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Air cleaning technologies: an evidence-based analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This health technology policy assessment will answer the following questions: When should in-room air cleaners be used?How effective are in-room air cleaners?Are in-room air cleaners that use combined HEPA and UVGI air cleaning technology more effective than those that use HEPA filtration alone?What is the Plasmacluster ion air purifier in the pandemic influenza preparation plan?The experience of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) locally, nationally, and internationally underscored the importance of administrative, environmental, and personal protective infection control meas

The effect of occupational exposure to welding fumes on trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer: A supplementary analysis of regular occupational exposure and of occasional occupational exposure based on the systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint estimates of the work-related burden of disease and Injury.

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are the producers of the WHO/ILO Joint Estim … nce, CENTRAL and CISDOC, up until 27 May 2024. We also searched grey literature databases, internet search engines, and organizational websites; hand-searched reference lists of previous systematic reviews; and consulted additional experts. STUDY ELIGIBILITY AND CRITERIA: We included studies of working-age workers (≥15 years) in the formal and informal economy …

Interventions for infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis (including cradle cap).

BACKGROUND: Infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis (ISD) is a chronic, inflammatory, scaling skin condition, which causes redness and a greasy sca … o randomised controlled trials (RCTs). We searched for unpublished RCTs and grey literature via web search engines, and wrote to authors and pharmaceutical companies. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included RCTs of interventions for ISD in children from birth up to 24 months who were clinically diagnosed by a healthcare practitioner with ISD or cradle cap. We allowed …

Residential energy efficiency interventions: A meta-analysis of effectiveness studies.

BACKGROUND: The residential sector releases around 17% of global greenhouse gas emissions and making residential buildings more energy efficient can help mitigate climate change. Engineering models are often used to predict the effects of residential energy efficiency interventions (REEI) on energy consumption, but empirical studies find that these models often over-estimate the actual impact of REEI installation. Different empirical studies often estimate different impacts for the same REEI, possibly due to variations in implementation, climate and population. Funding for this systematic revi

Workplace interventions to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection outside of healthcare settings.

BACKGROUND: Although many people infected with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) experience no or mild symptoms, some individuals can develop severe illness and may die, particularly older people and those with underlying medical problems. Providing evidence-based interventions to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection has become more urgent with the spread of more infectious SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoC), and the potential psychological toll imposed by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.   Controlling exposures to occupational hazards is the fundamental m

Voluntary work for the physical and mental health of older volunteers: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: The increasing imbalance between the number of older adults not working and the number of adults in the age range of labour forc … rch in specific targeted journals, citation tracking, contact to international experts and internet search engines. The database searches were carried out to December 2018 and other resources were searched in September 2019 and October 2019. We searched to identify both published and unpublished literature. The searches were international in scope. Reference li …

Natural Language Processing Applied to Psychiatric Clinical Notes: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Psychiatric clinical notes in electronic health records (EHRs) provide rich longitudinal information that can support clinical decision-making. Using historical medical data can enable earlier identification of mental illness, better characterization of disease trajectories, and more personalized treatment planning. Natural language processing (NLP) transforms these unstructured notes into analyzable representations for research and care. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to systematically summarize NLP methodologies for psychiatric clinical notes, compare major modeling paradigms and ap

A neuroeducational approach to STEM education: Integrating real-time cognitive analysis and cognitive load theory to optimize teaching and learning at universities.

BACKGROUND: The relevance of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education to effectively meet challenging academic requirements has become imperative for university entrants. With emerging advancements within the domain of learning neuroscience and analytics, it has become possible to analyze and track the real-time mental states of learners. This has opened several avenues to apply the theoretical perspectives of Cognitive Load Theory (CLT). Though applications of neuro-technological interventions for learning have become widely sought, their effective implementation wit

Machine Learning Models for Early Autism Spectrum Disorder Detection: Systematic Review With a Pediatric and Engineering Perspective.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition for which earlier identification may facilitate timely developmental assessment and intervention. This systematic review synthesized evidence on machine learning (ML)/ deep learning (DL) approaches for early ASD detection, with particular attention to pediatric populations, data modalities, model architectures, reported diagnostic performance, validation strategies, methodological quality, and clinical and engineering translation. PubMed and IEEE Xplore were searched through July 29, 2026. The supplied database expo

Risk of HIV transmission by healthcare workers - a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Occupational HIV infection among healthcare workers (HCWs) has declined markedly in high-income countries as a result of improved infection prevention and control, safety-engineered devices, and the widespread availability of antiretroviral post-exposure prophylaxis. However, the risk of HIV transmission from infected HCWs to patients remains incompletely defined. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of published studies reporting either documented HIV transmission events or the absence of transmission (look-back investigations) from HIV-infected HCWs to patients. In accordan

From phthalates to microplastics: Emerging and unresolved biocompatibility risks in extracorporeal circulation.

BackgroundExtracorporeal circulation (ECC) is increasingly supported by biomaterials engineered to minimize chemical leaching, and many biomedical manufacturers have now removed or substantially reduced phthalate plasticizers particularly di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) from tubing and circuit components. Nevertheless, emerging evidence highlights a parallel and underexplored concern: the generation of microplastic particles, especially during manual cutting and customization of circuit segments in the operating room. While screen and depth filters used in CPB and ECMO circuits efficiently r

Доверие, информационная оценка и общение между людьми, живущими с множественным склерозом.

Справочная информация: Люди, страдающие множественным склерозом (МС), все чаще обращаются в Интернет за информацией о своем состоянии и лечении. Вместе с тем информация о состоянии здоровья в онлайновом режиме существенно варьируется по качеству, и пациенты часто не имеют грамотности в области электронного здравоохранения, необходимой для проведения различия между надежными и ненадежными источниками. Цель: В этом исследовании рассматривается вопрос о том, каким образом лица, имеющие НР в Соединенном Королевстве, стремятся получить, оценить и оценить качество онлайновой информации по вопросам з

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Background: People living with multiple sclerosis (MS) are increasingly turning to the Internet for information about their condition and it … % of participants expressed concerns about online information quality, and only 47.9% believed that search engines reliably returned high-quality websites. Confidence in evaluating online medicine information correlated strongly and positively with the perceived importance of information quality (ρ = 0.869, p < 0.001, n = 73) and with active checking behaviour …

Artificial intelligence for genomic science: a scoping review of concepts, architectures, applications, and open challenges.

INTRODUCTION: Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming central to genomics and multi-omics, but its concepts, architectures, applications, evaluation standards, and translational requirements remain fragmented. This scoping review mapped how AI is defined and operationalized in genomic science, including machine learning, deep learning, graph-based methods, foundation models, and large language models, and synthesized their data modalities, applications, evaluation practices, interpretability strategies, and governance challenges. METHODS: We conducted a PRISMA-ScR scoping review with Joanna

Artificial Intelligence-Driven SELEX Design of Aptamer Panels for Urinary Multi-Biomarker Detection in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic and Bibliometric Review.

Background/Objectives: The limited specificity of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) drives unnecessary biopsies in prostate cancer (PCa). Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) provide a non-invasive reservoir of tumor-derived nucleic acids and proteins. Aptamers selected by SELEX enable highly specific capture, and artificial intelligence (AI) can accelerate their optimization. This systematic review evaluated AI-assisted SELEX for urine-derived and exosome-enriched aptamer panels in PCa detection. Methods: Systematic searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (1 January 2010-24 August 2025;

Use of Online Tools for Mental Health Among Racially and Ethnically Diverse College Students: Mixed Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depression symptoms have been rising among college students, with many increasingly meeting the criteria for 1 or mo … fulness explanations. RESULTS: In total, 49.6% (61/123) of the participants used online tools (eg, search engines) to seek mental health information, while 30.1% (37/123) used online tools (eg, medical websites) to seek mental health services. Mental health literacy (P=.002; odds ratio 1.14, 95% CI 1.05-1.24) was associated with greater use of online tools to …

An organotrophic Sideroxydans reveals potential iron oxidation marker genes.

UNLABELLED: To understand the ecophysiology and the role of iron-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) in various ecosystems, we need to identify marker genes of the iron oxidation pathway to track activity in situ . The Gallionellaceae Sideroxydans sp. CL21, an autotrophic iron-oxidizing bacteria isolated from a peatland, is unusual amongst FeOB isolates in its genomic potential to utilize organic compounds as energy sources. Therefore, it offers the unique opportunity to determine genes expressed under litho- versus organotrophic conditions. We demonstrated the growth of Sideroxydans sp. CL21 on organic

An organotrophic Sideroxydans reveals potential iron oxidation marker genes.

To understand the ecophysiology and the role of iron-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) in various ecosystems, we need to identify marker genes of the iron oxidation pathway to track activity in situ. The Gallionellaceae Sideroxydans sp. CL21, an autotrophic iron-oxidizing bacterium isolated from a peatland, is unusual among FeOB isolates in its genomic potential to utilize organic compounds as energy sources. Therefore, it offers the unique opportunity to determine genes expressed under litho- vs organotrophic conditions. We demonstrated the growth of Sideroxydans sp. CL21 on organic substrates (lacta

Mouse genome engineering uncovers 18 genes dispensable for male reproduction.

BACKGROUND: Male infertility is an intricate multifactorial disease involving the interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Genetic anomalies account for more than 15% of all male infertility cases; however, diagnosing them exhibits enormous challenges due to variable symptomatic presentations and limited knowledge of gene functions. Therefore, a thorough investigation into gene regulatory networks underlying male reproduction is demanded to improve patient counseling and infertility treatment. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to identify testis-expressed genes essential for male

Assessment of a Large Language Model's Responses to Questions and Cases About Glaucoma and Retina Management.

IMPORTANCE: Large language models (LLMs) are revolutionizing medical diagnosis and treatment, offering unprecedented accuracy and ease surpassing conventional search engines. Their integration into medical assistance programs will become pivotal for ophthalmologists as an adjunct for practicing evidence-based medicine. Therefore, the diagnostic and treatment accuracy of LLM-generated responses compared with fellowship-trained ophthalmologists can help assess their accuracy and validate their potential utility in ophthalmic subspecialties. OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic accuracy and comp…

The Use of Deep Learning and Machine Learning on Longitudinal Electronic Health Records for the Early Detection and Prevention of Diseases: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Electronic health records (EHRs) contain patients' health information over time, including possible early indicators of disease. However, the increasing amount of data hinders clinicians from using them. There is accumulating evidence suggesting that machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) can assist clinicians in analyzing these large-scale EHRs, as algorithms thrive on high volumes of data. Although ML has become well developed, studies mainly focus on engineering but lack medical outcomes. OBJECTIVE: This study aims for a scoping review of the evidence on how the use of ML