Результаты поиска

Elevated osteopontin reflects systemic inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

We examined the expression and localization of osteopontin (OPN) in various organs in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). To evaluate the level of OPN in blood and various tissues, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot analysis of OPN were performed. The serum level of OPN was significantly increased in mice with EAE, and OPN was upregulated in all tissues examined, including the liver, kidneys, intestines, and spinal cord. OPN immunoreactivity was noted in inflammatory cells (mainly macrophages) and was enhanced in constitutively expressed cell types in the…

Новые антивоспалительные соединения, которые смягчают экспериментальный аутоиммунный энцефаломиэлит.

Множественный склероз (MS) — аутоиммунное заболевание, характеризующееся главным образом провокационным демиэлированием. Несмотря на значительные исследовательские усилия, эффективные методы лечения НР остаются ограниченными. Скрининг наркотиков является многообещающим подходом к быстрому выявлению потенциальных терапевтических соединений. Целью этого исследования является проверка соединений, которые могут оказывать антивоспалительное воздействие и смягчать экспериментальный аутоиммунный энцефаломиелит (EAE), т.е. ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ: фундаментальное исследование in vitro и in vivo. Для проверки лек

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease primarily characterized by inflammatory demyelination. Despite significant rese … to screen compounds that can exert anti-inflammatory effects and alleviate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. STUDY DESIGN: A fundamental research in vitro and in vivo. A high-throughput screen was performed to screen drugs that can mitigate EAE and the molecular mechanism was explored. METHODS: Based on our previous research …

Экспериментальный аутоиммунный энцефаломиэлит вызывает мышечную дисфункцию мышей.

Множественный склероз (MS) — нервно-воспалительное заболевание мозга и спинного мозга, характеризующееся обезвоживанием, нейродегенерацией и хроническим воспалением. Более 90% людей с MS имеют периферийные мышечные дисфункции и постепенное снижение мобильности. Текущее лечение смягчает подстрекательские процессы, но не предотвращает прогрессирование заболеваний. В связи с этим сохраняется неудовлетворенная потребность в новых и/или дополнительных терапевтических подходах, которые конкретно улучшают мышечно-функциональное функционирование этого пациента. Разработка новых методов лечения скелетн

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disease affecting the brain and spinal cord and characterized by demyelination, neurodegenera … on-invasive approach to assess muscle function, we demonstrate in vivo that Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) impairs skeletal muscle strength. Our data reveal a 28.3% (p < 0.0001) lower muscle force in animals with EAE compared to healthy control mice during electrically evoked tetanic muscle contractions that occur at intervals of 0.25 s and thus mi …

Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Influences GH-Axis in Female Rats.

Inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage to the central nervous system (CNS) are the hallmarks of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its representative animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). There is scientific evidence for the involvement of growth hormone (GH) in autoimmune regulation. Previous data on the relationship between the GH/insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis and MS/EAE are inconclusive; therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the changes in the GH axis during acute monophasic EAE. The results show that the gene expression of Ghrh and Sst in …

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following Saint Louis encephalitis virus infection.

Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) infection is an arbovirosis associated with a broad spectrum of neurological complications. We present a case of a 55-year-old man hailing from Manaus, a city situated in the heart of the Amazon Rainforest, who exhibited symptoms of vertigo, tremors, urinary and fecal retention, compromised gait, and encephalopathy 3 weeks following SLEV infection. Neuroaxis MRI revealed diffuse, asymmetric, and poorly defined margins hyperintense lesions with peripheral and ring enhancement in subcortical white matter, as well as severe spinal cord involvement. Serology f

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis due to a zoonotic co-infection.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a post-infectious, autoimmune, demyelinating neurological illness, usually attributed to infection with viruses. We describe a case of ADEM occurring in a child with Leptospira-Brucella co-infection. The 12-year-old girl developed a biphasic febrile illness with encephalopathy. On evaluation, she was found to have serological evidence of Brucella and Leptospira infections. Persistence of neurological symptoms after initiating treatment for the co-infection led us to do a magnetic resonance imaging scan of the brain which showed typical findings su…

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a typical autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by inflammatory infiltration, demyelination, and axonal damage. Currently, there are no measures to cure MS completely, but multiple disease-modifying therapies (DMT) are available to control and mitigate disease progression. There are significant similarities between the CNS pathological features of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and MS patients. EAE has been widely used as a representative model to determine MS drugs' efficacy and explore the development of new therapies…

COVID-19-Associated Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: A Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to provide an overview of acute disseminating encephalomyelitis, a potential and serious complication of COVID-19. METHODS: Three primary databases were used, PubMed, LitCovid, and WHO. The final review articles reported acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in COVID-19-positive patients and were full-text, peer-reviewed articles. Articles which did not have patient data such as in vitro studies and articles with unclear inference were excluded. RESULTS: Out of 21 cases of ADEM, the diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 …

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: Psychiatric Presentation of a Rare Diagnosis.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that is characterized by widespread demyelination, predominantly involving the white matter of the brain and spinal cord. Often caused by a viral infection or vaccination, its clinical features include an acute encephalopathy with multifocal neurologic signs and deficits in children. It can present with psychosis, depression, or abnormal behavior, and it might mimic a dissociative disorder. This report involves a similar rare case of a 14-year-old female patient who presented with fl…

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following Tdap vaccination and bacterial meningoencephalitis.

INTRODUCTION: Association of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) with both recent vaccination and viral infections is well described in current literature. However, the coincidence of ADEM and bacterial infections has been rarely documented. In this report, we present a case of ADEM which occurred after bacterial meningoencephalitis and prior vaccination against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap). CASE PRESENTATION: A 62-year old woman was hospitalized with an upper respiratory tract infection three weeks after Tdap triple vaccination. A few days after admission, she became som…

Progranulin deficiency confers resistance to autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice.

Progranulin is a secreted neurotrophin that assists in the autophagolysosomal pathways that contribute to MHC-mediated antigen processing, pathogen removal, and autoimmunity. We showed that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have high levels of circulating progranulin and that its depletion in a mouse model by a monoclonal antibody aggravates MS-like experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). However, unexpectedly, progranulin-deficient mice (Grn-/-) were resistant to EAE, and this resistance was fully restored by wild-type bone marrow transplantation. FACS analyses revealed a loss of…

SFX-01 reduces residual disability after experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

BACKGROUND: Nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a master transcriptional regulator of the protective cellular response to oxidative stress. Sulforaphane is a Nrf2 activator but is unstable at ambient temperature. SFX-01 is a novel composition comprised of synthetic sulforaphane stabilised within the pocket of an α-cyclodextrin complex. Here we tested the efficacy of SFX-01 in murine relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). METHODS: Relapsing EAE was induced in female SJL mice using immunization against PLP13…

TDP-43 proteinopathy in Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus infection.

TDP-43, an RNA-binding protein that is primarily nuclear and important in splicing and RNA metabolism, is mislocalized from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of neural cells in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and contributes to disease. We sought to investigate whether TDP-43 is mislocalized in infections with the acute neuronal GDVII strain and the persistent demyelinating DA strain of Theiler's virus murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV), a member of the Cardiovirus genus of Picornaviridae because: i) L protein of both strains is known to disrupt nucleocytoplasmic transport, including transp…

MOG encephalomyelitis: international recommendations on diagnosis and antibody testing.

Over the past few years, new-generation cell-based assays have demonstrated a robust association of autoantibodies to full-length human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-IgG) with (mostly recurrent) optic neuritis, myelitis and brainstem encephalitis, as well as with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)-like presentations. Most experts now consider MOG-IgG-associated encephalomyelitis (MOG-EM) a disease entity in its own right, immunopathogenetically distinct from both classic multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMO…

Maladaptive cortical hyperactivity upon recovery from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients exhibit neuropsychological symptoms in early disease despite the immune attack occurring predominantly in white matter and spinal cord. It is unclear why neurodegeneration may start early in the disease and is prominent in later stages. We assessed cortical microcircuit activity by employing spiking-specific two-photon Ca2+ imaging in proteolipid protein-immunized relapsing-remitting SJL/J mice in vivo. We identified the emergence of hyperactive cortical neurons in remission only, independent of direct immune-mediated damage and paralleled by elevated anxiety.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: Updates on an inflammatory CNS syndrome.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune-mediated demyelinating CNS disorder with predilection to early childhood. ADEM is generally considered a monophasic disease. However, recurrent ADEM has been described and defined as multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis. ADEM often occurs postinfectiously, although a causal relationship has never been established. ADEM and multiple sclerosis are currently viewed as distinct entities, generally distinguishable even at disease onset. However, pathologic studies have demonstrated transitional cases of yet unclear significance. ADEM is…

Co-morbid Guillain-Barré syndrome and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) are clinically distinct demyelinating disorders that share an autoimmune pathogenesis and prior history of viral infection or vaccination. Concurrent GBS and ADEM are uncommon with few reported cases. Our patient is a 10-year-old girl who presented with acute quadriparesis, areflexia, and urinary retention. Lumber puncture revealed mild pleocytosis and elevated protein. She required mechanical ventilation and failed to improve after intravenous immunoglobulins. She subsequently developed double vision and disturbed l…

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in conjunction with inflammatory bowel disease.

Neurological complications in paediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are rare. Most previous reports involve cerebral venous thrombosis, central nervous system vasculitis, or peripheral nerve inflammation. We report a child with active inflammatory bowel disease complicated by acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). The child presented with acute neurological deficits following an exacerbation of colitis with evidence of lesions in the central nervous system white matter on magnetic resonance imaging. Ancillary investigations did not provide evidence of systemic infecti…