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Dynamic Evolution of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Malignant Tumors and Emerging Therapeutic Paradigms.

Cancer is more than just a collection of tumor cells. The complex tumor system, including the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), is continually changing. Tumor cells are in constant communication with all stromal elements (e.g., fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and extracellular matrix) and immune effector cells (e.g., T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells). Together, these intricate interactions among cell and molecular signaling pathways collectively drive tumor growth, tumor invasion, and metastasis and significantly aff

Acute Liver Failure due to Disseminated Varicella Zoster Infection.

Acute liver failure (ALF) can be due to numerous causes and result in fatality or necessitate liver transplantation if left untreated. Possible etiologies of ALF include ischemia, venous obstruction, medications, toxins, autoimmune hepatitis, metabolic and infectious causes including hepatitis A-E, varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and adenovirus with VZV being the most rarely reported. Pathognomonic skin lesions facilitate diagnosis of VZV hepatitis, but definitive diagnosis is secured with liver biopsy, tissue histopath

Multiple Myeloma (Part 2) - Update on The Approach to Bone Disease.

The increase in life expectancy of the world population has led to a concomitant increase in the prevalence of multiple myeloma (MM), a disease that usually affects the elderly population. Bone lesions are frequent in patients with this condition, demanding an early approach, from drug treatment, through radiotherapy to orthopedic surgery (prophylactic or therapeutic) with the objective of preventing or delaying the occurrence of fracture, or, when this event has already occurred, treat it through stabilization or replacement (lesions located in the appendicular skeleton) and/or promote stabil

2020 ACVIM Forum On Demand Research Abstract Program.

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Extraglandular Manifestations of Sjögren’s Syndrome (SS): Dermatologic, Arthritic, Endocrine, Pulmonary, Cardiovascular, Gastroenterology, Renal, Urology, and Gynecologic Manifestations

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

The Impact of Histone Modifications in Endometriosis Highlights New Therapeutic Opportunities.

Endometriosis is a chronic disorder of the female reproductive system which afflicts a great number of women worldwide. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) prevent the relaxation of chromatin, thereby positively or negatively modulating gene transcription. The current review aims at studying the impact of histone modifications and their therapeutic targeting in endometriosis. In order to identify relevant studies, a literature review was conducted using the MEDLINE and LIVIVO databases. The current manuscript represents the most comprehensive, up-to-date review of the literature focusing on the parti

Предотвращение событий, связанных со скелетом, в новой диагностированной миеломе.

Несмотря на увеличение числа новых методов лечения недавно диагностированной множественной миеломы (НДММ), предотвращение событий, связанных со скелетом (СРП), по-прежнему является сложной задачей. В настоящем обзоре резюмируются механистические причины болезни костей миэломы, данные, подтверждающие использование бисфофонатов и ингибиторов РАНКЛ, а также оптимальное управление предотвращением НОС у пациентов НДММ. Как золедронная кислота (ZA), так и деносумаб являются приемлемыми вариантами обработки с сопоставимыми характеристиками безопасности и эффективности. Однако у пациентов, которые явл

Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of bone metastasis in lung cancer (2022 edition).

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Bone is a common metastatic site of lung cancer, about 50% of bone metastatic patients will experience skeletal related events (SREs). SREs not only seriously impact the quality of life of patients, but also shorten their survival time. The treatment of bone metastasis requires multi-disciplinary therapy (MDT) and development of individualized treatment plan. In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of bone metastasis in lung cancer, the expert group of the MDT Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association ha

Targeting Oxidative Stress as a Therapeutic Approach for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease characterized by an abnormal reepithelialisation, an excessive tissue remodelling and a progressive fibrosis within the alveolar wall that are not due to infection or cancer. Oxidative stress has been proposed as a key molecular process in pulmonary fibrosis development and different components of the redox system are altered in the cellular actors participating in lung fibrosis. To this respect, several activators of the antioxidant machinery and inhibitors of the oxidant species and pathways have been assayed in precl

Артериальный тромбоэмболизм

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Каннабидиол как иммунный модулятор: всеобъемлющий обзор.

Каннабидиол (КБР), непсихоактивный фитоканнабиноид, полученный из сативы Каннабиса, стал многообещающим терапевтическим агентом в силу его разнообразных фармакологических свойств, включая сильные антивоспалительные, нейрозащитные и иммунодуляторные эффекты. КБР модифицирует иммунную реакцию, включая регулирование активности клеток Т, введение апоптоза макрофага, подавление провоспалительных цитокинов и модуляцию сигнальных путей воспаления и иммунной гомеостазии. Был проведен всеобъемлющий поиск литературы с использованием баз данных PubMed, Scopus и Web of Science в целях выявления соответств

Прогнозирующие биомаркеры для общего выживания пациентов, проходящих операцию на метастазах костей: исследование пан-ракера.

Быстрое диагностирование и прогнозируемая оценка метастаза костей (БМ) по-прежнему сопряжены с трудностями, поскольку большинство исследований и перспективных моделей концентрируются на одной первичной опухоли и пренебрегают биомаркерами, связанными с принимающей страной. Таким образом, это панраковое исследование было направлено на оценку метаболизма костей, провокационных и гематологических биомаркеров у пациентов, проходящих хирургическую операцию для БМ, выявление факторов риска для развития БМ и создание прогнозной номограммы. Потенциальная группа взрослых пациентов с гистологическим подт

Harnessing the tumor microenvironment: targeted cancer therapies through modulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is integral to cancer progression, impacting metastasis and treatment response. It consists of diverse cell types, extracellular matrix components, and signaling molecules that interact to promote tumor growth and therapeutic resistance. Elucidating the intricate interactions between cancer cells and the TME is crucial in understanding cancer progression and therapeutic challenges. A critical process induced by TME signaling is the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), wherein epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal traits, which enhance their motility and inva

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Culturing pancreatic cancer cell lines on collagen type I- and type-III, but not on fibronectin or collagen type IV, led to a reduction in E-cadherin expression, decreased cell–cell adhesion, and increased proliferation and migration of cells in a Src-kinase-dependent manner [ 177 ]. …

HDAC Inhibitors: Therapeutic Potential in Fibrosis-Associated Human Diseases.

Fibrosis is characterized by excessive deposition of the extracellular matrix and develops because of fibroblast differentiation during the process of inflammation. Various cytokines stimulate resident fibroblasts, which differentiate into myofibroblasts. Myofibroblasts actively synthesize an excessive amount of extracellular matrix, which indicates pathologic fibrosis. Although initial fibrosis is a physiologic response, the accumulated fibrous material causes failure of normal organ function. Cardiac fibrosis interferes with proper diastole, whereas pulmonary fibrosis results in chronic hypo

Identification and validation of CKAP2 as a novel biomarker in the development and progression of rheumatoid arthritis.

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic joint disease. However, many patients exhibit inadequate responses to treatment due to disease heterogeneity. Identifying novel biomarkers for RA is crucial for advancing molecular diagnosis and identifying potential therapeutic targets. METHODS: Synovial tissue transcriptome data from RA patients and healthy controls were obtained from the GEO database. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, functional enrichment analysis, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified key gene modules in RA. Machine learni

Genetically predicted immune cells and metabolites mediate the causal relationship between inflammatory factors and rheumatoid arthritis.

This study investigates the causal relationship between inflammatory factors and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and potential immune cells and metabolites mediator using Mendelian randomization. A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study was conducted using statistics from a genome-wide association study database to explore the causal relationship between inflammatory factors and RA, combined with mediation analysis, to discover potential immune cells and metabolites with mediating effects, and to estimate the proportion of total effects mediated by each immune cell and metabolite. The level of

Adhesion molecules in multiple myeloma oncogenesis and targeted therapy.

Every day we march closer to finding the cure for multiple myeloma. The myeloma cells inflict their damage through specialized cellular meshwork and cytokines system. Implicit in these interactions are cellular adhesion molecules and their regulators which include but are not limited to integrins and syndecan-1/CD138, immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecules, such as CD44, cadherins such as N-cadherin, and selectins, such as E-selectin. Several adhesion molecules are respectively involved in myelomagenesis such as in the transition from the precursor disorder monoclonal gammopathy of

EP300 as a Molecular Integrator of Fibrotic Transcriptional Programs.

Fibrosis is a condition characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins in tissues, leading to organ dysfunction and failure. Recent studies have identified EP300, a histone acetyltransferase, as a crucial regulator of the epigenetic changes that contribute to fibrosis. In fact, EP300-mediated acetylation of histones alters global chromatin structure and gene expression, promoting the development and progression of fibrosis. Here, we review the role of EP300-mediated epigenetic regulation in multi-organ fibrosis and its potential as a therapeutic target. We discuss

The Trinity: Interplay among Cancer Cells, Fibroblasts, and Immune Cells in Pancreatic Cancer and Implication of CD8+ T Cell-Orientated Therapy.

The microenvironment in tumors is complicated and is constituted by different cell types and stromal proteins. Among the cell types, the abundance of cancer cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells is high and these cells work as the "Trinity" in promoting tumorigenesis. Although unidirectional or bidirectional crosstalk between two independent cell types has been well characterized, the multi-directional interplays between cancer cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells in vitro and in vivo are still unclear. We summarize recent studies in addressing the interaction of the "Trinity" members in the tu

Acquired Platythorax, or Anteroposterior Flattening of the Chest Wall, as a Late Complication of Cyclophosphamide Treatment for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Presenting in a Young Man with Respiratory Failure.

BACKGROUND Acquired platythorax, or flattening of the chest with a reduction in the anteroposterior (AP) diameter, is very rare and the prognosis depends on the degree of the deformity, respiratory function, and on any underlying disease. Drug-induced pulmonary fibrosis is associated with pulmonary hypoplasia. A case of acquired platythorax is presented in a young man previously treated with cyclophosphamide in childhood. CASE REPORT A 20-year-old man began to experience cough, chest pain, and mild exertional dyspnea. He was admitted to the hospital at 23 years of age with respiratory failure.