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Therapeutic Uses and Pharmacological Properties of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum): A Systematic Review.

BackgroundShallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a traditional plant species used throughout the world both for culinary purposes and as a folk remedy. To date (i.e., April 2022), there is no report on the main pharmacological activities exerted by shallot preparations and/or extracts.Scope and approachThe aim of this study was to comprehensively review the pharmacological activities exerted by shallot, with rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria based on the scientific rigor of studies. Prisma guidelines were followed to perform the literature search.Key findings and conclusionsThe literature

RNAi-Based Therapeutics and Novel RNA Bioengineering Technologies.

RNA interference (RNAi) provides researchers with a versatile means to modulate target gene expression. The major forms of RNAi molecules, genome-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) and exogenous small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), converge into RNA-induced silencing complexes to achieve posttranscriptional gene regulation. RNAi has proven to be an adaptable and powerful therapeutic strategy where advancements in chemistry and pharmaceutics continue to bring RNAi-based drugs into the clinic. With four siRNA medications already approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), several RNAi-based thera

Levels of Physical Activity and Sedentary Lifestyle in Patients With Hematological Cancer Treated With Monoclonal Antibodies as a Monotherapy or Combination Therapy (Immunochemotherapy): A Comparative Study With Healthy Individuals.

BACKGROUND Blood cancers account for 7% of all malignant neoplastic diseases worldwide. However, there has been an increase in the survival rate of patients with hematological cancer. These data indicate the need to make patients aware of the importance of physical activity. We aimed to assess the level of physical activity and sedentary lifestyle of patients with hematological cancer treated with monoclonal antibodies as a monotherapy or combination therapy (immunochemotherapy), compared with that of healthy individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients (n=155) treated for hematological malignan

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… Individual types of physical activity are expressed in metabolic equivalent of task (MET) units (min/week). Respondents are classified into 1 of 3 activity categories: insufficient (below 600 MET), sufficient (600–1500 or 600–3000 MET), or high (above 1500 or 3000 MET) [ 11 ]. …

Shutting off the fuel supply to target metabolic vulnerabilities in multiple myeloma.

Pathways that govern cellular bioenergetics are deregulated in tumor cells and represent a hallmark of cancer. Tumor cells have the capacity to reprogram pathways that control nutrient acquisition, anabolism and catabolism to enhance their growth and survival. Tumorigenesis requires the autonomous reprogramming of key metabolic pathways that obtain, generate and produce metabolites from a nutrient-deprived tumor microenvironment to meet the increased bioenergetic demands of cancer cells. Intra- and extracellular factors also have a profound effect on gene expression to drive metabolic pathway

Plasma-Derived Extracelleral Vesicle MicroRNAs в мультиплексном склерозе: исследовательское тематическое исследование по проблеме финотипической дискриминации.

Проведение различия между множественным склерозом (RRMS) и вторичным прогрессивным заболеванием (SPMS) по-прежнему является клинической проблемой, поскольку ни один лабораторный тест не позволяет точно определить, каким образом происходит переход. Мы изучили вопрос о том, могут ли два фенотипа быть отделены от микроРНК (ЭМ) с помощью плазмы внеклеточного печени. Четыре потенциальных EV-miRNA: miR-30a-5p, miR-223-5p, miR-155-5p и miR-146a-5p, были оценены qRT-PCR в эV-излученных плазменной плазмой 13 здоровых регуляторов (HC), 7 RRMS и 16 пациентов SPMS, нормализованных до miR-16-5p. ЭМ отличал

Эффективность неклинической двойной целевой подготовки по вопросам физических и когнитивных функций и повседневной жизни пожилых людей с когнитивной отсталостью: систематический обзор и метаанализ.

Пожилые люди с когнитивной отсталостью, как правило, испытывают дефицит памяти, внимания и решения проблем, что приводит к снижению способности вести повседневную жизнь (ADL). Неклиническая подготовка по двум направлениям (ДПТ), осуществляемая дома, в общине или с помощью телереабилитационной системы, согласуется со стратегиями цифрового здравоохранения в целях повышения доступности и непрерывности ухода за пожилыми людьми с когнитивной отсталостью. В ходе этого обзора были рассмотрены последствия такого вмешательства для походок, функциональной мобильности, когнитивных характеристик и ADL, а

Улучшают ли упражнения на ногах функции рук и рук для лиц с нееврологическими расстройствами? Обзор.

Цель проведения аналитического обзора, содержащего резюме существующей литературы об использовании упражнений на ногах для улучшения функции руки для лиц, страдающих неврологическими условиями. 5 базы данных (PubMed, Empase, Cumulative Index to Medrsing and Alimate Health Licture, Scopus, Cochrane Central), вторичные ссылки и 9 Серые литературные базы данных с января 1, 1947, по октябрь 28, 2025Студенты по отбору исследователей включали взрослых, живущих в неврологических условиях и осуществляющих программы тренировки с ориентацией на ногу, которые включали в себя конкретные результаты по рука

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… equivalent of task; MTS, Modified Tardieu Scale; N, Newton; PD, Parkinson disease; PEDro, Physiotherapy Evidence Database; PT, physical therapy; RASP, Rivermead Assessment of Sensory Perception; RCT, randomized control trial; ROM, range of motion; RPM, revolutions per minute; STS, Sit-to-Stand Test; … High-intensity exercise included 24 sessions of progressive body-weight–supported treadmill training (BWSTT), defined in terms of metabolic equivalents (METs). …

Antioxidant and Antiproliferation Activities of Lemon Verbena (Aloysia citrodora): An In Vitro and In Vivo Study.

Aloysia citrodora (Verbenaceae) is traditionally used to treat various diseases, including bronchitis, insomnia, anxiety, digestive, and heart problems. In this study, this plant's antioxidant and anti-proliferation effects were evaluated. In addition to volatiles extraction, different solvent extracts were prepared. The GC-MS, LC-MS analysis and the Foline-Ciocalteu (F-C) method were used to investigate the phytochemical components of the plant. MTT assay was used to measure the antiproliferative ability for each extract. Antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazy

Cancer-Therapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction: Latest Advances in Prevention and Treatment.

The increasing efficacy of cancer therapies has significantly improved survival rates, but it has also highlighted the prevalence of cancer-therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). This review provides a comprehensive overview of the identification, monitoring, and management of CTRCD, a condition resulting from several treatments, such as anthracyclines, HER2-targeted therapies, target therapies, and radiotherapy. The paper includes a discussion of the mechanisms of CTRCD associated with various cancer treatments. Early detection through serum biomarkers and advanced imaging techniques is

Mechanisms and management of CAR T toxicity.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies have dramatically improved treatment outcomes for patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Despite unprecedented efficacy, treatment with CAR T cell therapies can cause a multitude of adverse effects which require monitoring and management at specialized centers and contribute to morbidity and non-relapse mortality. Such toxicities include cytokine release syndrome, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, neuro

Calcium Phosphate Bone Substitutes in the Prevention of Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Review.

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is characterized by exposed necrotic bone that often progresses with increasing pain and impaired quality of life. Zoledronate, the most potent and widely used bisphosphonate, has been strongly associated with BRONJ development following invasive dental procedures. Given the rising incidence of BRONJ, understanding and implementing effective preventive strategies have become imperative. Biomaterials based on synthetic hydroxyapatite and beta-tricalcium phosphate have been investigated as potential preventive agents. Their therapeutic rati

What Zebrafish and Nanotechnology Can Offer for Cancer Treatments in the Age of Personalized Medicine.

Cancer causes millions of deaths each year and thus urgently requires the development of new therapeutic strategies. Nanotechnology-based anticancer therapies are a promising approach, with several formulations already approved and in clinical use. The evaluation of these therapies requires efficient in vivo models to study their behavior and interaction with cancer cells, and to optimize their properties to ensure maximum efficacy and safety. In this way, zebrafish is an important candidate due to its high homology with the human genoma, its large offspring, and the ease in developing specifi

The therapeutic potential of colchicine in oncology studies: from structural modification and targeted delivery to clinical management.

Colchicine, a classical microtubule-targeting agent (MTA), exhibits remarkable anti-tumor potential, but its clinical translation is severely restricted by a narrow therapeutic window, systemic off-target toxicity, and complex pharmacokinetic vulnerabilities. Driven by the objective of "toxicity reduction and efficacy enhancement," this review comprehensively summarizes colchicine's multidimensional translational research. First, precise chemical modifications of its tricyclic scaffold and multi-site synergistic strategies are analyzed, exploring structure-activity relationship (SAR) mechanism

Complication Avoidance in Surgical Management of Vertebral Column Tumors.

The surgical management of spinal tumors has grown increasingly complex as treatment algorithms for both primary bone tumors of the spine and metastatic spinal disease have evolved in response to novel surgical techniques, rising complication rates, and additional data concerning adjunct therapies. In this review, we discuss actionable interventions for improved patient safety in the operative care for spinal tumors. Strategies for complication avoidance in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative settings are discussed for approach-related morbidities, intraoperative hemorrhage, wo

Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients with Skeletal-Related Events and Abnormal MRI Pattern Have Poor Survival Outcomes: A Prospective Study on 370 Patients.

Contemporary information is sparse on the frequency of skeletal-related events (SREs) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients at a population-based level in the era of novel agents. In this context, we conducted this single-center, prospective, observational study to determine the incidence of SREs among newly diagnosed MMs (NDMM) and to explore the possible correlations with disease characteristics, imaging finding, and patient prognosis. A total of 370 patients with available baseline MRIs were included. Among them, 208 (56%) presented with at least one SRE at diagnosis. Fractures were the most co

H727 cells are inherently resistant to the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib, yet require proteasome activity for cell survival and growth.

The second-in-class proteasome inhibitor (PI) carfilzomib (Kyprolis, Cfz) has contributed to a substantial advancement in multiple myeloma treatment by improving patient survival and quality of life. A considerable portion of patients however display intrinsic resistance to Cfz. Our mechanistic understanding of intrinsic Cfz resistance is limited due to a lack of suitable cell-based models. We report that H727 human bronchial carcinoid cells are inherently resistant to Cfz, yet susceptible to other PIs and inhibitors targeting upstream components of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). These

Bone health in patients with cancer: a SEOM-SEIOMM consensus review of risk factors, assessment strategies, and management approaches.

Anticancer therapies frequently compromise skeletal health and increase fracture risk. This narrative review synthesizes information and provides guidance on assessment, prevention, and management of therapy-related bone loss in adults with cancer. Major contributors to bone loss in this population include aromatase inhibitors, androgen deprivation therapy, systemic glucocorticoids, chemotherapy, and selected targeted or immune agents. Recommended assessments include clinical evaluation, laboratory tests (calcium, vitamin D, and renal function), and bone mineral density by dual-energy X-ray ab

Micronutrients in Oncological Intervention.

Nutritional supplements are widely used among patients with cancer who perceive them to be anticancer and antitoxicity agents. Depending on the type of malignancy and the gender 30%-90% of the cancer patients supplement their diets with antioxidant and immuno-stabilizing micronutrients, such as selenium, vitamin C, and vitamin D, often without the knowledge of the treating physician. From the oncological viewpoint, there are justifiable concerns that dietary supplements decrease the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Recent studies, however, have provided increasing evidence that

Development and Applications of Prognostic Risk Models in the Management of Invasive Mold Disease.

Prognostic models or risk scores are frequently used to aid individualize risk assessment for diseases with multiple, complex risk factors and diagnostic challenges. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the development of risk models for invasive mold diseases encountered in patients with hematological malignancies, despite a large body of epidemiological research. Herein we review recent studies that have described the development of prognostic models for mold disease, summarize our experience with the development and clinical use of one such model (BOSCORE), and discuss the

2021 ACMT Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts-Virtual.

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