Результаты поиска

Regional differences in oesophageal motor function.

GW Pharmaceuticals is undertaking a major research programme in the UK to develop and market distinct cannabis-based prescription medicines [THC:CBD, High THC, High CBD] in a range of medical conditions. The cannabis for this programme is grown in a secret location in the UK. It is expected that the product will be marketed in the US in late 2003. GW's cannabis-based products include selected phytocannabinoids from cannabis plants, including D9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). The company is investigating their use in three delivery systems, including sublingual spray, subling

Effect of Infusion of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide on Cluster Headache Attacks: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

IMPORTANCE: Signaling molecule calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) induces migraine attacks and anti-CGRP medications abort and prevent m … ividuals who were pregnant or nursing; cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, or psychiatric disease; and drug misuse. INTERVENTIONS: Thirty-seven patients with cluster headaches received intravenous infusion of 1.5 μg/min of CGRP or placebo over 20 minutes on 2 study days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Difference in incidence of cluster headache-like attacks, diff …

Development and Evaluation of a Digital App for Patient Self-Management of Opioid Use Disorder: Usability, Acceptability, and Utility Study.

BACKGROUND: Self-management of opioid use disorder (OUD) is an important component of treatment. Many patients receiving opioid agonist treatment in methadone maintenance treatment settings benefit from counseling treatments to help them improve their recovery skills but have insufficient access to these treatments between clinic appointments. In addition, many addiction medicine clinicians treating patients with OUD in a general medical clinic setting do not have consistent access to counseling referrals for their patients. This can lead to decreases in both treatment retention and overall pr

Extended-Release Viloxazine Compared with Atomoxetine for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In our outpatient pediatric and adult psychiatry centers, we reserve psychostimulants for predominantly inattentive attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) due to the potential for appetite and growth suppression, insomnia, wear off, exacerbation of mood, anxiety, and tics, or misuse. We utilize extended-release (ER) alpha-2 agonists primarily for hyperactivity/impulsivity but find them less effective for inattention, and they can cause sedation and hypotension. Oftentimes, we need to combine an alpha-2 agonist for behavior with psychostimulants for inattentio

Premature death after self-harm: a multicentre cohort study.

BACKGROUND: People who self-harm have an increased risk of premature death. The aim of this study was to investigate cause-specific prematur … l causes (0·30; p=0·58). Alcohol problems were associated with death from digestive-system disease, drug misuse with mental and behavioural disorders, and physical health problems with circulatory-system disease. INTERPRETATION: Physical health and life expectancy are severely compromised in individuals who self-harm compared with the general population. In …

Projecting severe sequelae of injection-related hepatitis C virus epidemic in the UK. Part 1: Critical hepatitis C and injector data.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C is transmitted by transfusion of unscreened blood, through injecting drugs, from mother-to-child and, on occasion, s … cal data sources are identified for quantitative understanding of the underlying injector epidemic: drug misuse databases plus capture-recapture methods to assess number of injectors, drug-related deaths by region to assess injector numbers; number of HIV-infected injectors; HIV progression in injectors; overdose and other causes of death in injectors; expert …

Pseudoseizures and hysterical stridor.

Differentiation of pseudoseizures from epileptic seizures and hysterical stridor from asthma is key to the treatment of patients. Both pseudoseizures and hysterical stridor are associated commonly with sexual abuse, eating disorders, depression, substance abuse, anxiety disorders, and personality disorders. Failure to reach an appropriate diagnosis results in inappropriate medical care including recurrent intubations, antiepileptic drugs, and excessive hospitalizations. This case represents the first instance of reported pseudoseizures in a patient with hysterical stridor secondary to childhoo

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Muscle Dysmorphia and Anabolic Steroid-Related Psychopathology: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background/Objectives: Muscle dysmorphia (MD), a subtype of body dysmorphic disorder, is prevalent among males who engage in the non-medical use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) and performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs). These individuals often experience severe psychopathology, including mood instability, compulsivity, and a distorted body image. Despite its clinical severity, no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have evaluated structured psychological treatments in this subgroup. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a manualized cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) protocol in reduc

Alcohol, HMGB1, and Innate Immune Signaling in the Brain.

PURPOSE: Binge drinking (i.e., consuming enough alcohol to achieve a blood ethanol concentration of 80 mg/dL, approximately 4-5 drinks within 2 hours), particularly in early adolescence, can promote progressive increases in alcohol drinking and alcohol-related problems that develop into compulsive use in the chronic relapsing disease, alcohol use disorder (AUD). Over the past decade, neuroimmune signaling has been discovered to contribute to alcohol-induced changes in drinking, mood, and neurodegeneration. This review presents a mechanistic hypothesis supporting high mobility group box protein

Comparative efficacy and tolerability of pharmacological interventions for acute bipolar depression in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Bipolar depression constitutes a major public health problem due to its substantial burden of disease. Although pharmacological interventions are available, guidelines required updated evidence synthesis to improve their current recommendations. In order to inform evidence-based prescribing, we investigated the comparative efficacy and tolerability of pharmacological interventions for acute bipolar depression. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis. We searched for randomised controlled trials comparing pharmacological interventions with each other or

[Herbal textual research on Chinese medicine "Huangjing" (Polygonati Rhizoma)and some enlightenments].

To clarify the change and development of the original plants， medicinal organs， traditional functions， resource distribution of "Huangjing"(Polygonati Rhizome)， a traditional Chinese medicine， we investigated Polygonatum species on the ancient Chinese herbal texts. The name of "Nüwei" was first carried out in the book of Sheng Nong's Herbal Classic. Its effects included two aspects： one was similar to "Weirui"(Polygonati Odorati Rhizome， "Yuzhu")， that was tonifying， nourishing one's vitality， removing wind and dampness， settling five organs， making body lightness， keeping longevity and not be

Biochemical Benefits, Diagnosis, and Clinical Risks Evaluation of Kratom.

BACKGROUND: Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a tropical tree with a long history of traditional use in parts of Africa and Southeast Asia. Kratom is also known as Thom, Thang, and Biak. Its leaves and the teas brewed from them have long been used by people in that region to manage pain and opioid withdrawal and to stave off fatigue. Kratom is actually consumed throughout the world for its stimulant effects and as an opioid substitute (in form of tea, chewed, smoked, or ingested in capsules). Some case reports have associated kratom exposure with psychosis, seizures, intrahepatic cholestasis, oth

Antibiotic Prescriptions and Prophylaxis in Italian Children. Is It Time to Change? Data from the ARPEC Project.

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobials are the most commonly prescribed drugs. Many studies have evaluated antibiotic prescriptions in the paediatric outpatient but few studies describing the real antibiotic consumption in Italian children's hospitals have been published. Point-prevalence survey (PPS) has been shown to be a simple, feasible and reliable standardized method for antimicrobials surveillance in children and neonates admitted to the hospital. In this paper, we presented data from a PPS on antimicrobial prescriptions carried out in 7 large Italian paediatric institutions. METHODS: A 1-day PPS

Medical records and issues in negligence.

It is very important for the treating doctor to properly document the management of a patient under his care. Medical record keeping has evolved into a science of itself. This will be the only way for the doctor to prove that the treatment was carried out properly. Moreover, it will also be of immense help in the scientific evaluation and review of patient management issues. Medical records form an important part of the management of a patient. It is important for the doctors and medical establishments to properly maintain the records of patients for two important reasons. The first one is tha

Etiology of methemoglobinemia in the National Poison Data System®: an observational study.

INTRODUCTION: Methemoglobinemia is a recognized complication of exposure to numerous xenobiotics. Identifying xenobiotics most often linked to this condition can guide diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to summarize substances associated with methemoglobinemia using data from the National Poison Data System® (NPDS®) in order to identify more contemporary causes of methemoglobinemia. The primary objective is to identify the most frequent causative xenobiotics. Secondary objectives include describing xenobiotics linked to methylene blue treatment, deaths, and age-related patterns. METHODS

Prevalence of prenatal alcohol use among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal women in the Northern Territory, Australia: estimate from perinatal, emergency, and admission datasets.

BACKGROUND: Prenatal Alcohol Use (PAU) has detrimental effects on mothers and their children. Robust estimates of the prevalence of PAU and associated risk factors are critical for informing interventions to reduce adverse health impacts. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of PAU among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal mothers in the Northern Territory of Australia. METHODS: We used linked individual-level records from the NT perinatal register, hospital admissions, and emergency department presentations to estimate the prevalence of PAU for all 19,588 births to NT-resid

The impact of knowledge on attitudes of emergency department staff towards patients with substance related presentations: a quantitative systematic review protocol.

CENTER CONDUCTING THE REVIEW: University of Manitoba and Queens Joanna Briggs Collaboration for Patient Safety: a Collaborating Center of the Joanna Briggs Institute REVIEW QUESTION/OBJECTIVE: The overall objective of this systematic review is to synthesize the available evidence on the relationship between new knowledge (gained through educational interventions about substance use/abuse) and health care providers' attitudes (measured by well validated instruments such as the Drug and Drug Problems Perceptions Questionnaire [DDPPQ], the Short Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionna

The efficacy of modified psychodynamic psychotherapy for patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders in Germany: a prospective, single-centre, assessor-blinded, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: People with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders have difficulties in interpersonal functioning that remain insufficiently addressed … brain disorder, somatic illness affecting cerebral function, and current or past alcohol or illicit drug misuse requiring addiction-specific treatment. Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 in blocks of ten to MPP-S (minimum 30 sessions) plus TAU or TAU alone. Outcome assessors were masked, but participants and therapists were not. The primary outcome was p …

Понимание отказа от долгосрочных условий с помощью электронных медицинских записей: обзор скопирования.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Множественные долгосрочные условия (ДТЦ) требуют сложных и продолжительных режимов лечения. Ремиссия в долгосрочных условиях (ДКН) имеет важное значение для понимания динамики заболеваний и оценки эффективности лечения. Электронные медицинские записи (ЭПЧ) все чаще используются для мониторинга клинических результатов, однако вопрос о том, каким образом определяется ремиссия в рамках ЭПЧ, остается неясным. ЦЕЛЬ: Цель настоящего исследования заключалась в обобщении и обобщении предыдущей литературы о том, каким образом ремиссия ЛТК определяется в ЭПЧ.МЕТОДЫ: Систематически

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) require complex and prolonged treatment regimens. Remission in long-term conditions (LTCs) … y bowel disease (41/91, 45.1%), type 2 diabetes (n=15, 16.5%), depression (n=15, 16.5%), alcohol or drug misuse (n=8, 8.8%), asthma (n=3, 3.3%), multiple sclerosis (n=3, 3.3%), epilepsy (n=1, 1.1%), anemia (n=1, 1.1%), chronic kidney disease (n=1, 1.1%), autoimmune pancreatitis (n=1, 1.1%), hypertension (n=1, 1.1%), heart failure (n=1, 1.1%), and MLTC (n=1, 1 …

Opioid-Free Discharge After Pancreatic Resection Through a Learning Health System Paradigm.

IMPORTANCE: Postoperative opioid overprescribing leads to persistent opioid use and excess pills at risk for misuse and diversion. A learning health system paradigm using risk-stratified pancreatectomy clinical pathways (RSPCPs) may lead to reduction in inpatient and discharge opioid volume. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the outcomes of 2 iterative RSPCP updates on inpatient and discharge opioid volumes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study included 832 consecutive adult patients at an urban comprehensive cancer center who underwent pancreatic resection between October 2016 and April