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DNA methyltransferase inhibitors in hematological malignancies and solid tumors.

Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation play a fundamental role in oncogenesis and the progression of neoplasms neoplasias. DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) constitute a family of therapeutic agents that impede the methylation at the 5-position on cytosine nucleotides, thereby modulating the epigenetic regulation of tumor suppressor genes, oncogenes, and other key regulatory genes. The first-generation DNMTi azacitidine and decitabine have demonstrated substantial efficacy in the treatment of medically non-fit, older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplasti

The Glucocorticoid Receptor: Isoforms, Functions, and Contribution to Glucocorticoid Sensitivity.

Glucocorticoids exert pleiotropic effects on all tissues to regulate cellular and metabolic homeostasis. Synthetic forms are used therapeutically in a wide range of conditions for their anti-inflammatory benefits, at the cost of dose and duration-dependent side effects. Significant variability occurs between tissues, disease states, and individuals with regard to both the beneficial and deleterious effects. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is the site of action for these hormones and a vast body of work has been conducted understanding its function. Traditionally, it was thought that the anti-

Капиллероскопия с капиллароскопией в диабетической ретинопатии: микровирусные озарения, клиническая ценность и проблемы с переводом - обзор повествования.

Диабетическая ретинопатия (DR) является одним из основных микроваскуловых осложнений сахарного диабета и одной из основных причин предотвратимой потери зрения. В настоящее время DR рассматривается как проявление системной диабетической микроангиопатии, а не изолированного окулярного расстройства. Оценка на основе сетчатки может не в полной мере отражать системное микроваскулярное бремя, особенно в тех случаях, когда доступ к специализированной сетчатке сетчатки ограничен. Капиллероскопия с капиллярным влагом (НКЦ) позволяет напрямую и неинвазивно визуализировать периферическую капиллярную морф

Vitamin D Supplementation Guidelines for General Population and Groups at Risk of Vitamin D Deficiency in Poland-Recommendations of the Polish Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes and the Expert Panel With Participation of National Specialist Consultants and Representatives of Scientific Societies-2018 Update.

IntroductionVitamin D deficiency is an important public health problem worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency confers a significant risk for both skeletal and non-skeletal disorders and a number of lifelong negative health outcomes. The objectives of this evidence-based guidelines document are to provide health care professionals in Poland, an updated recommendation for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of vitamin D deficiency.MethodsA systematic literature search examining the prevention and treatment strategies for vitamin D deficiency was conducted. Updated recommendations were developed usi

Bone mineral density and muscle mass in adults with developmental skeletal discrepancies.

BACKGROUND: It was aimed to investigate the musculoskeletal status in individuals diagnosed with skeletal discrepancies. METHODS: This case-control study was performed on 35 patients with developmental skeletal discrepancies listed for orthognathic surgery as a case group and 33 patients who were nominated for wisdom tooth removal as a control group. All participants were aged 18-40 years and the research was carried out in the period between May 2018 and May 2019. Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to assess bone mass density at three bone sites: total hip, femoral neck, and the spina

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Following IPAQ’s guidelines, frequency and duration of physical activity were converted to Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks. Physical activity was classified into two levels: inactive and active (moderate activity/health-enhancing physical activity). …

Anakoinosis: Communicative Reprogramming of Tumor Systems - for Rescuing from Chemorefractory Neoplasia.

Disruptive technologies, such as communicative reprogramming (anakoinosis) with cellular therapies in situ for treating refractory metastatic cancer allow patient care to accelerate along a totally new trajectory and highlight what may well become the next sea change in the care of patients with many types of advanced neoplasia. Cellular therapy in situ consisted of repurposed drugs, pioglitazone plus all-trans retinoic acid or dexamethasone or interferon-alpha (dual transcriptional modulation) combined with metronomic low-dose chemotherapy or low-dose 5-azacytidine, plus/minus classic targete

Проверка основанных на правилах методов обнаружения рецидивов при множественном склерозе.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Выявление рецидивов в электронных медицинских записях (ЭПЧ) сопряжено с трудностями у пациентов с множественным склерозом (МС). Цель этого исследования заключалась в проверке основанных на установленных правилах методов обнаружения рецидивов с использованием структурированных в Саудовской Аравии данных ЭПЧ. МЕТОДЫ: Two Были разработаны методы обнаружения, основанные на установленных нормах, с использованием данных о пациентах НР, полученных от крупного многорегионального медицинского учреждения Саудовской Аравии. Метод обнаружения I требовал применения высокодозированных

Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Compound and Quality of Life (RBAC-QoL) of Cancer Patients: An Interim Analysis of the RBAC-QoL Study.

Background The effect of rice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC), a plant-based immunomodulator, on the quality of life (QoL) in cancer patients and underlying physiological pathways remains unclear. Trial design The RBAC-QoL study, a double-blind, randomised, controlled pilot feasibility study, aimed to determine RBAC's effects on QoL and the associated action mechanisms. Primary outcomes were the EORTC QLQ-C30 functional, symptom, and global QoL scores with inflammatory, nutritional, and cytokine parameters as secondary and exploratory outcomes. Methods Participants were adults diagnosed with

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… The score was reported in metabolic equivalents (MET) minutes per week, representing the amount of energy expended carrying out physical activity. The MET/week score was also mapped into three categories: low, moderate and high activity levels. … MET=metabolic equivalent; RBAC=rice bran arabinoxylan compound Adjusted analysis ANCOVA was performed for outcome variables QL2, WBC, and TP with age as a covariate. …

Manic and hypomanic states in cancer patients: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: While there have been reports on the relationship between cancer and depression, reports on the association between cancer and manic states, a reciprocal state of depression, have been relatively few. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review on the relationships between cancer and manic states, focusing on their etiology, clinical course, and impact on cancer treatments. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted using four electronic databases, following the PRISMA guidelines. The scope of the study included research on manic or hypomanic states associated with cancer in patie

Exploring the Molecular Adaptations, Benefits, and Future Direction of Exercise Training: Updated Insights into Cardiovascular Health.

This review emphasizes the globally accepted physical activity guidelines and explores the various molecular adaptations that occur with continuous exercise. It is essential to highlight the critical roles of cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, and muscle mass in reducing mortality and enhancing quality of life. It has been shown in various studies that there are certainly substantial reductions in cardiovascular and all-cause mortality among individuals with high cardiorespiratory fitness levels. Resistance training is also examined, which, likewise, reveals significant mortality be

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… The first is through familiarization with certain movements classified by their respective metabolic equivalents (METs) level. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) provides an extensive compendium of PAs with corresponding METs levels. …

Human isoprenoid synthase enzymes as therapeutic targets.

In the human body, the complex biochemical network known as the mevalonate pathway is responsible for the biosynthesis of all isoprenoids, which consists of a vast array of metabolites that are vital for proper cellular functions. Two key isoprenoids, farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) are responsible for the post-translational prenylation of small GTP-binding proteins, and serve as the biosynthetic precursors to numerous other biomolecules. The down-stream metabolite of FPP and GGPP is squalene, the precursor to steroids, bile acids, lipoproteins, and vitamin

Rare diseases and orphan drugs: Latvian story.

BackgroundTen years have passed since Latvia became a Member State of the EU in 2004. As a result European regulations, including those related to rare diseases and orphan drugs, have been applied to Latvian legislative system. Orphan diseases have been recognized as a priority area for action in the public health system, though there are significant differences in the national healthcare services for rare diseases among the EU States. This study aims to determine situation in the field of rare diseases in Latvia and compare it with other European countries.MethodsWe used the national plan for

Генетическая недостаточность и фармакологическая стабилизация мачтовых клеток сокращают ожирение и диабет у мышей в результате диеты.

Хотя функции мачтовых клеток традиционно связаны с аллергическими реакциями, недавние исследования показывают, что эти клетки способствуют другим распространенным заболеваниям, таким как множественный склероз, ревматоидный артрит, атеросклероз, аортальная аневризма и рак. Это исследование свидетельствует о том, что мачтовые клетки также способствуют ожирению и диабету, обусловленному питанием. Например, в белых жировых тканях (ОВП) ожирением людей и мышей содержится больше мачтовых клеток, чем у их худых аналогов. Кроме того, в контексте мышей на западной диете генетически вызванная недостаточ

Pazopanib in advanced soft tissue sarcomas.

Pazopanib is the first and only tyrosine kinase inhibitor currently approved for the treatment of multiple histological subtypes of soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Initially developed as a small molecule inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, preclinical work indicates that pazopanib exerts an anticancer effect through the inhibition of both angiogenic and oncogenic signaling pathways. Following the establishment of optimal dosing and safety profiles in early phase studies and approval for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma, pazopanib was investigated in STS. A landm

Long-term outcomes of children after solid organ transplantation.

Solid organ transplantation has transformed the lives of many children and adults by providing treatment for patients with organ failure who would have otherwise succumbed to their disease. The first successful transplant in 1954 was a kidney transplant between identical twins, which circumvented the problem of rejection from MHC incompatibility. Further progress in solid organ transplantation was enabled by the discovery of immunosuppressive agents such as corticosteroids and azathioprine in the 1950s and ciclosporin in 1970. Today, solid organ transplantation is a conventional treatment with

Safety and tolerability of zoledronic acid and other bisphosphonates in osteoporosis management.

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are widely used in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and other metabolic bone diseases. They bind strongly to bone matrix and reduce bone loss through inhibition of osteoclast activity. They are classified as nitrogen- and non-nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (NBPs and NNBPs, respectively). The former inhibit farnesyl diphosphate synthase while the latter induce the production of toxic analogs of adenosine triphosphate. These mechanisms of action are associated with different antifracture efficacy, and NBPs show the most powerful action. Moreover, recent evi

Assessing and Management of Neurotoxicity After CAR-T Therapy in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy represents the most important advances in cancer immunotherapy, especially in hematological malignancies such as B-cell lymphomas. CAR-T cell therapy has significant activity in poor risk B-cell lymphomas. CAR-T cell therapy is associated with potentially life-threatening toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity (NT). While CRS pathophysiology and management are well established, the understanding and treatment of NT continues to develop. All current CAR-T products approved for DLBCL have been associated with NT with

SUBJECT INDEX Volume 125 (JANUARY–JUNE, 2004)

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Efficacy in Japanese adults with growth hormone deficiency receiving weekly somapacitan or daily growth hormone: results from phase 3 REAL 1 trial.

IntroductionSomapacitan is a long-acting growth hormone (GH) derivative approved for once-weekly treatment of adult GH deficiency (AGHD). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of somapacitan and daily GH in Japanese individuals with AGHD.MethodsThis subgroup study included the 34-week main period of the multinational, randomized, parallel-group, phase 3 trial, REAL 1 (NCT02229851). Participants received once-weekly somapacitan or daily GH (Norditropin®), both administered subcutaneously. Investigators and trial sites were blinded. A total of 36 Japanese GH-naïve individuals with

Zebrafish Avatars towards Personalized Medicine-A Comparative Review between Avatar Models.

Cancer frequency and prevalence have been increasing in the past decades, with devastating impacts on patients and their families. Despite the great advances in targeted approaches, there is still a lack of methods to predict individual patient responses, and therefore treatments are tailored according to average response rates. "Omics" approaches are used for patient stratification and choice of therapeutic options towards a more precise medicine. These methods, however, do not consider all genetic and non-genetic dynamic interactions that occur upon drug treatment. Therefore, the need to dir