Результаты поиска

Utility of monthly minodronate for osteoporosis after gastrectomy: Prospective multicenter randomized controlled trials.

AimOsteoporosis in patients after gastrectomy is increasing with the aging of gastric cancer patients. Bisphosphonates are effective treatments for osteoporosis; however, their safety or efficacy in postgastrectomy patients has not been established. The purpose of this multicenter prospective intervention study was to investigate the impact of monthly minodronate on osteoporosis after gastrectomy.MethodsOf the 261 enrolled gastric cancer patients, 164 patients were diagnosed with osteoporosis based on criteria of the Japan Society of Osteoporosis. They were randomly assigned 1:1 to groups trea

Помимо потери веса: изучение неврологических последствий изменённой микробиоты кишечника послекариатрической хирургии.

В настоящем обзоре обсуждаются результаты, связанные с неврологическими расстройствами, кишечной микробиотой и бариатрической хирургией, с уделением особого внимания нейротрансмиттерам, нейроэндокрину, патофизиологии бактерий, способствующих возникновению нарушений, и возможным терапевтическим вмешательствам. Исследования в области нейротрансмиттеров показывают, что их уровни сильно зависят от кишечного микробиота, которая может связать их с такими неврологическими расстройствами, как болезнь Альцгеймера, болезнь Паркинсона, множественный склероз, депрессия и расстройства спектра аутизма. Пато

Causes, clinical findings and therapeutic options in chylomicronemia syndrome, a special form of hypertriglyceridemia.

The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia has been increasing worldwide. Attention is drawn to the fact that the frequency of a special hypertriglyceridemia entity, named chylomicronemia syndrome, is variable among its different forms. The monogenic form, termed familial chylomicronemia syndrome, is rare, occuring in 1 in every 1 million persons. On the other hand, the prevalence of the polygenic form of chylomicronemia syndrome is around 1:600. On the basis of the genetical alterations, other factors, such as obesity, alcohol consumption, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and certain drugs may sign

Osteocytes: New Kids on the Block for Cancer in Bone Therapy.

The tumor microenvironment plays a central role in the onset and progression of cancer in the bone. Cancer cells, either from tumors originating in the bone or from metastatic cancer cells from other body systems, are located in specialized niches where they interact with different cells of the bone marrow. These interactions transform the bone into an ideal niche for cancer cell migration, proliferation, and survival and cause an imbalance in bone homeostasis that severely affects the integrity of the skeleton. During the last decade, preclinical studies have identified new cellular mechanism

Physiological Role and Use of Thyroid Hormone Metabolites - Potential Utility in COVID-19 Patients.

Thyroxine and triiodothyronine (T3) are classical thyroid hormones and with relatively well-understood actions. In contrast, the physiological role of thyroid hormone metabolites, also circulating in the blood, is less well characterized. These molecules, namely, reverse triiodothyronine, 3,5-diiodothyronine, 3-iodothyronamine, tetraiodoacetic acid and triiodoacetic acid, mediate both agonistic (thyromimetic) and antagonistic actions additional to the effects of the classical thyroid hormones. Here, we provide an overview of the main factors influencing thyroid hormone action, and then go on t

The role of hypoxic microenvironment in autoimmune diseases.

The hypoxic microenvironment, characterized by significantly reduced oxygen levels within tissues, has emerged as a critical factor in the pathogenesis and progression of various autoimmune diseases (AIDs). Central to this process is the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which orchestrates a wide array of cellular responses under low oxygen conditions. This review delves into the multifaceted roles of the hypoxic microenvironment in modulating immune cell function, particularly highlighting its impact on immune activation, metabolic reprogramming, and angiogenesis. Specific focus is given to

EZH2 serves as a viable therapeutic target for myeloma-induced osteolytic bone destruction.

Myelomatous bone disease is a complication characterized by lytic bone lesions, reduced bone formation, bone pain, and increased fracture risk. Understanding these underlying mechanisms is crucial for developing effective therapeutic approaches. Here we show the role of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in bone lesions induced by myeloma cells. Our research reveals that cytokines produced by myeloma-associated adipocytes activate the expression of EZH2 in myeloma cells. Furthermore, we find that EZH2 forms a transcriptional repression complex with transcription factor AP2α. This complex promo

Pericytes as targets in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Defective paracrine Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) signaling between endothelial cells and the neighboring mural cells have been thought to lead to the development of vascular lesions that are characteristic of Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT). This review highlights recent progress in our understanding of TGF-β signaling in mural cell recruitment and vessel stabilization and how perturbed TGF-β signaling might contribute to defective endothelial-mural cell interaction affecting vessel functionalities. Our recent findings have provided exciting insights into the role of thalid

Emerging Mechanisms and Treatment Progress on Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer is currently the third largest malignant tumor in the world, with high new cases and high mortality. Metastasis is one of the most common causes of death of colorectal cancer, of which liver metastasis is the most fatal. Since the beginning of the Human Genome Project in 2001, people have gradually recognized the 3 billion base pairs that make up the human genome, of which only about 1.5% of the nucleic acid sequences are used for protein coding, including proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. A large number of differences in the expression of proto-oncogenes and tumor

Колокольчик коерулус на перекрестке воспаления и нейродегенерации в множестве склерозов.

Множественный склероз (MS) все чаще признается в качестве системного расстройства, включающего повреждения серой материи, разрыв сети и нейропсихиатрические симптомы наряду с демиелинацией. В этих рамках Colus coeruleus (LC), являющийся основным источником норадреналина (NA) в центральной нервной системе, появляется в качестве надежного центра регулирования в рамках распределенной моноаминергической сети. Основные элементы: С помощью ЛК формируется микроглиальная и астроцитическая реактивность, окислительный стресс, митохондриальная функция, дифференциация олигодендроцитов и устойчивость мозго

Mechanisms of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor-targeted therapy and overcoming strategies.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-targeted therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by selectively blocking specific signaling pathways crucial for tumor growth, offering improved outcomes with fewer side effects compared with conventional chemotherapy. However, despite their initial effectiveness, resistance to TKIs remains a significant challenge in clinical practice. Understanding the mechanisms underlying TKI resistance is paramount for improving patient outcomes and developing more effective treatment strategies. In this review, we explored various mechanisms contributing to TKI resistan

Network approach in liquidomics landscape.

Tissue-based biopsy is the present main tool to explore the molecular landscape of cancer, but it also has many limits to be frequently executed, being too invasive with the risk of side effects. These limits and the ability of cancer to constantly evolve its genomic profile, have recently led to the need of a less invasive and more accurate alternative, such as liquid biopsy. By searching Circulating Tumor Cells and residues of their nucleic acids or other tumor products in body fluids, especially in blood, but also in urine, stools and saliva, liquid biopsy is becoming the future of clinical

Multimodality Cardiac Imaging in the Era of Emerging Cancer Therapies.

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Sorafenib is a multi‐target TKI that is associated with cardiac ischemia (3%) and hypertension (10%–17%). 70 Pazopanib is associated with a variety of cardiac toxicities including ischemia, hypertension, LV dysfunction, and QT prolongation. 71 Selective estrogen receptor modulators (ie, tamoxifen) and …

Utilization of redox modulating small molecules that selectively act as pro-oxidants in cancer cells to open a therapeutic window for improving cancer therapy.

There is a rapidly growing body of literature supporting the notion that differential oxidative metabolism in cancer versus normal cells represents a metabolic frailty that can be exploited to open a therapeutic window into cancer therapy. These cancer cell-specific metabolic frailties may be amenable to manipulation with non-toxic small molecule redox active compounds traditionally thought to be antioxidants. In this review we describe the potential mechanisms and clinical applicability in cancer therapy of four small molecule redox active agents: melatonin, vitamin E, selenium, and vitamin C

Unraveling the triad of immunotherapy, tumor microenvironment, and skeletal muscle biomechanics in oncology.

The intricate interaction between skeletal muscle biomechanics, the tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy constitutes a pivotal research focus oncology. This work provides a comprehensive review of methodologies for evaluating skeletal muscle biomechanics, including handheld dynamometry, advanced imaging techniques, electrical impedance myography, elastography, and single-fiber experiments to assess muscle quality and performance. Furthermore, it elucidates the mechanisms, applications, and limitations of various immunotherapy modalities, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive ce

Mediterranean Diet Food Components as Possible Adjuvant Therapies to Counteract Breast and Prostate Cancer Progression to Bone Metastasis.

Bone metastasis is a serious and often lethal complication of particularly frequent carcinomas, such as breast and prostate cancers, which not only reduces survival but also worsens the patients' quality of life. Therefore, it is important to find new and/or additional therapeutic possibilities that can counteract the colonization of bone tissue. High adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) is effective in the prevention of cancer and improves cancer patients' health, thus, here, we considered its impact on bone metastasis. We highlighted some molecular events relevant for the development of

Relationship Between Inflammation-Nutrition Composite Indices and Ovarian Endometrioma: A Retrospective Observational Study.

ObjectiveEndometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease with impacts on reproduction, health and quality of life, yet its diagnosis is often delayed. Ovarian endometrioma (OMA) is the most common subtype of endometriosis. The establishment of simple predictive indicators could screen women at high risk of OMA, thereby potentially facilitating the early diagnosis and management of endometriosis. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the predictive performance of inflammation and inflammation-nutrition composite indices for ovarian endometrioma (OMA) among women of reproductive age in Ch

Myelin Displacement and Revention in the Central Nervous System: Молекулярные механизмы, болезни и перспективные терапевтические цели.

Майлин пластичность имеет основополагающее значение для формирования нейронных сетей и оптимизации нейронных функций, формирования схем, регулирующих эмоции, сознание, сенсацию и управление двигателем. Подкомбинированный олигодендроцитами, миелин подвергается пожизненной реконструкции, которая требует высокой метаболической активности; это делает миелин-олигодендроцитную единицу весьма восприимчивой к метаболическому стрессу, старению и патологическим оскорблениям. Хотя обезвоживание является основной характеристикой различных хронических неврологических расстройств, в настоящем обзоре особо п

RNA Therapeutics in Viral Infections and Cancer: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Prospects: A Review.

Background: RNA therapeutics represent a rapidly advancing field with significant potential for treating viral infections and cancer. This review examines the current landscape of RNA-based strategies, including siRNA, miRNA mimics, and antisense oligonucleotides. For viral infections, the focus is on hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV), HIV, and SARS-CoV-2. Approaches include targeting viral transcripts directly (e.g., siRNAs against HBV surface antigen) or host factors critical for viral replication (e.g., anti-miR-122 miravirsen for HCV). The successful development of mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 i

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: an evidence-based 2025 position statement from a Korean multidisciplinary task force.

With a rapidly aging population and increasing use of antiresorptive agents, medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) represents a growing clinical challenge worldwide. To address the need for tailored clinical guidance, a multidisciplinary task force was convened. Five Korean academic societies-the Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research, the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, the Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons, the Korean Society of Osteoporosis, and the Korean Endocrine Society-collaborated to develop this position

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Further investigation is needed to clarify this association. 4) Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) SERMs, which are antiresorptive agents, are known to have a relatively lower risk of MRONJ compared to BPs or denosumab due to their less potent inhibition of bone resorption. …