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A suppressor T-lymphocyte cell line for autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a model for the in vitro and in vivo study of T-cell activation. It is an autoimmune disease mediated by T lymphocytes of the helper T-cell (Th) subset. After sensitization to guinea-pig myelin basic protein in complete Freund's adjuvant, Lewis rats develop an autoimmune response to central nervous system (CNS) myelin basic protein, manifested clinically as paralysis and histologically by a perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrate of the CNS parenchyma. Suppressor cell regulation of EAE has long been suspected because Lewis rats, which spontaneo…

Вирус энцефалита в Калифорнии вызывает субакутовый энцефаломиэлит у взрослого.

24-летний мужчина из сельской местности Миссисипи имел дело с калифорнийским энцефалитом (CE), который эволюционировал как субакутовый энцефаломиэлит. Заболеваемость ВИЧ среди взрослых невелика, особенно в юго-восточной части Соединенных Штатов, и, насколько нам известно, клиническая характеристика симптоматических заболеваний у взрослых не установлена. Характеристики CE и энцефалита Сент-Луиса, которые обычно вызывают арбовирусные заболевания у взрослых на юго-востоке страны, различаются.

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
A 24-year-old man from rural Mississippi had a case of California encephalitis (CE) that evolved as a subacute encephalomyelitis. The incidence of CE in adults is low, especially in the southeastern United States, and to our knowledge the clinical profile of symptomatic disease in adults has not been established. The characteristics of CE and St Louis enceph…

Chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the Lewis rat.

Chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (CR-EAE) was induced in rats with an emulsion of guinea-pig spinal cord tissue (GPSC) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) enriched with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RA (Tbc). 78% of the sensitized rats developed a CR-EAE showing 2 to 3 clinical relapses during the first 40 days. After 60-80 days, approximately half of the rats with CR-EAE had a further relapse which was followed by complete recovery in only 35% of the cases. The remaining 65% of these animals showed a progressive state of the disease, characterized by paralysis or seve…

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. II. Retinal and other ocular manifestations.

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) was produced in 6 adult rhesus monkeys. All the animals developed acute EAE. Optic neuritis developed in all eyes. A vasculo-occlusive retinopathy was seen in five of the 12 eyes. Conjunctivitis and iridocyclitis were seen in some eyes. The available evidence indicates that the retinopathy is secondary to the optic nerve changes and represents central retinal vein occlusion by intraneural compression. Histopathologic studies revealed no evidence of inflammatory infiltration in the retina or around the retinal vessels.

Tyrosine hydroxylase activity in Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus infection.

In rats inoculated with the Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus, a significant decrease was found in the tyrosine hydroxylase activity of neostriatum, midbrain, and hypothalamus during the acute phase of the infection. In animals that survived the acute infection, we observed no changes in the enzymatic activity in the same regions studied. Our findings suggest a vulnerability of the dopaminergic and noradrenergic pathways to the infection produced by VEE virus.

Relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the SJL/J mouse.

A single injection dose-response curve was done in the SJL/J mouse using varying amounts of syngeneic spinal cord homogenate and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RA in a Freund's type of adjuvant. Inoculation with as little as 0.025 mg. of cord homogenate induced severe experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in some mice. Possible reasons for the great ease of induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis with this single injection regimen in comparison with other single injection schemes are discussed. No single injection dose combination was found that induced severe experimental allerg…

Efficacy of trivalent inactivated encephalomyelitis virus vaccine in horses.

Twenty-nine horses were vaccinated with a trivalent (Venezuelan, eastern, and western) inactivated equine encephalomyelitis virus vaccine. The vaccine purchased for this study was the only one licensed and commercially available in May, 1975. Plaque-neutralizing and hemagglutinin-inhibiting antibodies in response to each of the 3 equine encephalomyelitis viruses were determined after vaccination. Horses had rising levels of plaque-neutralizing and hemagglutinin-inhibiting antibodies shortly after injection with the 1st and 2nd doses of the vaccine (given 3 weeks apart) and were refractory to c…

Ocular findings associated with encephalomyelitis caused by Herpesvirus simiae.

A 29-year-old monkey handler developed acute encephalomyelitis with serological evidence of Herpesvirus simiae infection. He had sudden unilateral loss of vision on the 32nd day of illness caused by vitreous hemorrhage. This cleared gradually, revealing chorioretinal scarring and a gliovascular vitreous band which eventually caused local tractional retinal detachment.

Comparative pathogenicity of avian encephalomyelitis viruses in chicken embryos.

Multiplications of wild, various embryo-adapting and completely embryo-adapted avian encephalomyelitis (AE) viruses in chicken embryos were compared by the fluorescent-antibody technique (FAT). With a wild AE virus, viral antigens were randomly seen in the central nervous system (CNS), appearing least often in the cerebellum. Other organs seldom became test positive, except for heart and kidney. Even with 4 chicken brain-passaged viruses in the process of embryo adaptation, there was little augmentation of antigens except in the alimentary tract. However, the 2 midpassage viruses showed a pecu…

Rapid diagnosis of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis by fluorescence microscopy.

Goat Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) antiserum and normal serum were conjugated and evaluated for staining sensitivity and specificity. Cross-staining with either eastern or western equine encephalomyelitis virus-infected cells did not occur. The baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cell line when combined with highly specific VEE conjugate detected 100 medium suckling mouse intracerebral lethal doses (suckling mouse LD-50/IC) of the 1B subtype of VEE virus per milliliter of equine tissue suspension. Conjugated goat antiserum was assayed for sensitivity for detection of VEE virus-infected eq…

Transplacental transmission of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus in mice.

Transplacental infection of mouse fetuses with Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis was produced by intraperitoneal injection of dams at various stages of gestation with 10(3) suckling mouse intracerebral median lethal doses of an attenuated strain (TC-83). Virus inoculation, at times ranging from 6 days prior to mating to 9 days after conception, had no effect on conception rate, litter size, or survival of the newborn. Inoculation of the dam from the 10th to 13th days of gestation resulted in decreased litter size, an increase in stillbirths, and a decrease in birth-to-weaning survival. Inocu…

Properties of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus grown in vivo.

One intracerebral passage of either the parent egg seed (PES) or an attenuated variant (10t) of the Trinidad strain of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus in young adult mice produced progeny that were no longer differentiated unequivocally on the basis of plaque size. Plaques averaging about 2 mm in diameter, which was somewhat smaller than those formed by the PES virus and larger than those of the 10t strain, were formed by both strains. Seven serial passages of the PES virus in mouse brain failed to alter its virulence appreciably. In contrast, passage in mouse brain progressive…

Inactivation of Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus by gamma-Radiation.

Exposure of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus (at -70 C) to 6 x 10 r gamma-radiation (Co) resulted in loss of lethality for young adult mice and guinea pigs, and loss of capacity to produce plaques or cytopathic effects in tissue culture. The suckling mouse was more sensitive for detecting live virus in radiated suspensions than was the adult mouse or guinea pig. Live virus was demonstrable in preparations exposed to 6 x 10 r but not in suspensions exposed to 8 x 10 r and more. The rate of inactivation of VEE virus by gamma-radiation was an exponential function of the dosage.

B cell-specific METTL3 depletion exacerbates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent RNA modification, plays a pivotal role in regulating mRNA metabolism and cellular processes such as immune responses. Although the m6A methyltransferase METTL3 is known to regulate T-cell homeostasis and influence experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE, a model for multiple sclerosis (MS)), its function within B cells remains poorly defined. Crucially, we observed that METTL3 expression is significantly downregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from MS patients and within B cells isolated from EAE mice. To directly investig…

Forsythoside A alleviates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by targeting Tnfaip2.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neuroinflammatory disease. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a commonly used rodent model for MS. Forsythoside A (FA), a natural compound derived from Forsythia suspensa, exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties; however, its efficacy in EAE and its underlying mechanism remain unclear. PURPOSE: To explore the therapeutic effect of FA on EAE and its mechanism. METHODS: EAE was induced in C57BL/6 mice treated with FA (20/60 mg/kg) from day 7. Clinical scores, histopathology (H&E, LFB, immunofluorescence), f…

High-Intensity Interval Training Snacks Improve Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

Several studies have shown that physical activity is associated with increased life expectancy and the prevention of chronic and neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the progression of an experimental model of multiple sclerosis. For this purpose, the murine model of experimental encephalomyelitis (EAE) was used in female C57BL/6 mice, divided into four groups: negative control (CN), positive control (EAE), HIIT once a day (1-HIIT), and HIIT snacks, three times a day (3-HIIT). The clinical score results demonstrated a…