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Cognitive linguistic abilities in school-aged children with repaired cleft lip and palate: A systematic review.

AIM & OBJECTIVE: The present review aimed to investigate cognitive-linguistic abilities in children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) with a mean age less than 18 years, using PRISMA framework. The objective is to synthesize and provide insights into how these cognitive processes may differ between children with CLP and typically developing children. METHOD: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across electronic databases covering studies published between January 2000 and December 2023. Seven eligible studies were included with comparison groups and were selected based on the Popula

Biomarker-Based Pharmacological Characterization of ENX-102, a Novel α2/3/5 Subtype-Selective GABAA Receptor Positive Allo-Steric Modulator: Translational Insights from Rodent and Human Studies.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs) are pentameric ligand-gated ion channels essential for inhibitory neurotransmission in th … daptive tracking, pupillometry, body sway, the Bond and Lader Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the Visual Verbal Learning Task (VVLT), and qEEG. ENX-102 produced reductions in SPV that were indicative of central target engagement, with minimal effects on alertness and motor coordination, which is consistent with subtype-selective GABAAR targeting. Notably, qEEG reveale …

Memantine Use in Prolonged Cognitive Sequalae in Pediatric Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis: A Three-year Follow-up Case Report and Brief Review.

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (anti-NMDAR encephalitis) is an autoimmune encephalopathy increasingly recognized in the pediatric population. Although conventional immunotherapy-focused treatments have significantly improved outcomes, a substantial proportion of patients experience enduring neuropsychiatric and cognitive sequelae. Here, we present a three-year longitudinal follow-up report of a female case with confirmed anti-NMDAR encephalitis, focusing on the neuropsychiatric trajectory and cognitive sequelae management with memantine. A previously healthy 10-year-old girl p

Validating the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) in comparison to the Sino-Nasal 5 Questionnaire (SN-5) in a pediatric population.

OBJECTIVE: To assess test-retest reliability, validity, responsiveness, and clinical interpretability of the SNOT-22 in identifying pediatric patients with CRS from healthy, non-CRS patients by comparing SNOT-22 and SN-5 across multiple visits. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort; all pediatric patients between the ages of 6-17, or under the age of 6 but fully verbal, who presented for care between January 2022 through March 2024. SETTING: Tertiary care academic institution's pediatric otolaryngology clinic. METHODS: Minor assent and parental consent for participation was obtained in patients

Post-infection brain atrophy accelerates cognitive and molecular changes underlying dementia.

BACKGROUND: Infections have been associated with a greater risk of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD), but it is unclear how infections influence structural brain patterns over time, and whether post-infection brain atrophy can accelerate cognitive decline and molecular changes underlying dementia. METHODS: Using the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA; n = 793; mean age = 70.1), we examined how infections relate to longitudinal changes in machine learning-derived, 3 T-MRI neuroimaging signatures, and leveraged the UK Biobank (UKB; 1,120; mean age = 62.9 yrs) to externall

Plasma Neurofilament Light Chain Is Associated with Cognitive Functions but Not Patient-Reported Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to explore associations between plasma neurofilament light chain (pNfL) and cognition through patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we included 211 people with MS (PwMS) and collected data from pNfL (fully automated chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay), EDSS, education, cognition (the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT II), and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R)), the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety In…

Программа дистанционного тренировки для пожилых людей с множественным склерозом: результаты случайного контролируемого испытания.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Пожилые люди с множественным склерозом (MS) часто физически неактивны и страдают от пешеходных и когнитивных расстройств, которые могут быть исправлены с помощью таких реабилитационных подходов, как тренировочная подготовка. ЦЕЛИ: Мы провели стадию Ib, выборочно контролируемое испытание (РСТ), в ходе которого были изучены целесообразность и первоначальная эффективность 16-недельной программы дистанционного обучения на дому для пожилых людей, имеющих умеренную мобильность. МЕТОДЫ: В этом исследовании использовался параллельный проект РТС группы. Участники (n = 51; средний

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Older adults with multiple sclerosis (MS) are often physically inactive and present with walking and cognitive impairments that … moderate-to-large improvements in walking speed, functional mobility, lower-extremity function, and verbal learning and memory (p < 0.05, |d| = 0.58-0.80) in the exercise condition, but not in control (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study established the feasibility and initial efficacy of a theory-based, remotely-delivered exercise training intervention for older …

Neurofilament light chain and Alzheimer pathology biomarkers in elderly people with multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVES: Neurofilament light chain (NfL) conventionally reflects disability worsening in multiple sclerosis (MS), but does not necessaril … DMTs. Cognitive function was assessed using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), the California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II), and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMTR). Plasma biomarkers (Aβ40, Aβ42, p-Tau181, and pNfL) were measured using LUMIPULSE assay kits on the CLEIA analyser LUMIPULSE G600II. RESULTS: We included 83 elderly adults (a …

Cognitive function and bladder health among midlife adult women in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine whether different aspects of women's cognitive function are associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and their impact. METHODS: In 2010-2011, women aged 42 to 57 years in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study completed different tests of cognitive function, including the Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and Stroop test. Two years later, data on LUTS and their impact were collected. LUTS/impact, a four-level composite variable ranging from bladder health to mild, moderate, and seve…

Post-stroke Chinese pure alexia: linguistic features and neuropsychological profiles.

PURPOSE: Very few cases of Chinese pure alexia have been reported to date. We aim to summarize the linguistic features and neuropsychologica … (P < 0.001) than that of the controls. The patients also showed worse performance in MMSE, auditory verbal learning test, Boston naming test, intersecting pentagons copying and clock-drawing test (all P < 0.05). In the patient group, the correct rate of 68-character test was significantly correlated with the ABC total writing score rate (P = 0.008), the score rat …

Sarcopenia is a predictor for Alzheimer's continuum and related clinical outcomes.

Low body mass index is closely related to a high risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related biomarkers including amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition … on the AD continuum assessed using hippocampal volume, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Seoul Verbal Learning Test (SVLT), and Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes Scores (CDR-SOB) were also considered an outcome. Sarcopenia (odds ratio = 4.99, p = 0.004) was associated independently with the AD continuum after controlling for potential confounders. …

Algorithm-defined memory impairment in older American Indians: The Strong Heart Study.

OBJECTIVE: Assessment of cognition in American Indians poses challenges, including barriers to healthcare, unvalidated clinical standards, and confounding social determinants of health. Alternative strategies for case identification include algorithmic methods, which can outperform clinical judgment in some circumstances. METHOD: Algorithmic methods can be maximized using single-domain tests with multiple-serial trial tasks, such as the California Verbal Learning Test II-Short Form (CVLT-SF). We collected CVLT-SF and detailed clinical data, including dementia gold standard by consensus adjudi…

Воздействие когнитивного VR vs. Традиционное обучение по вопросам эмоциональной самоэффективности и когнитивных функций у пациентов с множественным склерозом: ретроспективное исследование, посвященное гендерным различиям.

Несмотря на то, что традиционные методы реабилитации MS в первую очередь касаются физических и когнитивных симптомов, последние достижения в области технологии VR создают внутреннюю среду, способствующую развитию как эмоциональных, так и когнитивных навыков. Цель этого исследования заключается в оценке воздействия обучения на основе VR на эмоциональную самоэффективность пациентов с множественным склерозом (MS) и изучении его связи с совершенствованием когнитивных функций. Кроме того, цель настоящего исследования заключается в изучении потенциальных гендерных различий в этих результатах, исходя

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND AND AIM: While conventional MS rehabilitation primarily addresses physical and cognitive symptoms, recent advances in VR technolo … tions, reduced depressive and anxiety symptoms, and enhanced cognitive performance, particularly in verbal learning and working memory. Gender-based analysis revealed a trend suggesting that females in the VR-G may exhibit greater improvements in positive emotional self-efficacy, although this difference did not reach statistical significance. Spearman's correlat …

Predictors of cognitive dysfunction one-year post COVID-19.

OBJECTIVES: (a) To characterize the frequency of objective cognitive deficits and self-perceived cognitive difficulties and (b) to explore demographic and clinical predictors of cognitive dysfunction and cognitive complaints. METHOD: One hundred and ten adults diagnosed with COVID-19 between March and November 2020, aged ≤ 74 years underwent a brief neuropsychological evaluation 12 months after infection, which included: Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised, California Verbal Learning Test, and Symbol Digit Modalities Test. T scores < 38 were considered abnormal performance; cognitive dysfu…

The use of hippocampal grading as a biomarker for preclinical and prodromal Alzheimer's disease.

Hippocampal changes are associated with increased age and cognitive decline due to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease ( … es (CDR-SB) scores. In a sub-analysis, NCs with episodic memory scores (as measured by Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, RAVLT) were divided into those with subjective cognitive decline (SCD+; 103) and those without (SCD-; 390). Linear regressions evaluated the influence of hippocampal grading on cognition in preclinical and prodromal AD. Lower global cognition, …

Metabolic and quality of life effects of growth hormone replacement in patients with TBI and AGHD: A pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a common cause of adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD), affects 20% of Veterans returning from Ir … ant improvements were observed in total lean mass (p = 0.02), latissimus dorsi strength (p = 0.05), verbal learning (Trial 1, p = 0.02; Trial 5, p = 0.03), attention (p = 0.02), short-term memory (p = 0.04), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (p = 0.03). Body weight (p = 0.02) and total fat mass (p = 0.03) increased significantly. CONCLUSION: GHR …

Hippocampal avoidance prophylactic cranial irradiation (HA-PCI) for small cell lung cancer reduces hippocampal atrophy compared to conventional PCI.

BACKGROUND: Reducing radiation dose to the hippocampus with hippocampal avoidance prophylactic cranial irradiation (HA-PCI) is proposed to p … I. We additionally studied multimodal indices of brain injury. Memory was assessed with the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R). RESULTS: HA-PCI reduced hippocampal atrophy at 4 months (1.8% for HA-PCI and 3.0% for PCI) and at 12 months (3.0% for HA-PCI and 5.8% for PCI). Both HA-PCI and PCI were associated with considerable reductions in gray matter a …

Altered functional connectivity pattern of hippocampal subfields in individuals with objectively-defined subtle cognitive decline and its association with cognition and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers.

Recent studies have shown that in the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD), subtle cognitive changes can be detected using sensitiv … group, FC values between left CA2/3/DG and right thalamus were positively associated with Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) recognition (r = 0.395, p = 0.046) and CSF Aβ1-42 levels (r = 0.466, p = 0.019), and FC values between left CA1 and right thalamus were positively correlated with CSF Aβ1-42 levels (r = 0.530, p = 0.006). Taken together, dysfunction in C …

Obesity is associated with greater cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND: The impact of obesity on cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains controversial. This study a … ery included the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), and STROOP test, which were administered at baseline, and at 20, 40, and 80 months. A subgroup (n = 614) of the ACCORD-MIND study underwent MRI scanning at baseline and at 40 and 80 months. The total brain volume (TBV), abnormal white …

Unique neurocircuitry activation profiles during fear conditioning and extinction among women with posttraumatic stress disorder.

BACKGROUND: Neurocircuitry models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggest specific alterations in brain structures linked with fear conditioning and extinction. Most models assume a unitary pattern of neurocircuitry dysfunction in PTSD and little attention has focused on defining unique profiles of neurocircuitry engagement (i.e., biotypes), despite known clinical heterogeneity in PTSD. Here, we aim to address this gap using a data-driven approach to characterize unique neurocircuitry profiles among women with PTSD. METHODS: Seventy-six women with PTSD related to assaultive violence e