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Comparison of patient-reported and clinician-assessed outcomes following total knee arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND: Although the necessity of long-term follow-up after total knee arthroplasty is unquestioned, this task may become burdensome as greater numbers of total knee arthroplasties are performed. We sought to use comparisons with clinician-assessed values to determine whether patients could reliably assess their own outcome with use of a combination of American Knee Society Score and Oxford Knee Score questionnaires and self-reported knee motion. We hypothesized that patients would self-report worse pain and function and a similar range of knee motion than clinicians would. METHODS: One h

Joint modeling of performance and subjective reporting to assess sensitivity to drug-induced sleepiness.

In an NASA ground study, two forms of cognitive tests were evaluated in terms of their sensitivity to sleepiness induced by the drug promethazine (PMZ). Performance for the two test modes (Y(1) and Y(2)), PMZ concentration, and a self-reported sleepiness using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) were monitored for 12 h post dose. A problem arises when using KSS to establish an association between true sleepiness and performance because KSS scores are discrete and also because they tend to concentrate on certain values. Therefore, we define a latent sleepiness measure X as an unobserved conti

Body volume changes during simulated microgravity: auditory changes, segmental fluid redistribution, and regional hemodynamics.

Space adaptation syndrome (SAS), manifested by cephalad fluid shifts, spacial disorientation, nausea, and vomiting, is of varied expression and uncertain etiology. One theory is that fluid shift to the upper body alters the function of the vestibular apparatus to create an entity similar to Meniere's disease. Since clinical vestibular dysfunction syndromes are mirrored by altered cochlear function, this experiment was undertaken to study the relation between fluid redistribution and the auditory effects of initial antiorthostatic bed rest. Manual and bone audiometry, impedance tympanometry, an

Influence of Distraction Factors on Performance in Laparoscopic Surgery in Immersive Virtual Reality: Study Protocol of a Cross-Over Trial in Medical Students and Residents-DisLapVR.

BACKGROUND: Working in an operating room (OR) is physically and mentally challenging: the operation itself demands the surgeon's full attent … ulator. During the experiment, subjective passing of time, stress, heart rate, and visually induced motion sickness are recorded. After the experiment, validated questionnaires for usability, immersion, and stress were completed, as well as subjective evaluation of the distractions. The questionnaires used included the system usability scale, Self-Assessment Mani …

[Psychological and psychiatric problems in cancer patients: relationship to the localization of the disease].

Cancer may be localized in a variety of areas in the human body. This localization is associated with significant issues concerning not only therapy and prognosis but also psychological and psychiatric problems that the patient may be confronted with. The psychic impact on the patient is determined to a significant degree by the symbolism the affected organ carries. The symbolic significance of a sick body area triggers emotions and sets in motion self-defence mechanisms. In this way, patients deal with the new psychic reality that cancer creates. Therapeutic choices may include interventions,

Short-Term Outcome of Multi-Ligament Knee Injury among Sudanese Patients.

BACKGROUND: Multi-ligament knee injury is the state of having two or more of the major knee ligaments, namely: the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), the medial collateral ligament (MCL), the lateral collateral ligament (LCL), the posteromedial corner (PMC), and the posterolateral corner (PLC). The knee is a hinge joint; this dictates two direction movements on the y-axis plane. The knee joints carry the weight load of the body uniquely. The role of the knee ligaments is not conserved only to maintain knee in a rigid position while standing, but also orche

[Vascularized fibular transplant for avascular necrosis of the femoral head: 16 cases].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: We report our experience with vascularized fibular transplant using the technique described by Urbaniak for the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixteen patients, mean age 39 years 4 months at surgery, were evaluated at mean 3 years 6 months follow-up (minimum 15 months). Mean pain score (analog visual scale) was 6.25/10. Mean Postel-Merle-d'Aubigné (PMA) function score was 12. The Ficat classification was grade 2A (n=9) or grade 2B (n=7). RESULTS: There were no cases of infection or migration of the fibula. The only complicatio

[Effects of heart rate on body surface potential distribution in patients with atrial pacemaker].

Nine patients of sick sinus syndrome with atrial programmable pacemaker (3 males and 6 females, aged from 53 to 72 years) were studied to assess the effect of heart rate on the body surface potential distribution. Body surface maps (87 lead points) and M-mode echocardiograms were recorded at 20-beat increments of heart rate from 60 to 140 beats/min during atrial pacing. The potential changes of R and S voltages were evaluated quantitatively and were correlated with the changes of echocardiographically measured left ventricular dimension. As the heart rate increased, left ventricular dimension

Virtual Reality for the Prevention and Cessation of Nicotine Vaping in Youths: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Only a few trials target high school-aged teens with vaping interventions, typically focusing on prevention rather than cessatio … fficacy to quit or avoid vaping, positive and negative affect, emotional regulation and coping, and motion sickness. RESULTS: The project was approved by the institutional review board on April 2, 2024, and data collection began in April 2024 and concluded in June 2024, and 150 participants were recruited (98 intervention and 52 control). Although freshmen and s …

Virtual Reality-Based Exercise Rehabilitation in Cancer-Related Dysfunctions: Scoping Review.

BackgroundVirtual reality-based exercise rehabilitation (VRER) is a promising intervention for patients with cancer-related dysfunctions (CRDs). However, studies focusing on VRER for CRDs are lacking, and the results are inconsistent.ObjectiveWe aimed to review the application of VRER in patients with CRDs.MethodsThis scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist framework. Publications were included from the time of database establishment to October 14, 2023. The databases were

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… This finding is not consistent with the results in the studies by Tuena et al [ 63 ] and Buche et al [ 64 ], who found that immersive VR appeared to be associated with less motion sickness. The difference in the findings may be related to the intervention duration. …

Psychological Effects of Heart Rate and Physical Vibration on the Operation of Construction Machines: Experimental Study.

BACKGROUND: A construction method has emerged in which a camera is installed around a construction machine, and the operator remotely contro … istically significant differences (P=.05) in HRV-LF/HF, the vibration index, weighted acceleration, motion sickness dose value (MSDVz), and the driving time among the three operation patterns. The riding operation was found to reduce the driving time of the machine, but the operation stress was the highest in this case; operation based on the monitor image was fo …

The analysis of 168 randomised controlled trials to test data integrity.

The purpose of this study was to use some statistical methods to assess if randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published by one particular a … he expected, their likelihoods being: previous postoperative nausea and vomiting 1 in 2.5 × 10(6) ; motion sickness 1 in 1.0 × 10(4) ; male or female 1 in 140; antihypertensive drug 1 in 25; postoperative headache 1 in 7.1 × 10(10) ; postoperative dizziness 1 in 1.6 × 10(6) ; postoperative drowsiness 1 in 3.8 × 10(4) . Distributions for individual RCTs were incon …

The relationship between patient risk factors and early versus late postoperative emetic symptoms.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remain common complications after elective surgery. Prophylactic antiemetic drugs are f … oring system, which assigns one point each for female gender, nonsmoking status, history of PONV or motion sickness, and postoperative opioid use. It was assumed that all patients would receive an opioid analgesic in the postoperative period. The patients received 0, 1, 2, or 3 antiemetic drugs for prophylaxis. The occurrence of nausea, vomiting, and need for res …

Effects of microgravity on osteoblast growth.

Studies from space flights over the past two decades have demonstrated that basic physiological changes occur in humans during space flight. These changes include cephalic fluid shifts, loss of fluid and electrolytes, loss of muscle mass, space motion sickness, anemia, reduced immune response, and loss of calcium and mineralized bone. The cause of most of these manifestations is not known and until recently, the general approach was to investigate general systemic changes, not basic cellular responses to microgravity. Recently analyzed data from the 1973-1974 Skylabs disclose that there is a r…

HazAPP: Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial to enhance parental instruction of teens' hazard anticipation skill during the learner phase of licensure.

BACKGROUND: Despite very low crash rates during the learner phase of supervised licensure, teen driver crash rates immediately spike at the … n completed questionnaires and engaged in an acclimation drive to ensure dyads would not experience motion sickness in simulated driving. All participants were then given a dashcam to record four naturalistic driving sessions before returning for Visit 2 where participants completed a study drive with 17 embedded hazards. Driving sessions (simulated and naturalis …

Polygenic Score for the Prediction of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: A Retrospective Derivation and Validation Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a key driver of unplanned admission and patient satisfaction after surgery. Because … ch is at least an order of magnitude smaller than the increase associated with having prior PONV or motion sickness (55%), having a history of migraines (17%), or being female (83%) and is not clinically significant. Furthermore, the use of a polygenic risk score does not meaningfully improve discrimination compared to clinical risk factors and is not clinically …

Use of an Immersive Virtual Reality Application to Educate Medical Students in Patient Handover: Pilot Study.

BACKGROUND: Patient handover is a daily task for doctors and nurses, and structured handovers have been proven to positively impact patient … g curriculum. Furthermore, the VR program was tested for its usability, immersion, visually induced motion sickness (VIMS), and eye strain. Participants were evaluated for their motivation, time spent studying, and experience in VR, as well as their impressions of the use of VR in medical education. METHODS: Handover training using the ISBAR method and patient a …

Perspectives of 360-Degree Cinematic Virtual Reality: Interview Study Among Health Care Professionals.

BACKGROUND: The global market for medical education is projected to increase exponentially over the next 5 years. A mode of delivery expecte … e resolution, and sound quality but noted limitations with the buttons on the headsets and risk for motion sickness; and perceived utility of cine-VR as a teaching tool: participants described cine-VR as an effective teaching tool because it activated visual and affective learning for them. CONCLUSIONS: Participants emphasized the realism of the cine-VR training …

Immersive Virtual Reality Avatars for Embodiment Illusions in People With Mild to Borderline Intellectual Disability: User-Centered Development and Feasibility Study.

BACKGROUND: Immersive virtual reality (IVR) has been investigated as a tool for treating psychiatric conditions. In particular, the practica … Nonetheless, embodiment illusions showed a tedious and complex need for (control) habituation (eg, motion sickness), possibly hindering uptake in practice. CONCLUSIONS: Balancing the embodiment immersion by focusing on interaction habituation (eg, controller-based locomotion) and lowering customization effort seems crucial to achieve both high SoE and usability …