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Sociocultural and Demographic Risk Factors for the Development of Multiple Sclerosis in Kuwait: A Case - Control Study.

INTRODUCTION: Immunological, genetic and environmental factors are believed to play important roles in the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). There have been many studies on risk factors for MS but these have been mainly in Caucasian populations; robust studies in Arab populations remain relatively uncommon. This study therefore aimed to identify behavioral, socio-cultural, and demographic factors associated with development of MS in Kuwait, a high income Arab country, currently undergoing a demographic transition. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In this case- control study, 195 Kuwaiti MS patien

Effectiveness of Canada's tuberculosis surveillance strategy in identifying immigrants at risk of developing and transmitting tuberculosis: a population-based retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: In Canada, tuberculosis disproportionately affects the foreign-born population. The national tuberculosis medical surveillance p … 1, 2013. We obtained information about year of arrival and country of citizenship from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada, and data for tuberculosis cases and their contacts from the Alberta Tuberculosis Registry. The outcome of interest was culture-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. We compared the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis and the odds …

Screening program for latent tuberculosis infection in asylum seekers - a single center experience in Pavia, Italy.

BACKGROUND: The management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection is crucial in fighting Tuberculosis worldwide, and particularly in low incidence European Countries. While guidelines for the management of Tuberculosis in newly arrived immigrants have been issued by the European Center for Disease Control and Prevention and by the National Health Authorities in Italy, these are not widely implemented yet at local level. STUDY DESIGN: We report our program for the screening of Latent Tuberculosis Infection and active Tuberculosis in asylum seekers, jointly implemented by Public Health Authorities an

Deployment of early diagnosis and mefloquine-artesunate treatment of falciparum malaria in Thailand: the Tak Malaria Initiative.

BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis and treatment with artesunate-mefloquine combination therapy (MAS) have reduced the transmission of falciparum malaria dramatically and halted the progression of mefloquine resistance in camps for displaced persons along the Thai-Burmese border, an area of low and seasonal transmission of multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. We extended the same combination drug strategy to all other communities (estimated population 450,000) living in five border districts of Tak province in northwestern Thailand. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Existing health structures were reinfor

Tuberculosis in the foreign-born population of Tarrant county, Texas by immigration status.

The epidemiology of tuberculosis is changing in the United States as a result of immigration, yet the extent to which different classes of immigrants contribute to overall morbidity is unknown. Tuberculosis in nonimmigrant visitors is of particular interest as they are currently exempt from screening requirements. We conducted a prospective survey of all culture-positive tuberculosis patients in Tarrant County, Texas from 1/98 to 12/00. Immigration status of foreign-born patients was classified as permanent residents, undocumented, or nonimmigrant visitors. Of 274 eligible participants, 114 (4

The Impact of Adversity on Body Mass Index as Veterans Transition to Civilian Life.

INTRODUCTION: The impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), warfare exposure, and mental health symptoms upon changes in body mass ind … erienced corollaries (i.e., consequences of combat) or who experienced corollaries alone (e.g., saw refugees who lost their homes/belongings) had higher BMIs (1.14 and 0.82, respectively) compared to male veterans without warfare exposure. Female veterans who experienced corollaries had a higher BMI (0.94) compared to female veterans with no warfare exposu …

Expanded programme on immunization (EPI). Immunization schedules in the WHO eastern Mediterranean region, 1995.

There are 23 countries/areas in this Region (Tables 1-3). BCG is used in all but 3 countries (Cyprus, Jordan and Lebanon). Most countries/ar … ic, Tunisia, and the United Arab Emirates, the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East [UNRWA]). Six countries use 5 doses of DPT vaccine, the fifth dose being given at the age of 4-6 years (Bahrain, Cyprus, Iran [Islamic Republic of], Kuwait, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia). One or 2 booster doses of diphtheria-tetanus (DT) …

Non-specialist delivered psychosocial care after war and interpersonal violence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of non-specialist provider-delivered care for mood and anxiety disorders has been established, but effects in … -0·49 to -0·10] to -0·55 [-0·79 to -0·30]; p<0·0001). The strongest treatment effects emerged among refugees. Treatment effects were replicated in most subgroups with a few exceptions: all outcomes for veterans were non-significant, depression and anxiety severity among interpersonal violence survivors did not significantly improve, and transdiagnostic tre …

Exposure to Terror Attacks and Traumatization Among Immigrants From the Former Soviet Union to Israel: The Positive Effects of Bicultural Identity and Bicultural Social Support.

THE STUDY GOALS: The study examines the connection between exposure to terror attacks from the Gaza Strip, post-traumatic stress disorder (P … ultural Practices (Birman, D., & Tyler, F. B. (1994). Acculturation and alienation of Soviet Jewish refugees in the United States. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 120 (1), 101-115). FINDINGS: The study results demonstrated that social support received from both the immigrant group and the larger society buffered the effect of exposure …

Language support for linguistic minority chronic hepatitis B/C patients: an exploratory study of availability and clinicians' perceptions of language barriers in six European countries.

BACKGROUND: Language support for linguistic minorities can improve patient safety, clinical outcomes and the quality of health care. Most chronic hepatitis B/C infections in Europe are detected among people born in endemic countries mostly in Africa, Asia and Central/Eastern Europe, groups that may experience language barriers when accessing health care services in their host countries. We investigated availability of interpreters and translated materials for linguistic minority hepatitis B/C patients. We also investigated clinicians' agreement that language barriers are explanations of three

Long term mental health outcomes of Finnish children evacuated to Swedish families during the second world war and their non-evacuated siblings: cohort study.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the risks of admission to hospital for any type of psychiatric disorder and for four specific psychiatric disorders among adults who as children were evacuated to Swedish foster families during the second world war and their non-evacuated siblings, and to evaluate whether these risks differ between the sexes. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: National child evacuation scheme in Finland during the second world war. PARTICIPANTS: Children born in Finland between 1933 and 1944 who were later included in a 10% sample of the 1950 Finnish census ascertained in 1997 (n = 45,463

The enduring mental health impact of mass violence: a community comparison study of Cambodian civilians living in Cambodia and Thailand.

BACKGROUND: No population-based studies have directly compared the long-term health and mental health outcomes of conflict- versus non-conflict-affected communities from the same ethnic background. AIMS: To identify and compare levels of psychiatric morbidity between a traumatized and non-traumatized civilian community; to investigate the long-term impact of mass violence. METHODS: Double-stratified community surveys in Siem Reap and Surin provinces were conducted by highly qualified Cambodian interviewers using culturally validated survey instruments with known psychometric properties. Thes

Persistence of Emotional Distress in Unaccompanied Migrant Children and Adolescents Primarily From the Northern Triangle of Central America.

IMPORTANCE: In the US, unaccompanied migrant children and adolescents (hereinafter referred to as children) are predominantly from Central America's Northern Triangle. While unaccompanied migrant children are at high risk for psychiatric sequelae due to complex traumatic exposures, longitudinal investigations of psychiatric distress after resettlement are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with emotional distress and longitudinal changes in emotional distress among unaccompanied migrant children in the US. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: For this retrospective cohort study

Zambia mental health country profile.

This country profile for Zambia was compiled between 1998 and 2002. The objectives of the exercise were to first of all avail policymakers, … oup 15-49 years. Political instability and wars in neighbouring states has resulted in an influx of refugees. Environmental factors affecting the country include natural and man-made disasters such as floods and drought, mine accidents, and deforestation. To a large extent in Zambia, people who are mentally ill are stigmatized, feared, scorned at, humiliat …

Burden of cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2005-2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study.

ObjectivesTo estimate incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) caused by cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) between 2005 and 2015.MethodsVital registration system and cancer registry data from the EMR region were analyzed for 29 cancer groups in 22 EMR countries using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 methodology.ResultsIn 2015, cancer was responsible for 9.4% of all deaths and 5.1% of all DALYs. It accounted for 722,646 new cases, 379,093 deaths, and 11.7 million DALYs. Between 2005 and 2015, incident cases increased by 46%, deaths by 33%, and DALYs

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… (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 2009 , 2012 ). … Accessed 16 May 2017 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (2012) A guidance note on health insurance schemes for refugees and other persons of concern to UNHCR. http://www.unhcr.org/4f7d4cb1342.pdf . …

Chemsex among men - a questionnaire study.

BAKGRUNN: Formålet med undersøkelsen var å kartlegge forekomsten av rusmiddelbruk under sex (chemsex) blant et utvalg av mannlige pasienter ved Olafiaklinikken i Oslo, en poliklinikk for seksuelt overførbare infeksjoner. Vi ønsket også å se hvilke variabler innen psykisk helse, seksuelt overførbare infeksjoner og seksualatferd som var assosiert med chemsex for menn som har sex med menn og menn som har sex med kvinner. MATERIALE OG METODE: Studien var anonym og spørreskjemabasert blant mannlige pasienter ved poliklinikken i perioden 1.7.2016-20.10.2016. RESULTATER: Svarprosenten var 96 (1 050