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Intra-arterial liposomal adriamycin for metastatic adenocarcinoma of the liver.

A liposome-entrapped liposome form of Adriamycin (Lip-ADM) has been demonstrated to cause less myocardial and gastrointestinal toxicity than … 760 mg, respectively. No severe adverse effects, such as nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, alopecia or cardiotoxicity, were observed in any of the patients. Although mild leukocytopenia (2,800/microliters) was observed in 1 patient, anemia or thrombocytopenia did not occur. The survival time was respectively 6, 15, and 17 months from the start of Lip-ADM administra …

Kinetics of chlorpromazine block of sodium channels in single guinea pig cardiac myocytes.

Block of sodium current by chlorpromazine in single ventricular myocytes isolated from guinea pigs was studied using the whole cell patch clamp technique. Chlorpromazine in micromolar concentrations reduced the amplitude of peak sodium current associated with step depolarizations from a holding potential of -140 mV. Concentration-response curves obtained with a holding potential of -140 mV were best fit by a 2:1 stoichiometry, and were shifted in the direction of lower concentrations when a holding potential of -100 mV was used. In agreement with this observation, the steady-state inactivation

Demographics and Health Characteristics Associated With the Likelihood of Participating in Digitally Delivered Exercise Rehabilitation for Improving Heart Health Among Breast Cancer Survivors: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

BACKGROUND: Strong evidence supports the benefits of exercise following both cardiovascular disease and cancer diagnoses. However, less than one-third of Australians who are referred to exercise rehabilitation complete a program following a cardiac diagnosis. Technological advances make it increasingly possible to embed real-time supervision, tailored exercise prescription, behavior change, and social support into home-based programs. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore demographic and health characteristics associated with the likelihood of breast cancer survivors uptaking a digitally del

What are the adverse effects associated with the combined use of intravenous lipid emulsion and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the poisoned patient?

CONTEXT: Intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) and veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) are being used together or in close succession in the management of circulatory failure secondary to cardiotoxic drug poisoning. There have been reports of mechanical problems, including fat emulsion agglutination, clogging, increased blood clot formation and even cracking of parts of the machine, in patients concurrently receiving VA-ECMO and ILE as part of parenteral nutrition. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the adverse effects associated with the combined use of ILE and ECMO in the poisoned p

Cancer therapy-associated Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: A narrative review of mechanisms, drug associations, and clinical implications.

Anticancer therapies have been increasingly associated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC). As prior reports remain fragmented across case studies and drug-specific reviews, this paper offers one of the most comprehensive reviews to date of cancer therapy-associated TTC. While classically triggered by emotional or physical stress, TTC has been increasingly associated with chemotherapy and other cancer-directed therapies. This literature review explores the pathophysiology, clinical features, and evolving evidence linking anticancer agents to TTC, with a focus on cytotoxic cancer therapy, hormo

Atrial fibrillation post hematopoietic stem cell transplant: incidence, risk factors, and management challenges.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent cardiovascular complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and is linked to higher short-term and long-term morbidity and mortality. AF occurring within 30 days post-HSCT reflects an interplay of peri-transplant triggers, conditioning-related myocardial injury, systemic inflammation and infection, rapid fluid shifts with atrial stretch, and electrolyte disturbances. Beyond 30 days, AF is driven by chronic inflammation and graft-vs.-host disease, metabolic dysregulation from immunosuppression, and cumulative cardiotoxic cancer

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… Cumulative cardiotoxicity from cancer therapy Many HSCT recipients have prior or concurrent exposure to cardiotoxic cancer treatments. … GLS is a sensitive marker for early detection of chemotherapy related cardiotoxicity. A meta-analysis showed that worse absolute GLS during treatment and relative reductions from baseline were associated with a significantly higher risk of cardiotoxicity. …

[Rare cases of stress cardiomyopathy triggered by pulmonary embolism and reverse Takotsubo].

BACKGROUND: Takotsubo syndrome is a potentially fatal cardiomyopathy, characterized by systolic dysfunction with apical hypokinesia and basal hypercontractility in the absence of coronary lesions. It is triggered by physical or emotional stress and accounts for 2% of acute coronary syndromes; it is more common in older women. Its pathophysiology is not entirely clear, although the adrenergic hypothesis is the most accepted: a cardiotoxic effect is proposed due to beta-adrenergic stimulation, with an imbalance in oxygen supply and demand and dysregulation of calcium-dependent proteins. However,

Heart failure medication to prevent cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction: A narrative review.

Advances in oncological therapies have improved cancer survival but also have increased the clinical incidence of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD), a spectrum of conditions ranging from subclinical biomarker or strain abnormalities to progressive heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Whereas anthracycline-based and human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies remain the most extensively studied causes, newer targeted agents and immune-based therapies introduce additional, mechanistically distinct cardiotoxic phenotypes, including endothelial dysfunction and afte

Dilated Cardiomyopathy - Exploring the Underlying Causes.

Cardiovascular disease is one of the world's leading causes of natural mortality, taking approximately 18 million lives each year. Dilated c … ardiomyopathy. The non-genetic causes of dilated cardiomyopathy that are discussed include viruses, cardiotoxicity, recreational drugs, and chemotherapeutic medications. For the genes that lead to dilated cardiomyopathy, the focus of this paper is on cytoskeletal and sarcomeric protein genes. Our scope in defining this area will be to explore numerous mouse mode …

Successful Treatment for Hepatoblastoma in Trisomy 18: A Case Report.

Children with trisomy 18 tend to develop hepatoblastoma. Since the introduction of appropriate management for organ malfunction, individuals with trisomy 18 have come to have a longer life expectancy. However, the predisposition to hepatoblastoma becomes a significant issue for the quality of a case. Here, we present a rare multifocal hepatoblastoma involving predominantly Couinaud segments 5 and 7 in a 10-month-old boy with trisomy 18. Though the first-line cisplatin monotherapy resulted in unsatisfactory tumor shrinkage, the second-line neoadjuvant chemotherapy administrating irinotecan and

Updates for the diagnosis and management of cardiac amyloidosis.

A substantial increase in the interest in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) is a result of the constantly growing number of patien … ein deposits contribute to the disturbances of calcium metabolism and cell metabolism as well as to cardiotoxicity, leading to edema and damage to cardiomyocytes.

The Transthyretin/Oleuropein Aglycone Complex: A New Tool against TTR Amyloidosis.

The release of monomers from the homotetrameric protein transthyretin (TTR) is the first event of a cascade, eventually leading to sporadic or familial TTR amyloidoses. Thus, ligands able to stabilize TTR and inhibit monomer release are subject of intense scrutiny as potential treatments against these pathologies. Here, we investigated the interaction between TTR and a non-glycated derivative of the main olive polyphenol, oleuropein (OleA), known to interfere with TTR aggregation. We coupled fluorescence studies with molecular docking to investigate the OleA/TTR interaction using wild-type TTR

Cu(II) Binding Increases the Soluble Toxicity of Amyloidogenic Light Chains.

Light chain amyloidosis (AL) is caused by the aberrant overproduction of immunoglobulin light chains (LCs). The resulting abnormally high LC concentrations in blood lead to deposit formation in the heart and other target organs. Organ damage is caused not only by the accumulation of bulky amyloid deposits, but extensive clinical data indicate that circulating soluble LCs also exert cardiotoxic effects. The nematode C. elegans has been validated to recapitulate LC soluble toxicity in vivo, and in such a model a role for copper ions in increasing LC soluble toxicity has been reported. Here, we a

Role of Cytochrome p450 and Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Enzymes and Their Associated Metabolites in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy.

A plethora of studies have demonstrated that cardiomyopathy represents a serious source of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes … ed to the increase of sEH and the decrease of CYP2J. Interestingly, the reduction of sEH attenuates cardiotoxicity mediated by high glucose in cardiac cells. Mechanistically, the beneficial effect of sEH reduction might be due to the decrease of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and p38. Overall, the present work provides evidence that diabetes initiates cardiomyopathy thro …

Elucidating the time-dependent changes in the urinary metabolome under doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Doxorubicin has been indicated to be cardiotoxic and nephrotoxic, and thus it is often used as a model drug. Possible molecular mechanisms of this toxicity have been proposed, however, the systematic investigation of time-related metabolic trajectories specific to renal toxicity has rarely been reported. The present study was designed to assess time-dependent changes in doxorubicin-induced nephropathy through urinary metabolomics and to reveal the molecular mechanism based on key pathways. Urinary metabolomics revealed that the 14th day was the critical time point for model construction. Pathw

The COX-2/prostanoid signaling cascades in seizure disorders.

Introduction：A robust neuroinflammatory response is a prevalent feature of multiple neurological disorders, including epilepsy and acute sta … ce is supportive but not definitive for a role of the COX signaling cascade in epileptogenesis. The cardiotoxicity associated with chronic coxib use, and the expectation that COX-2 inhibition will influence the levels of endocannabinoids, leukotrienes, and lipoxins as well as the prostaglandins and their endocannabinoid metabolite analogs, is shifting attention …

Causes of death after fluid bolus resuscitation: new insights from FEAST.

The Fluid Expansion as Supportive Therapy (FEAST study) was an extremely well conducted study that gave unexpected results. The investigators had reported that febrile children with impaired perfusion treated in low-income countries without access to intensive care are more likely to die if they receive bolus resuscitation with albumin or saline compared with no bolus resuscitation at all. In a secondary analysis of the trial, published in BMC Medicine, the authors found that increased mortality was evident in patients who presented with clinical features of severe shock in isolation or in con

Evaluation of Cardiac Mitochondrial Function by a Nuclear Imaging Technique using Technetium-99m-MIBI Uptake Kinetics.

Mitochondria play an important role in energy production for the cell. The proper function of a myocardial cell largely depends on the functional capacity of the mitochondria. Therefore it is necessary to establish a novel and reliable method for a non-invasive assessment of mitochondrial function and metabolism in humans. Although originally designed for evaluating myocardial perfusion, (99m)Tc-MIBI can be also used to evaluate cardiac mitochondrial function. In a clinical study on ischemic heart disease, reverse redistribution of (99m)Tc-MIBI was evident after direct percutaneous translumina

(+)-Usnic acid-induced myocardial toxicity in rats.

(+)-Usnic acid (UA) has been known to be a strong uncoupler, and mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-related stresses are suggested to be involved in the mechanism of hepatotoxicity. However, it has not been clarified whether UA causes toxicity in other mitochondria-rich organs such as the heart. We elucidated whether UA induces cardiotoxicity and its mechanism. UA was orally administered to rats for 14 days, and laboratory and histopathological examinations were performed in conjunction with toxicogenomic analysis. As a result, there was no alteration in blood chemistry, whereas cyto…

Snake venom PLA2s inhibitors isolated from Brazilian plants: synthetic and natural molecules.

Ophidian envenomation is an important health problem in Brazil and other South American countries. In folk medicine, especially in developin … om. PLA2s display a wide variety of pharmacological activities, such as neurotoxicity, myotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, anticoagulant, hemorrhagic, and edema-inducing effects. PLA2 inhibition is of pharmacological and therapeutic interests as these enzymes are involved in several inflammatory diseases. This review describes the results of several studies of plant ex …