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SUBJECT INDEX Volume 125 (JANUARY–JUNE, 2004)

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Wirelessly observed therapy compared to directly observed therapy to confirm and support tuberculosis treatment adherence: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Excellent adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment is critical to cure TB and avoid the emergence of resistance. Wirelessly observed therapy (WOT) is a novel patient self-management system consisting of an edible ingestion sensor (IS), external wearable patch, and paired mobile device that can detect and digitally record medication ingestions. Our study determined the accuracy of ingestion detection in clinical and home settings using WOT and subsequently compared, in a randomized control trial (RCT), confirmed daily adherence to medication in persons using WOT or directly observed

Gynecologic care utilization in asylum-seeking women in New York City.

INTRODUCTION: Over 25,000 individuals are granted asylum status in the United States annually. Gender-based violence (GBV) has historically been supported as a claim for persecution to apply for asylum. In women, GBV is a known risk factor for sexually transmitted infections, poor mental health, and worse perinatal outcomes. Less is known about the links between GBV, asylum seekers, and gynecologic outcomes or care utilization. Reported rates of gynecologic care-seeking are low in asylum-seeking women and women with histories of GBV often experience barriers to care. We hypothesized that asylu

Interventions for adults with a history of complex traumatic events: the INCiTE mixed-methods systematic review.

BACKGROUND: People with a history of complex traumatic events typically experience trauma and stressor disorders and additional mental comor … ere included. The population subgroups were veterans, childhood sexual abuse victims, war affected, refugees and domestic violence victims. Psychological interventions were superior to the control post treatment for reducing post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms (standardised mean difference -0.90, 95% confidence interval -1.14 to -0.66; number of trials …

2021 International Cancer Education Conference Program and Abstracts.

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Head injury and neuropsychiatric sequelae in asylum seekers.

OBJECTIVE: Asylum seekers experience a high burden of physical and psychological trauma, yet there is a scarcity of literature regarding the epidemiology and sequelae of head injury (HI) in asylum seekers. We examined HI prevalence and association with neuropsychiatric comorbidities in asylum seekers. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed through review of 139 medical affidavits from an affidavit database. Affidavits written from 2010 to 2018 were included. Demographic and case-related data were collected and classified based on the presence of HI. For neuropsychiatric

Recalibrating PTSD Screening and Prediction: A Pragmatic Agenda to Reduce Missed Cases, False Alarms and Model Hype.

BACKGROUND: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) screening and prediction tools are widely used in veteran and trauma-exposed populations, yet methodological practices show substantial gaps. Rigid threshold application, inconsistent calibration reporting and limited attention to sex-based performance differences, comorbid conditions including traumatic brain injury (TBI) and moral injury and cultural context may introduce inequities and reduce clinical utility. OBJECTIVE: PTSD screening programmes miss cases in some groups while over-referring in others, yet lack practical guidance for addre

The first hematopoietic stem cell transplantation centre in Iraqi Kurdistan: nursing perspectives and education.

AimTo describe the nursing capacity-building process within the foundation of a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) centre at the Hiwa Cancer Hospital (HCH), Sulaymaniyah, Iraqi Kurdistan, referring to nursing education, empowerment and leadership.Methods1) Capacity building, the process by which individuals, organisations, institutions and societies develop abilities to perform functions, solve problems and set and achieve objectives, was implemented; 2) Nurse intervention was based exclusively on training and coaching on site, which is an innovative approach, since more often expe

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… Iraqi Kurdistan is experiencing a huge immigration with a very high number of Syrian and Iraqi refugees living in the territory. The Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (IMFA) has been supporting the Kurdish people with Health and Social Projects. … Furthermore, the growing number of refugees has led to an increase in the number of people (especially children) affected by TM, raising the need for transplant activity within the Kurdish borders. …

Cannabis, One Health, and Veterinary Medicine: Cannabinoids' Role in Public Health, Food Safety, and Translational Medicine.

Public health is connected to cannabis with regard to food, animal feed (feed), and pharmaceuticals. Therefore, the use of phytocannabinoids should be examined from a One Health perspective. Current knowledge on medical cannabis treatment (MCT) does not address sufficiently diseases which are of epidemiological and of zoonotic concern. The use of cannabinoids in veterinary medicine is illegal in most countries, mostly due to lack of evidence-based medicine. To answer the growing need of scientific evidence-based applicable medicine in both human and veterinary medicine, a new approach for the

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… In Europe it is also important to note the impact caused by the influx of refugees mostly from Syria; the high infection rates noticed in refugee camps indicate an increased risk of infection among the local population. 112 – 121 In addition, the number of cases of Leishmania/HIV co-infection has increased … Identification of Leishmania species in naturally infected sand flies from refugee camps, Greece. Emerg Infect Dis. 2019;25:361–364. doi: 10.3201/eid2502.181359. https://doi.org/10.3201%2Feid2502.181359 . 121. Karakuş M, Çizmeci Z, Karabela ŞN, Erdoğan B, Güleç N. …

Резюме докладов 38th - ежегодное собрание общества общей внутренней медицины.

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Cancer status in the Occupied Palestinian Territories: types; incidence; mortality; sex, age, and geography distribution; and possible causes.

Cancer is a disease in which some cells of the body grow uncontrollably and occasionally spread to other parts of the body. With a group of more than 100 different types, cancer can start almost anywhere in the body. Defective cells may form a mass called a tumor which can be cancerous (malignant), which grows and spreads to other parts of the body, or benign that can grow but not spread throughout the body. In 2021, more than 10 million people died of cancer worldwide (1 out of 6 deaths). This paper has thoroughly investigated the cancer status in the Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPT), i

The American Society of Hematology Health Equity Compendium: examining health equity across the Blood journals.

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… Hematology, ASH Education Program | 2018 | Disparities in clinical trial enrollments for adolescent patients | Review | n/a | n/a | Age, race/ethnicity, SES | Insurance status Franceschi et al 32 | Blood | 2019 | Access to emergency departments for acute events and identification of sickle cell disease in refugees … Access to emergency departments for acute events and identification of sickle cell disease in refugees. Blood. 2019;133(19):2100–2103. doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-09-876508. 33. Chino F, Kamal A, Chino J, LeBlanc T. …

The concept of exceptionality: a legal farce?

How do we decide which treatments should be offered by the National Health Service (NHS) when we cannot afford to fund them all? In the absence of a positive appraisal by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), which mandates the provision of a treatment by the NHS, Primary Care Trusts (PCTs) are free to decide whether to provide a particular drug to some, or all, of their population. However, as public bodies, it is a well-established principle of Administrative Law that PCTs are not at liberty to fetter the exercise of their own discretion. They must recognise the p

Oral killed cholera vaccines for preventing cholera.

BACKGROUND: Cholera causes acute watery diarrhoea and death if not properly treated. Outbreaks occur in areas with poor sanitation, including refugee camps. Several vaccines have been developed and tested over the last 50 years. This is an update of a Cochrane review, originally published in 1998, which explored the effects of all vaccines for preventing cholera. This review examines oral vaccines made from killed bacteria. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and safety of the available World Health Organization (WHO)-prequalified oral killed cholera vaccines among children and adults. S

Mosquito repellents for malaria prevention.

BACKGROUND: Malaria is an important cause of illness and death across endemic regions. Considerable success against malaria has been achieved within the past decade mainly through long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs). However, elimination of the disease is proving difficult as current control methods do not protect against mosquitoes biting outdoors and when people are active. Repellents may provide a personal protection solution during these times. OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of topical repellents, insecticide-treated clothing, and spatial repellents on malaria transmission. S

Community views on active case finding for tuberculosis in low- and middle-income countries: a qualitative evidence synthesis.

BACKGROUND: Active case finding (ACF) refers to the systematic identification of people with tuberculosis in communities and amongst populat … to sample studies that had 'thick' description and that investigated key subgroups of children and refugees. We followed standard Cochrane methods for study description and appraisal of methodological limitations. We conducted thematic synthesis and developed codes inductively using ATLAS.ti software. We examined codes for underlying ideas, connections, a …

Experiences of Multiple Myeloma Patients With Treatment in the Palestinian Practice: A Multicenter Qualitative Study in a Resource-Limited Healthcare System.

Background Multiple myeloma is a crippling cancer that puts a significant strain on patients and their families alike. The long and exhausting treatment journey with the disease is challenging not only for patients but also for healthcare systems. This exploratory study was conducted to look into these patients' experiences with their treatment and explore their recommendations and views to improve the Palestinian healthcare system, which can be viewed as an evolving healthcare system within a resource-limited and developing country. Methods The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative

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… Healthcare is provided in the Palestinian territories by four major providers: the Ministry of Health (MoH), the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and the private sector [ 7 ]. …

Workforce participation in relation to cancer diagnosis, type and stage: Australian population-based study of 163,556 middle-aged people.

PurposeTo quantify the relationship of cancer diagnosis to workforce participation in Australia, according to cancer type, clinical features and personal characteristics.MethodsQuestionnaire data (2006-2009) from participants aged 45-64 years (n=163,556) from the population-based 45 and Up Study (n=267,153) in New South Wales, Australia, were linked to cancer registrations to ascertain cancer diagnoses up to enrolment. Modified Poisson regression estimated age- and sex-adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) for non-participation in the paid workforce-in participants with cancer (n=8,333) versus with

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… Residents in NSW were randomly sampled from the Medicare Australia database which covers all citizens and permanent residents, in addition to some temporary residents and refugees who receive universal health care coverage under Medicare. …

Современные методы диагностики медицинских паразитов и артроподов

Обычные методы, такие, как микроскопия, используются для диагностики паразитических заболеваний и медицинских заболеваний, связанных с артроподами, на протяжении многих лет. Некоторые методы считаются золотыми. Однако их ограниченная чувствительность, специфичность и точность, а также потребность в дорогостоящих реагентах и высококвалифицированных технических специалистах являются критическими проблемами. В этой связи постоянно разрабатываются новые инструменты для уменьшения числа проблем. Недавно three Возникли самые современные методы: штрих-кодирование ДНК, геометрические морфометры и иску