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Efficacy of different intensity of aquatic exercise in enhancing remyelination and neuronal plasticity using cuprizone model in male Wistar rats.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Most exercise studies concentrat … alue of p < 0.001 was considered statistically significant. Also, group VI showed improved areas of remyelination in histopathology, an increased expression of myelin basic protein (MBP), reduced expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in corpus callosum, and improved gene expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus re …

Olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation into spinal cord prolongs the survival of mutant SOD1(G93A) ALS rats through neuroprotection and remyelination.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressively fatal, incurable, neurodegenerative disorder. In this study, we investigated whether olfactory ensheathing cells (OEC) transplantation could provide protection to motor neurons and enable remyelination in mutant SOD1(G93A) transgenic rats with ALS. Seventy-two rats were divided into four groups: SOD1(G93A) rats (n = 20); medium+SOD1(G93A) rats (n = 20); OECs+SOD1(G93A) rats (n = 24); and another eight wild-type rats were used as controls. About 5 μL (1 × 10(5)) OECs in DF12 medium was injected into the dorsal funiculus of the thoracic spin…

Lymphotoxin beta receptor (Lt betaR): dual roles in demyelination and remyelination and successful therapeutic intervention using Lt betaR-Ig protein.

Inflammation mediated by macrophages is increasingly found to play a central role in diseases and disorders that affect a myriad of organs, prominent among these are diseases of the CNS. The neurotoxicant-induced, cuprizone model of demyelination is ideally suited for the analysis of inflammatory events. Demyelination on exposure to cuprizone is accompanied by predictable microglial activation and astrogliosis, and, after cuprizone withdrawal, this activation reproducibly diminishes during remyelination. This study demonstrates enhanced expression of lymphotoxin beta receptor (Lt betaR) during…

The Outcomes of Schwann Cell Therapy on Functional Recovery, Axonal Regeneration, and Remyelination in Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review Study.

INTRODUCTION: Cell therapy is regarded as a significant and therapeutic strategy for treating spinal cord injury (SCI). This systematic review was conducted to assess Schwann cell (SC) therapy and its effect on functional recovery, axonal regeneration, and remyelination. METHODS: By a systematic review study, all associated articles that investigated the effect of Schwann cell therapy on functional recovery, axonal regeneration and remyelination and were published between 1995 and 2024 were evaluated through searching in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science. The following keyword…

Intestinal mucosal alterations parallel central demyelination and remyelination: insights into the gut-brain axis in the cuprizone model of multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: The gut-brain axis has been increasingly recognized as a critical factor in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) pathophysiology. While its role in demyelination is well documented, gut-brain axis involvement during remyelination remains largely unexplored. METHODS: Using the cuprizone (CPZ) model, which induces reversible demyelination and spontaneous remyelination upon toxin withdrawal, we investigated gut and brain changes during both disease stages in C57BL/6 mice. Animals were administered 0.2% cuprizone for 5 weeks to induce demyelination, followed by a 2-week recovery phase. Intestinal …

Нальмефен повышает ремиелионирующую способность налфурафина при лечении при очень низких дозах во время экспериментального аутоиммунного энцефаломиелита.

ЦЕЛИ: Множественный склероз является иммунопосредованным воспалительным заболеванием центральной нервной системы. Недавно было обнаружено, что агонисты каппа-опиоидного рецептора (KOR) способствуют восстановлению и восстановлению моделей обезвоживания. Однако побочные эффекты многих агонистов KOR ограничивают клиническое использование. Активация KOR и муоопиоидных рецепторов (MOR) часто оказывает противоположное воздействие. Поэтому вполне вероятно, что активация KOR и антагонизирующая MOR может привести к полезному повышению терапевтической эффективности при меньших дозах.МЕТОДЫ: В этом иссле

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVES: Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Recently, kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonists were found to promote remyelination and recovery in models of demyelination. However, the side effects of many full KOR agonists limit clinical use. Activation of KOR and mu opioid receptors (MOR) often has o…

Метаболическая маркировка кинетики головного мозга 24S-гидроксиклестерина в крови в множестве склероза: эффект лечения ремиелинизирующими антителами RIGM22.

Хлестерин является важным и важным компонентом миелина. Текучесть холестерина мозга в организме человека может быть изучена неинвазивным образом с помощью метаболической маркировки метаболита холестерина 24S-гидроксиклестерина (24-OHC), который высвобождается в кровь. ЦЕЛИ: Мы изучили влияние на оборот холестерина мозга у здоровых людей и на множественный склероз (MS) после лечения плацебо или ремиелионирующей моноколональной антитела, RHIGM22, которая связывается с олигодендроцитами и миелином.МЕТОДЫ: Уровни синтеза холестерина мозга в vivo измерялись на основе использования этикеток и выбыти

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… Remyelinating therapies that target myelination, focusing on oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and mature oligodendrocytes, are in development. 2 A recombinant form of a human remyelination-promoting antibody (rHIgM22) increases myelin accrual in animal models and has undergone safety and tolerability … The metabolic mechanisms of proposed remyelinating therapies have not been testable in humans. …

Mobilization of progenitors in the subventricular zone to undergo oligodendrogenesis in the Theiler's virus model of multiple sclerosis: implications for remyelination at lesions sites.

Remyelination involves the generation of new myelin sheaths around axons, as occurs spontaneously in many multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions and other demyelinating diseases. When considering repairing a diseased brain, the adult mouse subventricular zone (SVZ) is of particular interest since the stem cells in this area can migrate and differentiate into the three major cell types in the central nervous system (CNS). In Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD), we assessed the relative contribution of the SVZ to the remyelination in the corpus callosum at …

Neonatal chimerization with human glial progenitor cells can both remyelinate and rescue the otherwise lethally hypomyelinated shiverer mouse.

Congenitally hypomyelinated shiverer mice fail to generate compact myelin and die by 18-21 weeks of age. Using multifocal anterior and posterior fossa delivery of sorted fetal human glial progenitor cells into neonatal shiverer x rag2(-/-) mice, we achieved whole neuraxis myelination of the engrafted hosts, which in a significant fraction of cases rescued this otherwise lethal phenotype. The transplanted mice exhibited greatly prolonged survival with progressive resolution of their neurological deficits. Substantial myelination in multiple regions was accompanied by the acquisition of normal n

Ketogenic diet improves motor and anxiety-like behaviors plus cerebellar inflammation via axonal remyelination in the BTBR mouse model of autism.

Different evidence suggests that ketogenic diet (KD) ameliorates neurological dysfunctions including core symptoms of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In view of this, we have hypothesized that KD may induce a positive effect even on some ASD comorbidities, such as motor impairment and anxiety, along with cerebellar inflammation and axonal demyelination. BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) and C57BL/6 (C57) mice were fed with a standard chow diet (CD) or KD for 5 weeks. Modified beam walking (MBW) and open field (OFT) tests were used to examine locomotor activity and anxiety-related behaviors. At the sam

Baicalein improves motor dysfunction and cognitive impairment while promoting remyelination in an animal model of multiple sclerosis through the antioxidant mechanism.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease in which repetitive demyelination defeats remyelination and impairs axonal conduction thus resulting in the characteristic disabilities of MS. In searching for new drugs to treat MS, traditional Chinese herbs are gaining increasing attention. METHODS: In animal experiments, an animal model of MS was established by administering cuprizone (CPZ, a copper chelator toxic to cell mitochondria) to C57BL/6J male mice. The therapeutic effects of baicalein (BA) were comprehensively investigated by examining its…

Valproic acid preconditioning of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promotes remyelination of the corpus callosum in a cuprizone-induced demyelination model.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder that currently has no exact treatment. However, stem cell therapy shows pr … BM-MSCs. Also, transplantation of VPA preconditioned BM-MSCs resulted in a significant increase in remyelination and the number of oligodendrocytes while decreasing the number of astrocytes. These findings suggest that VPA preconditioning enhances the therapeutic efficacy of BM-MSCs when applied to cuprizone induced demyelination model.

Inhibition of SUMOylation promotes remyelination and reduces IL-17 mediated autoimmune inflammation: Novel approach toward treatment of inflammatory CNS demyelinating disease.

Small ubiquitin like modifiers (SUMO) are reversible posttranslational modifiers of intracellular proteins. In the CNS, expression of myelin … tors Sox10 and Myrf, which engage in the expression of MBP. In the Cuprizone model of demyelination/remyelination, animals which were treated with TAK981 showed increased remyelination in areas of demyelination and an increase in the number of maturing oligodendrocytes compared to vehicle treated controls. In in vitro cultures of lymphocytes, TAK981 reduced the …

Intranasal delivery of SDF-1α-preconditioned bone marrow mesenchymal cells improves remyelination in the cuprizone-induced mouse model of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to disability in middle- … The results showed the efficacy of intranasal delivery of SDF-1α-preconditioned BMSCs for improving remyelination in the cuprizone model of MS.

Loss of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex1 in Adult Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells Enhances Axon Remyelination and Increases Myelin Thickness after a Focal Demyelination.

Although the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an essential regulator of developmental oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination, oligodendrocyte-specific deletion of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), a major upstream inhibitor of mTOR, surprisingly also leads to hypomyelination during CNS development. However, the function of TSC has not been studied in the context of remyelination. Here, we used the inducible Cre-lox system to study the function of TSC in the remyelination of a focal, lysolecithin-demyelinated lesion in adult male mice. Using two different mouse models in which T…

Loss of Gas6 and Axl signaling results in extensive axonal damage, motor deficits, prolonged neuroinflammation, and less remyelination following cuprizone exposure.

The TAM (Tyro3, Axl, and MerTK) family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and their ligands, Gas6 and ProS1, are important for innate immun … rs of axons and oligodendrocytes in the corpus callosum. Using the cuprizone model of demyelination/remyelination, transmission electron microscopy revealed extensive axonal swellings containing autophagolysosomes and multivesicular bodies, and fewer myelinated axons in brains of DKO mice at 3-weeks recovery from a 6-week cuprizone diet. Analysis of immunofluor …

Ablation of microglia following infection of the central nervous system with a neurotropic murine coronavirus infection leads to increased demyelination and impaired remyelination.

Intracranial inoculation of susceptible mice with a glial-tropic strain of mouse hepatitis virus (JHMV), a murine coronavirus, results in an acute encephalomyelitis followed by viral persistence in white matter tracts accompanied by chronic neuroinflammation and demyelination. Microglia are the resident immune cell of the central nervous system (CNS) and are considered important in regulating events associated with neuroinflammation as well as influencing both white matter damage and remyelination. To better understand mechanisms by which microglia contribute to these immune-mediated events, J…

PET imaging of focal demyelination and remyelination in a rat model of multiple sclerosis: comparison of [11C]MeDAS, [11C]CIC and [11C]PIB.

PURPOSE: In this study, we compared the ability of [(11)C]CIC, [(11)C]MeDAS and [(11)C]PIB to reveal temporal changes in myelin content in f … 7 days after lysolecithin injection (demyelination group) and 4 weeks after lysolecithin injection (remyelination group). RESULTS: The kinetics of [(11)C]CIC, [(11)C]MeDAS and [(11)C]PIB was best fitted by Logan graphical analysis, suggesting that tracer binding is reversible. Compartment modelling revealed that all tracers were fitted best with the reversible …

Cryopreserved cells isolated from the adult canine olfactory bulb are capable of extensive remyelination following transplantation into the adult rat CNS.

Naturally occurring spinal cord injury in dogs provides a potentially powerful intermediate model for testing the efficacy of therapeutic strategies developed in experimental rodent models before phase 1 trials in human patients. A particularly promising strategy involves transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) that both promote axon regeneration and generate new myelin sheaths. As a first step in developing OEC transplantation in the canine intermediate model we describe the isolation, purification, and characterization of OECs from adult dog olfactory bulb. We also show that th