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Construction of a Simple and Extremely Low-Cost 3D-Printed Ultrasound Model for Training in the Pericapsular-Nerve Group (PENG) Block Technique.

3D printing has multiple applications in the practice of medicine, including but not limited to the construction of 3D models to facilitate … , open-source software and 3D models were used to prepare an appropriate pelvic model for printing. Stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing technology was used to produce a resin-based model of the pelvis, with gelatine utilised to create a tissue layer encompassing the model. A sonographic representation of the psoas tendon (a notable landmark in the block) was create …

Characterizing orthodontic tooth movement in real time using dental monitoring scans: A pilot study.

OBJECTIVES: This pilot study aimed to quantify the magnitude and type of tooth movement occurring in short time intervals within the regular … s taken. The number of patients who did the scans regularly as instructed declined as time elapsed. Stereolithography (STL) files generated from the DM scans were superimposed with the STL files from the iTero scans using GOM Inspect software to determine the accuracy of the DM 3D models. To assess rate, type and direction of tooth movement, each of the 3D image ST …

Digital Workflow for Implant-retained Auricular Prosthesis Using Modified 3D Surgical Guide and Negative Mold: A Case Report.

AIM: This case report aims to highlight the application of a computed tomography (CT)-guided, digitally designed workflow for implant-retain … h debulking, split-thickness skin grafting, and a stent-supported healing protocol. A CAD-designed, stereolithography-printed three-piece negative mold was used to fabricate a wax pattern and a color-matched silicone prosthesis secured to a custom metal bar. The patient was instructed on hygiene maintenance to preserve soft tissue health. Patient acceptance of the …

Biomechanical evaluation of individual 3D-printed vertebrae.

BACKGROUND: Personalized 3D-printed bone models are becoming increasingly popular in clinical care. Common applications include the visualiz … ice samples (diameter/length = 1/2) from two different synthetic resins were manufactured using the stereolithography printing process. All samples were mechanically characterized by uniaxial compressive testing. Curve fitting based on power functions (y = axb) allowed the determination of correlations between mechanical parameters and Hounsfield units (bone) as we …

[Effect of porous surface structure on fatigue strength of 3D printed zirconia].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of porous surface structure on fatigue strength of zirconia fabricated by stereolithography apparatus (SLA), and to provide reference for the surface design of 3D printed zirconia implants. METHODS: Zirconia specimens were fabricated by SLA. According to the surface structure, zirconia specimens were divided into non-porous group, 200 μm group and 400 μm group. The surface morphology was observed by 3D laser morphology microscope and scanning electron microscope, and the surface roughness, pore parameters and grain size were measured. The flexural strength of th…

Production tolerance of conventional and digital workflow in the manufacturing of glass ceramic crowns.

OBJECTIVES: To measure and compare the size of the cement gap of wax and polymer copings and final glass-ceramic crowns, produced from conve … m a wax blank, i.e. subtractive manufacturing, and thirty polymer burn-out copings were produced by stereolithography, i.e. additive manufacturing. These copings were embedded and press-cast in lithium disilicate glass ceramic in the same manner as the conventional group. The fit of the wax/polymer copings and subsequent crowns was checked using an impression repli …

A method of characterising the complex anatomy of vascular occlusions and 3D printing biomimetic analogues.

Chronic total occlusions (CTOs) occur in approximately 40% of individuals with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease and are indicative of … ng files were manually segmented to generate 3D models, which were then 3D printed in resin using a stereolithography printer to produce parts suitable for creating a biomimetic. In total, μCT files from three arterial segments (n = 2 high resolution, n = 1 low resolution) were deemed suitably calcified for segmentation, and thus were segmented to produce 3D models …

[Value of a synthetic osseous model obtained by stereo-lithography for preoperative planning. Correction of a complex femoral deformity caused by fibrous dysplasia].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The authors investigated the application of life-sized bone models obtained by stereolithography in orthopaedics. MATERIALS: The method was applied to planify correction of a severe femoral bone deformity secondary to fibrous dysplasia in a 27 years old man. This deformity was responsible for abnormal hip range of motion 70 degrees/-10 degrees (flexion-extension), -20 degrees/60 degrees (abduction-adduction), -30 degrees/60 degrees (external-internal rotation), and restricted walking ability because of lack of abduction and external rotation. A "shepherd-cross" deformity…

[Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the protective performance of two types of mouthguards].

Objective: To investigate the biomechanical characteristics of thermoformed mouthguards and three-dimensional (3D)-printed mouthguards throu … ng a traditional vacuum thermoforming process, and the 3D-printed mouthguard was fabricated using a stereolithography 3D printing process. The volunteer wore the two types of mouthguards respectively, and after confirming that the mouthguards fit well and the occlusion was stable, CT scanning of the maxilla and mandible was performed with a spiral CT scanner. 3D fi …

Design and 3D printing of pelvis phantoms for cementoplasty.

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous image-guided cementoplasty is a medical procedure for strengthening bones structurally altered by disease, such as … e pelvic bones. Two additive manufacturing methods were selected for the production of the phantom: Stereolithography (SLA) for the lattice structure and Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) for the pelvic bones. The disposable component was composed of different lattice structures, selected to best match the anatomic conditions of both healthy and diseased areas visibl …

The Use of Modified 3D-Printed Models for Precise Fenestrations in Physician-Modified Endografts to Treat Aortic Dissections Involving Visceral Branches.

PURPOSE: This study aims to summarize the experience and outcomes of using 3D printing technology to assist physician-modified fenestrated-b … e implanted. These models were fabricated using polycaprolactone composite photosensitive resin and stereolithography technology. They were utilized for preoperative planning and guiding the modification of stent grafts to assist in the positioning of the fenestrations. Outcomes including technical success, 30-day mortality, major adverse events (paraplegia, respir …

The Accuracy of Digital Face Scans Obtained from 3D Scanners: An In Vitro Study.

Face scanners promise wide applications in medicine and dentistry, including facial recognition, capturing facial emotions, facial cosmetic … , USA), and Planmeca ProMax 3D Mid (PM) (Planmeca USA, Inc. IL, USA). Scan data files were saved as stereolithography (STL) files for the measurements. From the STL files, digital face models are created in the computer using Rhinoceros 3D modeling software (Rhino, Robert McNeel and Associates for Windows, Washington DC, USA). Various measurements were measured fiv …

Innovative Approaches in Bone Tissue Engineering: Strategies for Cancer Treatment and Recovery.

Cancer has rapidly emerged as a leading global cause of premature mortality, with significant economic implications projected to reach USD 25.2 trillion from 2020 to 2050. Among the various types of cancer, primary bone cancers, though uncommon, are projected to see nearly 4000 new cases diagnosed in the United States in 2024. The complexity of treating bone cancer arises from its rarity, diversity, and the challenges associated with surgical interventions, metastatic spread, and post-operative complications. Advancements in bone tissue engineering (BTE) have introduced innovative therapeutic

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… Development of a novel aqueous hydroxyapatite suspension for stereolithography applied to bone tissue engineering. Ceram. Int. 2019;45:3902–3909. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.11.063. 54. Lyu S., Huang C., Yang H., Zhang X. Electrospun Fibers as a Scaffolding Platform for Bone Tissue Repair. J. … Apparatus for Production of Three-Dimensional Objects by Stereolithography. US 4,575,330. U.S. Patent. 1986 March 11; 70. Hart A.J., Rao A. How to print a 3D object all at once. Science. 2019;363:1042–1043. doi: 10.1126/science.aaw7062. 71. …

Development and validation of a TOPAS Monte Carlo model for a 0.5 T bi-planar Linac-MR.

BACKGROUND: MR-guided radiotherapy enables real-time imaging and adaptive treatment but may introduce magnetic field effects that alter dose … ponents of the linac head from the target downward are modeled in detail. The MLCs are modeled from stereolithography (STL) design files and controlled via an empirically driven mechanism developed in this work. Water tank measured percent depth dose (PDD) curves and profiles (3 × $\times$ 3  cm 2 ${\rm cm}^2$ to 25 × $\times$ 25  cm 2 ${\rm cm}^2$ ) are comp …

Development and first implementation of a novel multi-modality cardiac motion and dosimetry phantom for radiotherapy applications.

BACKGROUND: Cardiac applications in radiation therapy are rapidly expanding including magnetic resonance guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) for real-time gating for targeting and avoidance near the heart or treating ventricular tachycardia (VT). PURPOSE: This work describes the development and implementation of a novel multi-modality and magnetic resonance (MR)-compatible cardiac phantom. METHODS: The patient-informed 3D model was derived from manual contouring of a contrast-enhanced Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography scan, exported as a Stereolithography model, then post-processed to si…

Additive Manufacturing for Occupational Hygiene: A Comprehensive Review of Processes, Emissions, & Exposures.

This comprehensive review introduces occupational (industrial) hygienists and toxicologists to the seven basic additive manufacturing (AM) p … mination; SDS : safety data sheet; SEM : scanning electron microscopy; SL : sheet lamination; SLA : stereolithography; SLM : selective laser melting; SMPS : scanning mobility particle sizer; SVOC : semi-volatile organic compound; TEM : transmission electron microscopy; TGA : thermal gravimetric analysis; TPU : thermo polyurethane; UAM : ultrasonic additive manufact …

In Vivo Bone Tissue Engineering Strategies: Advances and Prospects.

Reconstruction of critical-sized bone defects remains a tremendous challenge for surgeons worldwide. Despite the variety of surgical techniques, current clinical strategies for bone defect repair demonstrate significant limitations and drawbacks, including donor-site morbidity, poor anatomical match, insufficient bone volume, bone graft resorption, and rejection. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has emerged as a novel approach to guided bone tissue regeneration. BTE focuses on in vitro manipulations with seed cells, growth factors and bioactive scaffolds using bioreactors. The successful clinical

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… Synthetic polymer fabrication is generally performed using salt-leaching, 3D printing, fused deposition modeling, and stereolithography techniques. Biodegradable synthetic polymers demonstrate biocompatibility, biodegradability, and controlled degradation rate [ 81 , 88 , 92 ]. … Multiple fabrication techniques can be used to create bioceramic scaffolds, including particle and salt leaching, gas foaming, phase separation, and additive manufacturing techniques (selective laser sintering, fused deposition modeling, stereolithography and electron beam melting). …

Commercially available bioinks and state-of-the-art lab-made formulations for bone tissue engineering: A comprehensive review.

Bioprinting and bioinks are two of the game changers in bone tissue engineering. This review presents different bioprinting technologies including extrusion-based, inkjet-based, laser-assisted, light-based, and hybrid technologies with their own strengths and weaknesses. This review will aid researchers in the selection and assessment of the bioink; the discussion ranges from commercially available bioinks to custom lab-made formulations mainly based on natural polymers, such as agarose, alginate, gelatin, collagen, and chitosan, designed for bone tissue engineering. The review is centered on

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… Fig. 1 Schematic illustration of the (a) extrusion-based, (b) inkjet-based, (c) laser-assisted, and (d) light-based (stereolithography) 3D bioprinting systems [ 35 ] (CC BY 4.0). … While digital light processing uses a digital light projector to build patterns and cure particular portions of the bioink [ 108 ], stereolithography uses a laser or other light source to selectively cure sections of a liquid resin [ 109 ] ( Fig. 1 D). …

Printing the Pathway Forward in Bone Metastatic Cancer Research: Applications of 3D Engineered Models and Bioprinted Scaffolds to Recapitulate the Bone-Tumor Niche.

Breast cancer commonly metastasizes to bone, resulting in osteolytic lesions and poor patient quality of life. The bone extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a critical role in cancer cell metastasis by means of the physical and biochemical cues it provides to support cellular crosstalk. Current two-dimensional in-vitro models lack the spatial and biochemical complexities of the native ECM and do not fully recapitulate crosstalk that occurs between the tumor and endogenous stromal cells. Engineered models such as bone-on-a-chip, extramedullary bone, and bioreactors are presently used to model cellu

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… Along with developing inkjet techniques, the rise of rapid fabrication processes such as fused deposition modelling (FDM), stereolithography (SLA), and selective laser sintering (SLS) has allowed for more complex three-dimensional shapes [ 179 ]. … Methods for printing include inkjet, extrusion-based laser-induced printing, and projection stereolithography ( Figure 3 ). …

The Role of 3D-Printed Custom-Made Vertebral Body Implants in the Treatment of Spinal Tumors: A Systematic Review.

In spinal surgery, 3D prothesis represents a useful instrument for spinal reconstruction after the removal of spinal tumors that require an "en bloc" resection. This represents a complex and demanding procedure, aiming to restore spinal length, alignment and weight-bearing capacity and to provide immediate stability. Thus, in this systematic review the authors searched the literature to investigate and discuss the advantages and limitations of using 3D-printed custom-made vertebral bodies in the treatment of spinal tumors. A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA (Pref

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… In spinal surgery, the most used are Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), where several materials as metal alloys or ceramics can be used, and Stereolithography (SLA) [ 30 , 31 ]. 4.2. …