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[Mechanisms of resistance in Enterobacteriaceae towards beta-lactamase antibiotics].

Except for Salmonella spp., all Enterobacteriaceae produce intrinsic chromosomal encoded beta-lactamases which, beside their physiologic rol … illin, ticarcillin and attenuated zone of inhibition to piperacillin, compared to piperacillin with tazobactam. They are susceptible to beta-lactamase inhibitors. Whereas P. mirabilis shows a minor chromosomal expression of beta-lactamases, P. vulgaris produces chromosomal beta-lactamases of class A (cefuroximases), causing resistance to ampicillin, ticarcil …

Continuous-infusion antipseudomonal Beta-lactam therapy in patients with cystic fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety, stability, pharmacoeconomics, and quality-of-life effects of contin … ture must be considered. Several beta-lactams have good stability at body temperature (piperacillin/tazobactam, ticarcillin/clavulanate, and aztreonam) or acceptable if the medication cartridge is changed twice daily (cefepime and doripenem), whereas other beta-lactams have acceptable 24-hour stability only at lower temperatures (cefepime, ceftazidime, dorip …

A Promising Candidate in the Treatment of Children with Bronchopneumonia: Erythromycin Plus PIP/TAZ.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of piperacillin-tazobactam (PIP/TAZ) versus PIP/TAZ plus erythromycin in the treatment of children with bronchopneumonia, and to evaluate the influence of these treatments on inflammatory factors and intestinal flora. Assessing the impact on these parameters is crucial to provide a comprehensive understanding of the treatment effects. METHODS: A total of 120 children with bronchial pneumonia who were treated in Yichang Central People's Hospital from April 2018 to April 2020 were randomized (1:1) either into the control group or the observation group. The…

Consensus for the treatment of upper urinary tract infections during pregnancy.

OBJECTIVES: To generate evidence-based recommendations through formal consensus regarding the treatment of upper urinary tract infections du … eration cephalosporins, taking risk-benefit into account. Recommendation 7. The use of piperacillin/tazobactam is suggested as a third option in pregnant women with upper UTIs and a history of infection caused by microorganisms with resistance to third or fourthgeneration cephalosporins. Recommendation 8. Getting a urine culture is recommended in pregnant wo …

Outcome and Adequacy of Empirical Antibiotherapy in Post-Operative Peritonitis: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Empirical antibiotherapy (EA) should target all bacteria in post-operative peritonitis (PP). Nevertheless, recent studies failed to prove a link between adequacy of EA and prognosis of PP. We sought to confirm this loss of association between adequate EA and prognosis and to analyze the evolution of patients' characteristics and antimicrobial strategies. Methods: This is was retrospective study. Patients with a positive fungal culture were excluded. The cohort was divided into two time periods. Data of survivors and non-survivors were compared within each time period. Differences b

Risk factors associated with preoperative fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in liver transplant recipients.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to identify risk factors associated with pre-transplant fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in liver transplant recipients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Over a 3-year period (January 2009-December 2011), 317 patients who underwent liver transplantation were screened preoperatively for fecal carriage of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Risk factors for fecal carriage were investigated by univariate analysis and stepwise logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the 317 patients screened, 50 (15.7%) harbored an ESBL-producin

Antibiotics resistance as a major public health concern: A pharmaco-epidemiological study to evaluate prevalence and antibiotics susceptibility-resistance pattern of bacterial isolates from multiple teaching hospitals.

BACKGROUND: Multi Drugs Resistance (MDR) is among the most worrisome healthcare issues resulting from inappropriate and indiscriminate utili … iotics including trimethoprim, co-trimoxazole, amoxicillin/clavulanate, ciprofloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefotaxime and ceftazidime. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of resistant strains of pathogens is increasing day by day, while the antibiotics commonly prescribed against them are losing their efficacy, which is pushing the world to the era of pre-antib …

[Investigation of the frequency and distribution of beta-lactamase genes in the clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii collected from different regions of Turkey: a multicenter study].

The diversity and distribution of TEM, SHV and CTX-M type of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are important for the treatment and c … lbactam, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefoperazone/sulbactam, tobramycin, ceftriaxone, piperacillin-tazobactam, gentamicin, ampicillin, tetracycline, cefepime, piperacillin, amikacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, meropenem, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem and ceftazidime were detected as; 0.6%, 2.7%, 11.9%, 15.2%, 21%, 22.9%, 23.9%, 48.6%, 59.5%, 61. …

Patterns of antibiotic use, pathogens, and prediction of mortality in hospitalized neonates and young infants with sepsis: A global neonatal sepsis observational cohort study (NeoOBS).

BACKGROUND: There is limited data on antibiotic treatment in hospitalized neonates in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We aimed to … egimen providing partial extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)/pseudomonal coverage (piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, or fluoroquinolone-based) (Group 3-"Medium" Watch), 18.0% (n = 566) started a carbapenem (Group 4-"High" Watch), and 1.8% (n = 57) a Reserve antibiotic (Group 5, largely colistin-based), and 728/2,880 (25.3%) of initial regimens in Gro …

Bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: Bloodstream infections have been the leading complications in cancer patients because they are at high risk for antibiotic-resis … fection (P = 0.000) compared to adult participants. Meropenem (100%), amikacin (100%), piperacillin/tazobactam (72.3%), and ceftazidime (73.5%) were effective against for Gram-negative isolates while cefoxitin (81.2%) and penicillin (70.5%) were effective for Gram-positive isolates. Additionally, most Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial isolates were s …

[Analysis of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance in neonatal purulent meningitis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical characteristics, pathogenic bacteria, and antibiotics resistance of neonatal purulent meningitis in order t … ampicillin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime and ceftazidime, but none of them was resistant to piperacillin tazobactam and imipenem. Of the 112 patients, 69 were cured, 23 improved, 9 uncured and 11 died. There were 47 cases (42.0%) with poor prognosis, they had abnormal head imageology, severe complications and some cases died, 13 of 18 (72.2%) patients with mening …

Resurgence of Pseudomonas endocarditis in Detroit, 2006-2008.

A resurgence of endocarditis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa was seen in 10 injection drug users (IDUs) in Detroit between 2006 and 2008 (6 me … ts initially treated with other antipseudomonal regimens, including cefepime alone and piperacillin/tazobactam plus tobramycin, failed treatment and were switched to cefepime and HDT. A third patient was switched to cefepime and ciprofloxacin because of nephrotoxicity. Two patients developed nephrotoxicity to tobramycin; 1 patient developed ototoxicity. The …

Early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotic therapy in patients with cancer who have low-risk neutropenic sepsis: the EASI-SWITCH RCT.

BACKGROUND: Neutropenic sepsis is a common complication of systemic anticancer treatment. There is variation in practice in timing of switch … onal Association for Supportive Care in Cancer score of ≥ 21 and receiving intravenous piperacillin/tazobactam or meropenem for < 24 hours were eligible. Patients with acute leukaemia or stem cell transplant were excluded. INTERVENTION: Early switch to oral ciprofloxacin (750 mg twice daily) and co-amoxiclav (625 mg three times daily) within 12-24 hours of …

"Can't Touch This!": Laparoscopic management of an obstructed uterus didelphys before and after treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the laparoscopic management of an obstructed uterus didelphys before and after treatment for pelvic inflammatory dise … complex müllerian anomaly. Patient continued on her antibiotic course, which included piperacillin-tazobactam, while hospitalized, followed by a five-day course of amoxicillin-clavulanate. She was also placed on medroxyprogesterone acetate for menstrual suppression. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Advantage of allowing time for antibiotic treatment and tissue healin …

[Risk factors and etiological analysis of ventilator-associated pneumonia: three year's cases analysis of intensive care unit in county hospital].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in … maltophilia was 100% sensitive to PCST and 100% resistant to AMK, piperacillin (PIP), piperacillin tazobactam (TZP) and TOB. Acinetobacter baumannii was 100% sensitive to cefoxitin (FOX), cefuroxime (CXM) and POT. Staphylococcus aureus was 100% sensitive to gentamicin (GEN), furantoin (NIT), rifampicin (RIF), vancomycin (VAN) and teicoplanin (TEC), while th …

Erratum.

In the article "Suárez-Casillas P, Mejías-Trueba M, Peñalva G, Fontán-Díaz F, Villanueva-Bueno C, Herrera-Hidalgo L, Varela-Rubio E, Jiménez … 340-0.07 to 0.08NoNoNoNo0.27(76%)(0%)(0.858)Ceftriaxone IV60.1310020.13---NA-NAYes0.13Piperacillin- tazobactam IV0.5466.71300.300.27 to 0.450.240.14 to 0.27Yes (98%)Yes (44%)Yes (<0.001)No0.30Tobramycin IV60.0188.910.01---NA-NAYes0.01Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid VO60.0855.6440.080.04 to 0.200-0.04 to 0.03NoNoNoNo0.08(64%)(0%)(0.054)Azithromycin VO60.0310010.0 …

[Risk factors and antibiotic use in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in hospitalized patients at Hacettepe University Adult and Oncology Hospitals (2004-2011) and antimicrobial susceptibilities of the isolates: a nested case-control study].

The aim of this study was to evaluate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia cases who were followed at the Infectiou … mpicillin-sulbactam and/or amoxicillin-clavulanate, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP), meropenem (MEM), imipenem (IPM), vancomycin (VAN), cephalosporins and teicoplanin (TEC)] were found to be statistically significantly higher in the case group by univariate analysis (p< 0.05). In multivariate analysis, it was determined that …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections in Cancer Patients.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is one of the most frequent opportunistic microorganisms causing infections in oncological patients, especially those with neutropenia. Through its ability to adapt to difficult environmental conditions and high intrinsic resistance to antibiotics, it successfully adapts and survives in the hospital environment, causing sporadic infections and outbreaks. It produces a variety of virulence factors that damage host cells, evade host immune responses, and permit colonization and infections of hospitalized patients, who usually develop blood stream, respirato

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… In our last study [ 69 ], we assessed the activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam, ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam and colistin against 150 P. aeruginosa strains isolated from oncological patients. … To improve treatment outcomes in patients with severe P. aeruginosa infections, some β-lactams (cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem) may be administered as a prolonged infusion. …

Prolonged treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia with high-flow nasal oxygen: A story of oxygen and resilience.

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed significant strain on the oxygen delivery infrastructure of health facilities in resource-constrained health systems. In this case report, we describe a patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia who was managed with high-flow nasal oxygen for 40 days, with an eventual successful outcome. We discuss the oxygen delivery infrastructure needed to offer this intervention, as well as the psychosocial impact on those undergoing treatment.

[Analysis of epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of catheter-associated urinary tract infections in patients with perineal and/or hip burns].

Objective: To explore the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of catheter-associated urinary tract infections in patients with … la pneumoniae to cefoxitin, cefoperazone/sulbactam, cefepime, meropenem, imipenem, and piperacillin/tazobactam ranged from 56.3% to 68.8%, and the resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae to ceftazidime and tigecycline were lower than 50.0%. The resistance rates of Enterococcus faecalis to ciprofloxacin and penicillin were both 85.7%, the resistance rates o …