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Prognostic Value of the Residual SYNTAX Score After Functionally Complete Revascularization in ACS.

BACKGROUND: The residual SYNTAX (Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery) score (RSS) quantitatively assesses angiographic completeness of revascularization after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and has been shown to be a predictor of events after angiography-guided PCI. In stable patients undergoing functionally complete revascularization with fractional flow reserve (FFR) guidance, RSS did not predict outcome. Whether this is also true in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is unknown. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to d…

B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Assessment in Patients Undergoing Revascularization for Left Main Coronary Artery Disease: Analysis From the EXCEL Trial.

BACKGROUND: Elevated B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is reflective of impaired cardiac function and is associated with worse prognosis amon … domized patients with left main CAD and low or intermediate SYNTAX scores (Synergy Between PCI With TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery) to PCI with everolimus-eluting stents versus CABG. The primary end point was the composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to assess the association …

Percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with three-vessel or left main coronary artery disease: 10-year follow-up of the multicentre randomised controlled SYNTAX trial.

BACKGROUND: The Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) trial was a non-inferiority trial that compared percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using first-generation paclitaxel-eluting stents with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with de-novo three-vessel and left main coronary artery disease, and reported results up to 5 years. We now report 10-year all-cause death results. METHODS: The SYNTAX Extended Survival (SYNTAXES) study is an investigator-driven extension of follow-up of a multicentre, randomised controlled trial done in 85 hospitals across 18 …

Multidimensional Echocardiographic Parameters Predict Left Ventricular Functional Recovery After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of preoperative and early postoperative echocardiographic parameters for left vent … ameter (LVESD), left atrial diameter (LAD), Synergy between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score, and the number of graft vessels. Age, preoperative LVEF, and e' velocity were independently associated with lower odds of functional recovery. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) and diabetes history showed no indepe …

Correlation of blood lipids, glucose, and inflammatory indices with the occurrence and prognosis of lesion complexity in unstable angina, a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, novel cardiometabolic biomarkers and related pathogenic genes and their heritability have been examined. Howeve … d and glucose levels, inflammatory indices, Synergy between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) scores, and clinical outcome events after 3 years follow-up from both groups were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 523 patients were included, with 248 and 275 patients in the complex and noncomplex lesion groups, respec …

Kidney toxicity related to herbs and dietary supplements: Online table of case reports. Part 3 of 5 series.

BACKGROUND: No tabular summary of potentially life-threatening, kidney-toxic dietary supplements (DS; includes herbs) based on PubMed case r … +crosslisting) in the last 50 + years (1966 to May 2016). The implicated herbs include Chinese yew (Taxus celbica) extract, impila (Callilepis laureola), morning cypress (Cupressus funebris Endl), St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum), thundergod vine (Tripterygium wilfordii hook F), tribulus (Tribulus terrestris) and wormwood (Artemisia herba-alba). N …

Zhuidu Formula suppresses the migratory and invasive properties of triple-negative breast cancer cells via dual signaling pathways of RhoA/ROCK and CDC42/MRCK.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Zhuidu Formula (ZDF) is composed of triptolide, cinobufagin and paclitaxel, which are the active ingredients of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F, dried toad skin and Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis (Pilg) Florin, respectively. Modern pharmacological studies show that triptolide, cinobufagin, and paclitaxel are well-known natural compounds that exert anti-tumor effects by interfering with DNA synthesis, inducing tumor cell apoptosis, and inhibiting the dynamic balance of the tubulin. However, the mechanism by which the three compounds inhibit triple-negative breas…

A simple procedure for purifying the major chloroplast fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase from spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and characterization of its stimulation by sub-femtomolar mercuric ions.

A rapid procedure for the purification of the redox-regulated chloroplast fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase [EC 3.1.3.11] from spinach leaf extrac … mined possess a redox- and pH/Mg(2+)-stimulated Fru-1,6-P2ase, whereas Fru-1,6-P2ase in extracts of Taxus baccata (a gymnosperm), Chlorella vulgaris (a green alga), and the cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum were not activated by Hg(II). The heat stability that proved useful in the purification of the spinach enzyme was conserved in both angiosperms and gym …

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention vs Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients With Left Main Coronary Artery Stenosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

IMPORTANCE: In patients with left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenosis, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been the standard therapy … ; P = .60) analysis. Sensitivity analyses according to low to intermediate Synergy Between PCI With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score (random-effects: HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.74-1.41; P = .89) and drug-eluting stent generation (first generation: HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.68-1.20; P = .49; second generation: HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.82-1.73; P = .36) were consis …

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Insulin-Treated and Non-Insulin-Treated Diabetes Mellitus: Secondary Analysis of the TUXEDO Trial.

IMPORTANCE: Prior studies have shown that patients with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus (ITDM) have a higher risk of cardiovascular events … nsulin use status. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A prespecified analysis was conducted of the Taxus Element vs Xience Prime in a Diabetic Population (TUXEDO) clinical trial, which enrolled 1830 patients with ITDM and non-ITDM from June 23, 2011, to March 12, 2014. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either a paclitaxel-eluting stent or an ever …

Biosynthesis of anticancer phytochemical compounds and their chemistry.

Cancer is a severe health issue, and cancer cases are rising yearly. New anticancer drugs have been developed as our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind diverse solid tumors, and metastatic malignancies have increased. Plant-derived phytochemical compounds target different oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, protein channels, immune cells, protein channels, and pumps, which have attracted much attention for treating cancer in preclinical studies. Despite the anticancer capabilities of these phytochemical compounds, systemic toxicity, medication resistance, and limited absorption re

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… . | • Prevents the conversion of tubulin into microtubules | Zhao et al. (2021), Shen et al. (2022), Motyka et al. (2023) • Induces cell apoptosis 3 | Paclitaxel and its analogs | Taxus brevifolia, Taxus baccata, Taxus cuspidata, Taxus wallichiana, Taxus chinensis, Taxus floridana, Taxus Canadensis, … Paclitaxel and its analogs Paclitaxel can be extracted from plants of the Taxaceae family, such as Taxus brevifolia, found in the Western United States; Taxus baccata , known as European Yew, Taxus cuspidata , known as Japanese Yew; Taxus wallichiana, Taxus chinensis , Taxus floridana, Taxus canadensis …

[Efficacy and safety between minimally invasive left intercostal small incision and median sternotomy coronary artery bypass grafting inmulti-vessel coronary disease patients with concomitant diabetes].

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of thoracoscopic-assisted left intercostal small incision and median sternotomy coronary arter … istory, left ventricular ejection fraction, SYNergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXus and cardiac surgery (SYNTAX) score, and duration of diabetes between the two groups (all P>0.05). The operation time in the minimally invasive group was longer than that of the traditional group [(245.3±35.1) min vs (215.7±28.4) min]. However, the p …

Evaluation of Uric Acid to Albumin Ratio as a Marker of Coronary Artery Disease Severity in Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a widespread cause of morbidity and mortality. Serum uric acid, a mediator of endothelial dysfu … of CAD, and its severity was assessed using Synergy between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) scores (SS). The correlation of UAR with CAD severity using SS was studied and compared between three varieties of ACS: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and uns …

Phytochemical-Based Nanomedicine for Advanced Cancer Theranostics: Perspectives on Clinical Trials to Clinical Use.

In the current chapter, a new strategic compilation of phytochemicals with potent antitumor properties has been addressed, most importantly focusing on cell cycle arrest and apoptotic signaling mechanism. A promising approach in tumor prevention is to eliminate cancer cells preferably via cell cycle arrest and programmed cell death with lesser harm to neighboring normal cells. Cancer cells have a survival advantage to escape apoptosis and relentlessly divide to proliferate, gearing up the cell cycle process. Recently, the use of phytochemical-derived conjugated chemotherapeutic agents has incr

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… (Taxaceae) C 44 H 55 NO 16 853.9 g/mol [ 49 ] NCT00685204 NCT00063219 NCT00063427 UNII-A2VM2V569A [TPI-287] Taxus baccata L. (Taxaceae) C 46 H 63 NO 15 869.9 g/mol [ 50 , 51 ] BMS-275,183 [Oral Taxane] Taxus baccata L. … (Taxaceae) C 43 H 59 NO 16 845.9 g/mol NCT00103831 DJ 927 [Tesetaxel] Taxus baccata L. (Taxaceae) C 46 H 60 FN 3 O 13 882 g/mol [ 52 ] NCT01064713 NCT00077077 NCT01573468 Cabazitaxel [Jevtana] Taxus brevifolia Nutt. …

[The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Three case reports].

The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) for the first time issued guidelines for percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in spring 2005. … farction. A 46-year-old patient visited the practice due to increasing dyspnea. 4 months earlier, a Taxus stent had been implanted at a heart center into the second RPLS of the RCX; 3 days later, a Cypher stent was implanted in the LAD. Upon being discharged on a Friday at noon, the patient was advised to see his general practitioner soon to attain a pr …

Natural Products/Bioactive Compounds as a Source of Anticancer Drugs.

Cancer is one of the major deadly diseases globally. The alarming rise in the mortality rate due to this disease attracks attention towards discovering potent anticancer agents to overcome its mortality rate. The discovery of novel and effective anticancer agents from natural sources has been the main point of interest in pharmaceutical research because of attractive natural therapeutic agents with an immense chemical diversity in species of animals, plants, and microorganisms. More than 60% of contemporary anticancer drugs, in one form or another, have originated from natural sources. Plants

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… Dai et al. conducted the in vivo and in vitro studies to determine the anticancer potential of Taxus chinensis var. mairei (TC) against lung cancer. The aqueous extract of TC showed a significant anticancer effect by degrading CD47 with less toxicity [ 131 ]. … Aqueous extract of Taxus chinensis var. mairei targeting CD47 enhanced antitumor effects in non-small cell lung cancer Biomed. Pharmacother. 2022 154 113628 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113628 36058145 132. Wu M. Zhang F. Yu Z. Lin J. Yang L. …

Plant-Derived Natural Products in Cancer Research: Extraction, Mechanism of Action, and Drug Formulation.

Cancer is one of the main causes of death globally and considered as a major challenge for the public health system. The high toxicity and the lack of selectivity of conventional anticancer therapies make the search for alternative treatments a priority. In this review, we describe the main plant-derived natural products used as anticancer agents. Natural sources, extraction methods, anticancer mechanisms, clinical studies, and pharmaceutical formulation are discussed in this review. Studies covered by this review should provide a solid foundation for researchers and physicians to enhance basi

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… The needles and leaves of Taxus baccata (English yew) provided 10-deacetylbaccatin as precursor for semisynthesis of taxol [ 296 , 297 ]. … The extraction of paclitaxel from the ground bark of Taxus brevifolia using supercritical carbon dioxide was also reported [ 302 ]. …

Narrative Review of Drug-Associated Nail Toxicities in Oncologic Patients.

IntroductionNail toxicity represents one of the most common cutaneous adverse effects of both classic chemotherapeutic agents and new oncologic drugs, including targeted treatments and immunotherapy.ObjectivesWe aimed to provide a comprehensive literature review of nail toxicities derived from conventional chemotherapeutic agents, targeted therapies (EGFR inhibitors, multikinase inhibitors, BRAF and MEK inhibitors) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including clinical presentation, implicated drugs and approaches for prevention and management.MethodsRetrieved literature from PubMed regis

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… Paclitaxel is a natural extract derived from the bark of the pacific yew tree (Taxus brevifolia) that became commercially available in 1992. On the other hand, docetaxel is a semisynthetic analogue of paclitaxel synthesized from the needles of the European yew tree (Taxus baccata). …

Drug-Drug Interactions of Cannabidiol with Standard-of-Care Chemotherapeutics.

Cannabidiol (CBD) is an easily accessible and affordable Marijuana (Cannabis sativa L.) plant derivative with an extensive history of medical use spanning thousands of years. Interest in the therapeutic potential of CBD has increased in recent years, including its anti-tumour properties in various cancer models. In addition to the direct anticancer effects of CBD, preclinical research on numerous cannabinoids, including CBD, has highlighted their potential use in: (i) attenuating chemotherapy-induced adverse effects and (ii) enhancing the efficacy of some anticancer drugs. Therefore, CBD is ga

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… Docetaxel Docetaxel is a semisynthetic agent consisting of 10-diacetyl baccatin III derived from Taxus baccata that has been esterified with a synthetic side chain. … The Isolation and Structure of Taxol, a Novel Antileukemic and Antitumor Agent from Taxus Brevifolia. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971;93:2325–2327. doi: 10.1021/ja00738a045. 88. Marupudi N.I., Han J.E., Li K.W., Renard V.M., Tyler B.M., Brem H. …

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN).

The mitochondrial dysfunction has a critical role in several disorders including chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathies (CIPN). This is due to a related dysregulation of pathways involving calcium signalling, reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. Vincristine is able to affect calcium movement through the Dorsal Root Ganglia (DRG) neuronal mitochondrial membrane, altering its homeostasis and leading to abnormal neuronal excitability. Paclitaxel induces the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in axons followed by mitochondrial membrane potential loss, increased react

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… Paclitaxel Paclitaxel (Taxol ® ) is an antineoplastic drug derived from “ Taxus brevifolia ” tree bark [ 47 ] and commonly used for the treatment of several solid tumors such as breast, ovarian and lung cancers. … The isolation and structure of taxol, a novel antileukemic and antitumor agent from Taxus brevifolia J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1971 93 2325 2327 10.1021/ja00738a045 5553076 48. Kumar N.J. Taxol-induced polymerization of purified tubulin. Mechanism of action Biol. Chem. 1981 256 10435 10441 6116707 49. …