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E3 ubiquitin ligases orchestrate chemo-resistance in gastrointestinal malignancies: from DNA damage response to therapeutic targeting.

Therapy resistance in gastrointestinal tumors remains a critical challenge in clinical oncology, severely compromising therapeutic efficacy and long-term patient survival. E3 ubiquitin ligases, as core enzymes involved in the protein ubiquitination process, have been demonstrated to play indispensable roles in regulating key biological processes in tumor cells, including DNA damage repair, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, cancer stem cell maintenance, and immune evasion. Additionally, E3 ligases are key regulators of resistance to multiple anticancer strategies, such as chemotherapy, radioth

Percutaneous endoscopic cecostomy for management of Ogilvie's syndrome: a case series and literature review with an update on current guidelines (with video).

IntroductionPercutaneous endoscopic cecostomy (PEC) is a viable treatment option for patients with persistent or recurrent acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO; Ogilvie's syndrome). It should be generally considered in patients that are refractory to pharmacologic and endoscopic decompression, especially those not amenable to surgical intervention due to an increased perioperative risk. Physicians are rather unfamiliar with this approach given the limited number of reports in the literature and paucity of guideline resources, although guidelines concerning ACPO and covering the role of endos

Tapentadol: A Review of Experimental Pharmacology Studies, Clinical Trials, and Recent Findings.

Tapentadol is an analgesic compound that acts centrally to attenuate pain. Previous studies have shown that tapentadol has dual mechanisms of action as a mu-opioid receptor agonist and noradrenaline re-uptake inhibition. Therefore, tapentadol provides a great advantage over classic opioids in pain management from nociceptive to neuropathic. Cumulative evidence from in vitro data suggests that tapentadol effect of norepinephrine re-uptake could be a new target that overcomes other classic opioids in chronic neuropathic pain. Compared to tramadol and other opioids, tapentadol is associated with

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… Other Name: Tapentadol brand name: Nucynta Effects of 2 Mu-opiates on Gastrointestinal Transit 1. Colonic Transit, Geometric Center at 24 Hours [Time Frame: 24 hours] The scintigraphic method is used to measure colonic transit. … Other Name: Tapentadol brand name: Nucynta | Effects of 2 Mu-opiates on Gastrointestinal Transit | 1. Colonic Transit, Geometric Center at 24 Hours [Time Frame: 24 hours] The scintigraphic method is used to measure colonic transit. …

Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion in Cancer-Associated Atrial Fibrillation: Who, When, and How to Manage Antithrombotic Therapy.

BackgroundCancer-associated atrial fibrillation (AF) is increasingly common, posing dual risks of thrombosis and bleeding. Long-term oral anticoagulation is often limited in these patients due to drug interactions, thrombocytopenia, and treatment-related bleeding. Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) offers a non-pharmacological alternative for stroke prevention, yet its optimal use in cancer remains uncertain.MethodsWe conducted a narrative review of studies from 2009 to October 2025 across PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar, including randomized trials, observational studies, registries, c

Dual regulation of gastrointestinal tumor progression by the IFN-γ/STAT1 pathway and prospects for targeted therapy.

Gastrointestinal malignant tumors exhibit a high incidence and mortality rate among all malignancies worldwide, making them a significant concern within the field of oncology. Targeted therapy for gastrointestinal tumors has become a hot topic in recent years, and its specific mechanism remains to be further elucidated. Secreted factors, including cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as components of the tumor microenvironment, play a crucial role in the progression of gastrointestinal tumors. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) can activate these factors through JAK1/2 and STAT1 signaling (the IFN

Подтверждение того, что качество жизни, связанное со здоровьем, ухудшается для мониторинга долгосрочного прогресса в борьбе с заболеваниями, связанными с MS: продольный анализ из швейцарского регистра множественного склероза.

Мониторинг развития склероза (MS) традиционно опирается на клинические меры, которые могут игнорировать симптомы, влияющие на качество жизни. Включение результатов, сообщаемых пациентами, могло бы улучшить понимание ухудшения состояния заболеваний. ЦЕЛЬ: Оценить алгоритм на основе EQ-5D для обнаружения ухудшения болезни и сравнить его с ухудшением EDS. Мы проанализировали продольные данные EQ-5D и EDS из швейцарского регистра MS. Ухудшение состояния системы EQ-5D было определено как устойчивое сокращение по сравнению с двумя оценками; ухудшение состояния системы EDS осуществлялось в соответств

Mobilising stakeholders to improve access to state-of-the-art radiotherapy in low- and middle-income countries.

In an ongoing effort to improve access to state-of-the-art radiotherapy in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), a joint symposium was organised by the non-governmental, non-profit organisation Medical physicists in diaspora for Africa e.V. (MephidA e.V.) in collaboration with the Germany-based Cameroon-German medical doctor's association (Camfomedics e.V.) and the Harvard-based Global Health Catalyst summit. The goal of the symposium was to discuss the technical and structural challenges faced in African LMIC settings, re-evaluate strategies to overcome the shortfall of radiotherapy servi

Properties of Approved Antitumour Chinese Herbal Medicines: Integrating Evidence and Tradition.

The properties and meridian affinities of Chinese herbal medicine are closely associated with their therapeutic efficacy. This review focuses on approved antitumour Chinese medicines listed in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 Edition, Volume I), highlighting their key components. Statistical methods were used to analyse the properties, flavours and channel tropisms of antitumour traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), including both proprietary formulations and commercially available individual herbs. Distinctive patterns were identified by comparing herb profiles with con

'Bone Health-Across a Woman's Lifespan'.

Despite a high burden of osteoporosis and minimal trauma fractures worldwide, there is still a treatment gap in timely diagnosis and optimal treatment. There is also a lack of international consensus and guidelines on the management of bone fragility in premenopausal women. This review article provides an overview of the current understanding of factors impacting women's bone health across the adult lifespan, as well as dilemmas in the diagnosis, assessment and management of osteoporosis in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, premature ovarian insufficiency and bone health following breast

Role of B-Cell in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare multisystem autoimmune disease, characterized by fibrosis, vasculopathy, and autoimmunity. Recent advances have highlighted the significant implications of B-cells in SSc. B-cells are present in affected organs, their subpopulations are disrupted, and they display an activated phenotype, and the regulatory capacities of B-cells are impaired, as illustrated by the decrease in the IL-10+ producing B-cell subpopulation or the inhibitory membrane co-receptor density. Recent multi-omics evidence highlights the role of B-cells mainly in the early stage of SSc and p

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Heterogeneity, Cancer Pathogenesis, and Therapeutic Targets.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are functionally diverse stromal regulators that orchestrate tumor progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance through dynamic crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent advances in single-cell multiomics and spatial transcriptomics have identified conserved CAF subtypes with distinct molecular signatures, spatial distributions, and context-dependent roles, highlighting their dual capacity to promote immunosuppression or restrain tumor growth. However, therapeutic strategies struggle to reconcile this functional duality, hindering clinica

Trend and burden of adult cancer-related hospitalizations in the United States.

To calculate national trends and estimates of cancer-related hospitalizations, hospital outcomes, and hospitalization costs. The current study was a retrospective analysis of National Inpatient Sample data, collected during 2008 to 2019. Adult cancer hospitalizations were identified by Clinical Classifications Software codes. We estimated weighted frequencies, proportions, and trends in cancer-related hospitalizations, hospital outcomes, and hospitalization costs. The primary outcome of the study was cancer-related hospitalizations, and secondary outcomes were the reasons for hospitalization,

Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of direct oral anticoagulants for cancer-associated thrombosis: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To synthesize pharmacoeconomic evidence of prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and evaluate the quality of the studies. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, the Center for Reviews and Dissemination Database, the Health Technology Assessment Database, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database were searched to collect economic evaluations. The search covered publications from their inception until June 13, 2024. Study selection was conducted independently by two researcher

Primary Amyloidosis Unmasked by Gastric Biopsy: A Case Report.

Amyloidosis is a broad category of diseases characterized by the extracellular accumulation of misfolded fibrillar proteins, which disrupt organ architecture and causes cellular toxicity. This ultimately results in vascular compromise and progressive organ dysfunction. Despite advances in serum free light chain assays and imaging modalities, diagnostic delays persist due to the underestimation of early signs and the need for multidisciplinary correlation. Our case report highlights a unique case of a patient with systemic AL amyloidosis involving the gastrointestinal (GI) system, who initially

Annexin A1 affects tumor metastasis through epithelial-mesenchymal transition: a narrative review.

Background and objectiveAnnexin A1 (annexin I, ANXA1), the first discovered member of the annexin superfamily, plays important roles in tumor development, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis and drug resistance based on tumor type-specific patterns of expression. The acquisition of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) characteristics is an essential mechanism of metastasis because they increase the mobility and invasiveness of cancer cells. Cancer invasion and metastasis remain major health problems worldwide. Elucidating the role and mechanism of ANXA1 in the occurrence of EMT will help ad

The Proliferative and Apoptotic Landscape of Basal-like Breast Cancer.

Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is an aggressive molecular subtype that represents up to 15% of breast cancers. It occurs in younger patients, and typically shows rapid development of locoregional and distant metastasis, resulting in a relatively high mortality rate. Its defining features are that it is positive for basal cytokeratins and, epidermal growth factor receptor and/or c-Kit. Problematically, it is typically negative for the estrogen receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which means that it is unsuitable for either hormone therapy or targeted HER2 therapy. As

Adverse drug reactions and drug-related problems with supportive care medications among the oncological population.

AimThe current study emphasizes the impact of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) caused by supportive care medications administered with chemotherapy.MethodThis is a longitudinal observational study carried out at the Ramaiah Medical College Hospital in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, at the Department of Oncology. The data was recorded using a specifically created data collecting form. Based on the PCNE (Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe), DRPs are identified. The WHO probability scale, Modified Hartwig and Siegel for ADR severity assessment, Naranjo's algorithm for

Supportive Care and Symptom Management for Patients With Immunoglobulin Light Chain (AL) Amyloidosis.

Immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a disorder of clonal plasma cells characterized by deposition of amyloid fibrils in a variety of tissues, leading to end-organ injury. Renal or cardiac involvement is most common, though any organ outside the central nervous system can develop amyloid deposition, and symptomatic presentations may consequently vary. The variability and subtlety of initial clinical presentations may contribute to delayed diagnoses, and organ involvement is often quite advanced and symptomatic by the time a diagnosis is established. Additionally, while organ function

Systemic amyloidosis causing intestinal hemorrhage and pseudo-obstruction.

There are two major forms of amyloidosis, primary amyloidosis (AL) and secondary amyloidosis. AL amyloidosis results from deposition of immunoglobulin light chains or their fragments. One such example is AL amyloidosis associated with multiple myeloma, in which overproduced immunoglobulin light chains get deposited onto tissues, leading to tissue dysfunction. Amyloidosis in the intestines can present as a wide spectrum of non-specific gastrointestinal (GI) complaints including abdominal pain, changes in bowel habits, overt gastrointestinal bleeding and complaints related to altered motility in

Targeting mast cells tryptase in tumor microenvironment: a potential antiangiogenetic strategy.

Angiogenesis is a complex process finely regulated by the balance between angiogenesis stimulators and inhibitors. As a result of proangiogenic factors overexpression, it plays a crucial role in cancer development. Although initially mast cells (MCs) role has been defined in hypersensitivity reactions and in immunity, it has been discovered that MCs have a crucial interplay on the regulatory function between inflammatory and tumor cells through the release of classical proangiogenic factors (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor) and nonclassical proangiogenic mediators granule-associated (