has revealed the vital role of chromatin modifiers in human diseases from the beginning of functional exploration to the process of participating in many types of disease regulatory mechanisms. Chromatin modifiers are a class of enzymes that can catalyze the chemical conversion of pyrimidine residues or amino acid residues, including histone modifiers, DNA methyltransferases, and chromatin remodeling complexes. Chromatin modifiers assist in the formation of transcriptional regulatory circuits between transcription factors, enhancers, and promoters by reg

Thalidomide for refractory gastrointestinal bleeding from vascular malformations in patients with significant comorbidities.

BackgroundRefractory gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) secondary to gastrointestinal vascular malformations (GIVM) such as gastrointestinal angiodysplasia (GIAD) and gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) remains challenging to treat when endoscopic therapy fails. Recently thalidomide has been suggested as a treatment option for refractory GIB.AimTo determine the outcome of patients treated with thalidomide for refractory GIB due to GIVM.MethodsIRB approved, single center, retrospective review of electronic medical records from January 2012 to November 2018. Patients age > 18 years old, who had

Burden of non-communicable diseases in Tunisia, 1990-2017: results from the global burden of disease study.

Introductionnon-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide especially in developing countries such as Tunisia. We aimed to describe the national burden of non-communicable diseases in 2017 and to analyze disability-adjusted life year trends from 1990 to 2017 in Tunisia by cause and gender.Methodswe used Joinpoint regression analysis to assess trends of the age standardized disability-adjusted life year rate from 1990 to 2017 and to determine average annual percentage change.Resultsnon-communicable diseases accounted for 87.7% of total disability-ad

Metastatic gallbladder cancer presenting as numb chin syndrome: A case report and literature review.

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an uncommon malignancy that is highly aggressive in the advanced stages. However, it rarely metastasizes to the mandible. Numb chin syndrome (NCS) is a rare neurological manifestation associated with various underlying causes, including occult primary cancers and distant metastases. It is often considered to be a significant indicator of malignancy, and thorough investigation is essential in the presence of unclear etiology. The current study reported on the case of a 69-year-old Japanese woman who presented with numbness and mild pain in the lower lip and chin area

Analysis of factors associated with hematopoietic stem-cell retransplantation: a case-control study.

Objectiveto analyze the factors associated with the failure of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) in patients undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Retransplantation (HSCR).Methodthis study implemented a quantitative approach and was a case-control type which addressed patients undergoing HSCR. To do so, a paired sample of two controls was used for each case (2:1). The case group consisted of the medical records of all patients who underwent HSCR (28) and the control group (56) of those who underwent only one transplant. Three variables guided the pairing: gender, diagnosis and type o

Evaluation of Quality of Life and Care Needs of Turkish Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

This descriptive study explored the quality of life and care needs of Turkish patients who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The study sample consisted of 100 hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. Their quality of life was assessed using Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplant Scale. The mean patient age was 44.99 ± 13.92 years. Changes in sexual functions, loss of hair, loss of taste, loss of appetite, and sleep disturbances were the most common symptoms. The quality of life of transplant patients was moderately affected; the functional well-bein

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… Stem cell transplantation has been offered for patients with autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune cytopenia, and autoimmune cytopenias with either immune thrombocytopenia or autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. …

Vitamin D's Impact on Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Systematic Review.

Background/Objectives: Adequate vitamin D levels are essential for various physiological functions, including cell growth, immune modulation, metabolic regulation, DNA repair, and overall health span. Despite its proven cost-effectiveness, widespread deficiency persists due to inadequate supplementation and limited sunlight exposure. Methods: This systematic review (SR) examines the relationship between vitamin D and the reduction of cancer risk and mortality, and the mechanisms involved in cancer prevention. This SR followed the PRISMA and PICOS guidelines and synthesized evidence from releva

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… Several other studies have provided compelling evidence that hypovitaminosis D is a major factor contributing to developing complications and increased mortality from COVID-19 [ 55 , 56 , 138 , 139 ], as well as increasing the risk of other diseases such as multiple sclerosis and periodontal disease … Other diseases that fulfill these criteria for increased risk of other diseases include multiple sclerosis [ 55 , 56 , 138 , 139 ], periodontal disease [ 55 , 56 , 138 , 139 ], infection and autoimmunity [ 8 ], and cancer [ 87 ], particularly against several significant cancer types [ 87 ]. 5. …

Клинические особенности и лечение недавно диагностированной миеломы с вторичным миэлофиброзом: ретроспективное исследование.

Вторичный миэлофиброз (СМФ) характеризуется чрезмерным осаждением волокнистых тканей сверху первичной болезни, что часто приводит к затмению клинических проявлений первичным заболеванием. К сожалению, нынешние системы сборки не включают миэлофиброз, что ведет к потенциальным задержкам в лечении SMF. Оценить прогнозы пациентов с множественной миеломой (ММ), сложной с миэлофиброзом.DESIGN: Исследование включало клинические данные и результаты лечения 208 недавно диагностированные несколько пациентов, страдающих миеломой (НДММ), которые с января лечились в аффилированной больнице Университета Цин

The 46th Annual Meeting of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation: Physicians Oral Session (O010-O173).

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… AutoHSCT can induce long-term remission (up to 15 years) with 80% progression free survival in multiple sclerosis patients (Muraro 2017, Burt 2019). … 1 1 Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland , 2 Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Warsaw, Poland Background: Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), the autoimmunological human disease leading to neurodegeneration. …

Extraskeletal benefits and risks of calcium, vitamin D and anti-osteoporosis medications.

UnlabelledDrugs used for the prevention and the treatment of osteoporosis exert various favourable and unfavourable extra-skeletal effects whose importance is increasingly recognized notably for treatment selection.IntroductionThe therapeutic armamentarium for the prevention and the treatment of osteoporosis is increasingly large, and possible extra-skeletal effects of available drugs could influence the choice of a particular compound.MethodsThe present document is the result of a national consensus, based on a systematic and critical review of the literature.ResultsObservational research has

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… Several autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes mellitus or multiple sclerosis are more frequent in countries with less sunshine, and vitamin D deficiency in early life increases the risk of autoimmune diseases and infections later on [ 96 , 97 ]. … Data indicate that treatment with vitamin D could be beneficial in reducing the risk of developing multiple sclerosis and diminishing its exacerbations [ 102 ]. …