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Regulation of body fluid volume and electrolyte concentrations in spaceflight.

Despite a number of difficulties in performing experiments during weightlessness, a great deal of information has been obtained concerning t … e is not suppressed, though its level is highly variable and its secretion may be affected by space motion sickness and environmental factors. Plasma renin activity and aldosterone are generally elevated at landing, consistent with sodium retention, but inflight levels have been variable. Salt intake may be an important factor influencing the levels of these horm …

Association of functional status with changes in physical activity: insights from a behavioral intervention for participants with arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze change over 6 months in accelerometer-measured physical activity for participants with arthritis in a physical activity promotion trial. We tested the hypothesis that participants with the highest baseline functional capacity, regardless of their intervention status, experienced the greatest increases in physical activity levels at 6-month follow-up. DESIGN: At baseline, participants were interviewed in person, completed a 5-minute timed walk, and wore a biaxial accelerometer for 1 week, with a subsequent week of accelerometer wear at 6 months. We present data on the cha

Lateral epicondylalgia: a structured programme better than corticosteroids and NSAID.

AIM: To evaluate whether patients with lateral epicondylalgia had less pain or function loss two years following treatment by a structured programme and if the number of recurrent episodes and sick leave days differed compared with a control group. SUBJECTS: All of the patients were diagnosed by a physician with the diagnosis code M77.1 (lateral epicondylitis). The intervention group (n = 103) was treated by a physiotherapist and an occupational therapist with a home training programme that included ergonomic advice. Wrist supports and/or night bandages were also available. Controls (n = 194)

What matters most for patients, parents, and clinicians in the course of juvenile idiopathic arthritis? A qualitative study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess which clinical features are most important for patients, parents, and clinicians in the course of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). METHODS: Forty-nine people participated in 6 audience-specific focus group discussions and 112 reciprocal interviews in 3 Canadian cities. Participants included youth with JIA, experienced English- and French-speaking parents, novice parents (<6 mos since diagnosis), pediatric rheumatologists, and allied health professionals. Participants discussed the importance of 34 JIA clinical features extracted from medical literature. Transcripts an

German short musculoskeletal function assessment questionnaire (SMFA-D): comparison with the SF-36 and WOMAC in a prospective evaluation in patients with primary osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty.

In a prospective clinical trial, the German short musculoskeletal function assessment (SMFA-D), the short form (SF)-36, and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) were evaluated in 63 patients with primary osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty. All instruments were sensitive to change, demonstrating the effect of total knee arthroplasty at 1-year follow-up. The SMFA-D effect sizes in comparable scales were bigger than in the SF-36 and similar to those of the WOMAC. Significant correlations of the SMFA-D indices with the SF-36 and WOMAC scales pre

Occipitocervical stabilization for myelopathy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Implications of not bone-grafting.

BACKGROUND: Approximately 0.9 percent of the white adult population of the United States and 1.1 percent of the adult population in Europe are affected by seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. As many as 10 percent of those patients may need an operation for atlantoaxial subluxation. Severe instability, especially when associated with vertical subluxation of the odontoid process, can result in progressive cervical myelopathy. Typically, occipitocervical fixation has been performed for these patients with use of autograft bone to achieve long-term stability through a solid fusion. Harvesting the b

[Characteristics of the subtype of vestibular migraine with ear fullness: association with early onset age and low-frequency hearing loss].

Objective:The clinical significance of aural fullness in patients with vestibular migraine（VM） remains unclear, and it is yet to be determin … lly significant inter-group differences were found in medical history and family history, including motion sickness history（8.0% vs. 4.0%, Fisher P=0.337）, headache history（22.7% vs. 34.3%, P=0.084）, and family history of dizziness（12.0% vs. 14.1%, P=0.666）. ⑤For audiological characteristics, 21.3%（16/75） of patients in the aural fullness group had low-frequency …

Оценка киберзаболевания в бессмертных виртуальных средах: систематический обзор с последствиями для неврологической реабилитации.

Введение. Распространение виртуальных технологий виртуальной реальности (ВР) изменило характер взаимодействия людей с цифровой средой, открывая беспрецедентные возможности в различных областях: от развлечений и образования до здравоохранения и лечения психических заболеваний. Велосипедный VR все чаще внедряется в моторные и когнитивные программы в нейро-абилитации, где крайне важно обеспечить безопасность пациентов и соблюдение курса лечения. Несмотря на свою актуальность, концептуализация и измерение киберболезни (КШ) остаются фрагментированными в разных дисциплинах, при этом различные инстру

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… -The Motion Sickness Assessment Questionnaire (MSAQ) is a self-report instrument designed to evaluate the multidimensional nature of motion sickness symptoms. … -The Fast Motion Sickness Scale (FMS), developed by Keshavarz and Hecht in 2011 [ 32 ], is a single-item verbal rating tool designed to assess the severity of motion sickness symptoms in real time during exposure to motion stimuli, including VR environments. …

Экспериментальное технико-экономическое обоснование исследования виртуальной оценки гейт на основе реальности с орехами у людей с множественным склерозом: исследовательский протокол.

Множественный склероз (МС) часто приводит к значительным нарушениям в походах и мобильности. Несмотря на то, что пешие брекеты обычно предписываются, их эффективность в реальном мире ограничивается недостаточной адаптацией. Традиционные клинические оценки основываются на субъективных масштабах и могут не в полной мере отражать проблемы повседневной жизни. Неизмеримая виртуальная реальность (VR) и износимые сенсоры предлагают перспективные решения для экологического мониторинга, однако их комбинированное использование по-прежнему не является приемлемым для ортопедической поддержки в MS. В рамка

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… Cybersickness, specifically, is a common condition, similar to motion sickness that occurs in VR due to a mismatch between visual input and bodily sensory feedback. … Associations between physiological signals and subjective workload/motion sickness (NASA‐TLX, IPQ, and SSQ) will also be investigated through correlation analyses. …

Adult cancer survivors' perceptions of immersive virtual reality exercise and its utility during chemotherapy infusion: a concurrent mixed method exploratory study.

PurposeVirtual reality (VR) exercise may help promote physical activity in cancer survivors. Understanding infusion-specific barriers and facilitators is essential for designing effective interventions that can be integrated into chemotherapy care. This study explored adult cancer survivors' perceptions and preferences regarding VR exercise during chemotherapy infusion.MethodsThis exploratory concurrent mixed-methods study included community-dwelling adults (≥ 18 years) who had completed primary cancer treatment involving chemotherapy. Participants trialled a commercially available immersive V

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… Convergent with the quantitative symptom data, some participants also reported some short-lived symptoms such as a feeling of disorientation, nausea, motion sickness and increased heart rate. … Other barriers included possible nausea or motion sickness, possible issues with cannula insertion safety (i.e. cannula dislodging) and possible claustrophobia. Several participants mentioned that it may be a problem if participants were unaware of their surroundings in the infusion suite. …

Efficacy of 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonists versus metoclopramide for preventing nausea and vomiting during azacitidine chemotherapy in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes or acute leukemia: a retrospective observational study.

BACKGROUND: 5-Hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonists (5-HT3RAs) and dexamethasone are recommended to prevent azacitidine-induced nausea and vomiting. In clinical practice, 5-HT3RAs or metoclopramide is often used without dexamethasone. In this study, we aimed to determine whether 5-HT3RAs or metoclopramide is more effective for suppressing nausea and vomiting during azacitidine-based chemotherapy. METHODS: This study was a single-center retrospective observational study. Patients with myeloid malignancies receiving azacitidine-based regimens were treated with a 5-HT3RA (ramosetron or granis

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… In addition, young age, female sex, non-habitual alcohol intake, a history of motion sickness, and morning sickness in females have been identified as patient-related factors affecting the effectiveness of antiemetic therapy [ 15 , 16 ]. … Age, sex, alcohol consumption, history of motion sickness, and history of morning sickness are known to be risk factors for CINV [ 15 , 16 ]. As shown in Table 1 , age and sex were not significantly different between two groups. …

Изучение механизмов контроля баланса у людей с множественным склерозом в виртуальной реальности: систематический обзор.

ЦЕЛЬ: Множественный склероз (МС) снижает контроль за балансом, сказываясь на мобильности и качестве жизни. Виртуальная реальность (ВПР) открывает новые возможности для изучения механизмов сбалансированности и потенциальной реабилитации. В рамках этого обзора изучается контроль баланса у пациентов с НР с использованием VR, при этом проводится сопоставление ответов в VR и не VR-режимах с ответами со здоровым контролем. МЕТОДЫ: Этот систематический обзор проводился в соответствии с руководящими принципами ПРИСМА. Всесторонний поиск проводился по базам данных, включая PubMed, Web of Science, Scopu

Церковная боль и воздействие на качество жизни пациентов с множественным склерозом.

Основная цель этого исследования заключалась в оценке воздействия шейной боли на качество жизни пациентов с множественным склерозом по сравнению с группой здоровых людей (без болезней центральной нервной системы). Материалы и методы: В период с ноября 2023 года по август 2024 года данные были собраны в специализированном госпитале Сент-Лукаша в Коньском (Польша). Критерием включения в это исследование были следующие: возраст (20-50 лет), женщины и мужчины, здоровые люди (без болезней центральной нервной системы) и люди, страдающие множественным склерозом. Лицам из исследовательской группы был

Return to Work After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Longitudinal Analysis of Fatigue and Organ-Specific Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease.

BACKGROUND: Return to work (RTW) indicates long-term functional recovery following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), yet the impact of organ-specific chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) remains understudied. OBJECTIVE: To determine the probability and timing of RTW and identify its predictors, specifically fatigue and organ-specific cGvHD, using longitudinal nursing data. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 2,334 longitudinal nursing assessment records from 80 HSCT recipients (2016-2021). The probability of RTW over time was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier

A year in pharmacology: new drugs approved by the US food and drug administration in 2025.

The US Food and Drug Administration approved 45 new drugs and 4 new cellular and gene therapy products in 2025, that is, a total of 49 new medical therapies. Oncology, hematology/immunotherapy, and cardiovascular/respiratory drugs remain most frequent. Among oncology drugs, there is a trend for targeting ever smaller subtypes of malignancies and/or rarer malignancies. Trends over the past 6 years include steady levels of first-in-indication (about 10%), first-in-class (about 38%), and next-in-class (about 51%) approvals. Along with a large share of approvals in orphan indications (> 50%), fast

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… Tradipitant effectively prevented vomiting associated with motion sickness across a range of sea conditions (Polymeropoulos et al. 2025 ). The therapy may impair the ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. The most common AEs are somnolence, headache, and fatigue. … sickness; a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. …

Using antipsychotic agents in older patients.

OBJECTIVES: Antipsychotics are widely used in geriatric psychiatric disorders. A growing number of atypical antipsychotics are available, ex … anxiety disorder, nonpsychotic major depression, hypochondriasis, neuropathic pain, severe nausea, motion sickness, or irritability, hostility, and sleep disturbance in the absence of a major psychiatric syndrome. However, antipsychotics were favored in several other disorders. For agitated dementia with delusions, the experts' first-line recommendation is an an …

Prospects for repurposing CNS drugs for cancer treatment.

Drug repurposing is the idea of using an already approved drug for another disease or disorder away from its initial use. This new approach ensures the reduction in high cost required for developing a new drug in addition to the time consumed, especially in the tumor disorders that show an unceasing rising rate with an unmet success rate of new anticancer drugs. In our review, we will review the anti-cancer effect of some CNS drugs, including both therapeutic and preventive, by searching the literature for preclinical or clinical evidence for anticancer potential of central nervous system drug

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… This consequently leads to saving time and money and accelerate their entry to experimental clinical trials. 4 Thalidomide is a clear example that has been initially used for the treatment of motion sickness and then was withdrawn for its teratogenic effect. 5 Following further experimental studies, … This consequently leads to saving time and money and accelerate their entry to experimental clinical trials. 4 Thalidomide is a clear example that has been initially used for the treatment of motion sickness and then was withdrawn for its teratogenic effect. 5 Following further experimental studies, …

Innovative Approaches in Knee Osteoarthritis Treatment: A Comprehensive Review of Bone Marrow-Derived Products.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic articular disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of cartilage and bone tissue, leading to the appearance of subchondral cysts, osteophyte formation, and synovial inflammation. Conventional treatments consist of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), analgesics, and glucocorticoids. However, the prolonged use of these drugs causes adverse effects. NSAIDs, for instance, are known to be nephrotoxic, increasing the damage to articular cartilage. New therapies capable of accelerating the process of tissue regeneration and repair are bein

Health-related quality of life and function in middle-aged individuals with thalidomide embryopathy.

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of limb malformations on health-related quality of life (HRQL) and function of the extremities in middle-aged individuals with thalidomide embryopathy (TE). Between 1959 and 1962, approximately 150 children with multiple malformations were born in Sweden following the maternal intake of thalidomide during pregnancy, of whom 100 survived.MethodsThirty-one individuals with TE underwent evaluations of musculoskeletal manifestations by clinical examination. Validated questionnaires were used for the assessment of general HRQL [the 36-Item