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DHCR24 in Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment: A Comprehensive Review.

As an important nutrient in the human body, cholesterol can not only provide structural components for the body's cells, but also can be transformed into a variety of active substances to regulate cell signaling pathways. As an important cholesterol synthase, DHCR24 participates in important regulatory processes in the body. The application of DHCR24 in tumor clinical diagnosis and treatment also attracts much attention. This article reviews the structure and regulatory characteristics of DHCR24, and the research of DHCR24 on tumor progression. We summarize the possible mechanisms of DHCR24 pr

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… However, a significant proportion of these patients eventually develop resistance to docetaxel within a few months. … Combination treatment of docetaxel with caffeic acid phenethyl ester suppresses the survival and the proliferation of docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer cells via induction of apoptosis and metabolism interference. J Biomed Sci. 2022;29(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s12929-022-00797-z 25. …

Риски гематологических обледенений у пациентов, прошедших лечение от твердых опухолей, связанных с использованием пегилизованных гранулоцитов-стимулирующих факторов: 2005.

Широкое применение пегилизованных гранулоцитов (PGCS), в частности pegfilgrastim и липегфилграстим, в целях сокращения числа случаев нейтрализации женских половых органов у пациентов, проходящих химиотерапию. Вместе с тем по-прежнему сохраняется озабоченность по поводу долгосрочной безопасности ПХГФ, в частности по поводу риска вторичных гематологических заболеваний. Цель настоящего исследования заключалась в оценке распространенности вторичных гематологических заболеваний у пациентов, которые лечились от твердых опухолей с помощью PGCSF в одном учреждении 2005 в адрес 2019. Ретроспективный ан

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… LF and PF have demonstrated comparable efficacy in reducing severe neutropenia and FN in patients with breast cancer receiving adjuvant doxorubicin/docetaxel CHT ( 13 , 14 ) and in patients with aggressive B-cell NHL treated with CHOP-21, with an FN incidence of 2% after either LF or PF prophylaxis ( … study Ann Oncol 29 (Suppl 8) VIII607 VII608 2018 10.1093/annonc/mdy300.014 13 Bondarenko I Gladkov OA Elsaesser R Buchner A Bias P Efficacy and safety of lipegfilgrastim versus pegfilgrastim: A randomized, multicenter, active-control phase 3 trial in patients with breast cancer receiving doxorubicin/docetaxel …

Acupuncture and Reflexology for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Breast Cancer.

BackgroundTreatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), which affects approximately 30% to 40% of patients treated with neuropathy-causing agents, is mainly symptomatic. Currently available interventions are of little benefit.Study designThis study was conducted as a retrospective analysis of the efficacy of acupuncture and reflexology in alleviating CIPN in breast cancer patients.MethodsMedical records of 30 consecutive breast cancer patients who received both chemotherapy and treatment for CIPN according to our Acupuncture and Reflexology Treatment for Neuropathy (ART-N) pr

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… Each of the following protocols was given to 4 (14%) patients: vinorelbine ± trastuzumab, docetaxel, carboplatin ± trastuzumab, or carboplatin ± paclitaxel. The chemotherapy was changed in 16 (60%) of the patients who started chemotherapy before the ART-N protocol. … Drug | Average Number of Cycles (n) | Average Cumulative Dose (mg) Adriamycin | 2.6 | 260.3 Capecitabine | 1 | 3000 Carboplatin | 5.5 | 1670 Cyclophosphamide | 206 | 2603 Docetaxel | 1 | 118 Paclitaxel | 10 | 1475 Trastuzumab | 6.5 | 1202 Vinorelbine | 9 | 459 Table 3. …

Monoclonal Antibodies Approved for Cancer Therapy

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Transforming tumor microenvironments: nanotechnology and gene therapy in cellular signaling and epigenetic insight into chemo-resistance.

Chemoresistance remains the primary cause of cancer treatment failure, yet current understanding remains fragmented across isolated mechanistic studies. This review provides a unified framework linking tumor microenvironment (TME) signaling, epigenetic reprogramming, and nanotherapeutic intervention as an integrated axis driving and potentially reversing chemoresistance. We systematically examine how TME components: hypoxia (HIF-1α pathway), acidosis, cancer-associated fibroblasts (TGF-β/PDGF signaling), and immune cells (NF-κB-mediated immunosuppression) activate signaling cascades that direc

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… In one study, culturing cancer cells on a fibronectin-coated stiff substrate led to activation of the PI3K/Akt2 Survivin axis and rendered docetaxel-resistant cells. … For example, siRNA-mediated silencing of EGFR in head and neck squamous carcinoma cells significantly reduced the IC₅₀ values for cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and docetaxel [ 203 ]. …

Fatty acid synthase in chemoresistance: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.

Chemoresistance has been a major obstacle to the efficient treatment of cancer. Recently, targeting lipid metabolism has gained significant attention because of its roles not only in promoting cancer progression but also in inducing chemotherapy resistance. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is the sole enzyme that is in charge of catalyzing the synthesis of palmitate, a long-chain lipid that is essential for membrane construction and post-translational modification in cell biology. Both FAS and its product, palmitate, have been validated as critical players in mediating or causing chemoresistance in c

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… In breast cancer patients (NCT number is not available), curcumin combined with docetaxel showed an improved clinical response and reduced inflammation; however, direct measurement of FAS modulation was not conducted ( Bayet-Robert et al., 2010 ). … Phase I dose escalation trial of docetaxel plus curcumin in patients with advanced and metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Biol. Ther. 9, 8–14. 10.4161/cbt.9.1.10392 Beebe J., Josephraj S., Wang C. J., Danielson J., Cui Q., Huang C., et al. (2022). …

Opportunities and Challenges in Antibody-Drug Conjugates for Cancer Therapy: A New Era for Cancer Treatment.

The antibody, linker, and payload moieties all play a significant role in giving the ADC its unique therapeutic potential. The antibody subclass employed in ADCs is determined based on relative individual receptor affinities and pharmacokinetics. Meanwhile, the linker used in an ADC can either be cleavable or non-cleavable. ADC therapy comprises antibody-dependent mechanisms in addition to the direct cytotoxic effects of the payload. These include antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, complement-dependent cytotoxicity, and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis, as well as the "bystander

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… Although the conjugation of docetaxel with panitumumab has been reported to result in a decrease in tumor size and overall survival in A431 tumor-bearing nude mice, this experimental ADC was concluded to be less efficacious than the combination of panitumumab and docetaxel therapy [ 45 ]. … Synthesis and Characterization of Cetuximab–Docetaxel and Panitumumab–Docetaxel Antibody–Drug Conjugates for EGFR-Overexpressing Cancer Therapy. Mol. Pharm. 2018;15:5089–5102. doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00672. 46. Wilson E.M., Eskander R.N., Binder P.S. …

Basket Trials for Intractable Cancer.

Currently, genomic characterization has become standard of care for tumor types such as non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, and colorectal cancer. A deep understanding of genomic alterations in different tumor types would help identify potentially actionable genomic changes which occur across a wide variety of tumor types. A basket trial is a new type of clinical trial for which eligibility is based on the presence of a specific genomic alteration, irrespective of histology. Basket trials are phase II screening trials for the off-label use of a targeted drug in patients with t

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… For example, the overall response rate (ORR) of docetaxel regimens as first- or second-line therapy was 20.9 and 16.3%, respectively, but was only 2.3% for third-line or further-line therapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ( 5 ). … This rate compares favorably with the 7% ORR reported for standard second-line docetaxel in molecularly unselected patients ( 68 , 69 ). …

Evolution of Cancer Pharmacological Treatments at the Turn of the Third Millennium.

The medical history of cancer began millennia ago. Historical findings of patients with cancer date back to ancient Egyptian and Greek civilizations, where this disease was predominantly treated with radical surgery and cautery that were often ineffective, leading to the death of patients. Over the centuries, important discoveries allowed to identify the biological and pathological features of tumors, without however contributing to the development of effective therapeutic approaches until the end of the 1800s, when the discovery of X-rays and their use for the treatment of tumors provided the

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… Later on, second- (docetaxel) and third-generation (cabazitaxel) derivatives were developed (Bissery et al., 1991 ; Mita et al., 2009 ). … NSCLC patients treated with Nivolumab showed a lower risk of death and higher median PFS and OS compared to NSCLC patients treated with docetaxel (3-years PFS rate of 10% compared to <1%; 3-years OS rate 17 vs. 8% in patients treated with docetaxel; Vokes et al., 2018 ). …

Refining the role of pegfilgrastim (a long-acting G-CSF) for prevention of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia: consensus guidance recommendations.

PurposeChemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (FN) causes treatment delays and interruptions and can have fatal consequences. Current guidelines provide recommendations on granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF) for prevention of FN, but guidance is unclear regarding use of short- vs long-acting G-CSF (e.g., filgrastim vs pegfilgrastim/lipegfilgrastim, respectively). An international panel of experts convened to develop guidance on appropriate use of pegfilgrastim for prevention of chemotherapy-induced FN.MethodsGuidance recommendations were developed following a literature review, su

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… Once-per-cycle pegfilgrastim in breast cancer patients treated with docetaxel/epidoxorubicin/cyclophosphamide. European Journal of Cancer Care. 2010;19(2):200–204. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2354.2008.01004.x. 19. Ozer H., Mirtsching B., Rader M., Luedke S., Noga S. J., Ding B., Dreiling L. … Pegfilgrastim +/− ciprofloxacin for primary prophylaxis with TAC (docetaxel/doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide) chemotherapy for breast cancer. Results from the GEPARTRIO study. Ann Oncol. 2008;19(2):292–298. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdm438. 51. …

Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Axis in Cancer: From Protein Mislocalization to Anticancer Drug Resistance.

Nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) regulates the spatial distribution of proteins and RNA between the nucleus and cytoplasm. NCT dysregulation can mislocalize tumor suppressors, DNA-repair factors, transcription factors, and drug targets in cancer. In this review, we conceptualize NCT-dependent protein mislocalization as a spatial regulatory framework for anticancer drug resistance, rather than as a catalogue of transport components. We systematically discuss how nuclear pore complex (NPC) remodeling, transport-receptor imbalance, post-translational modification (PTM)-regulated cargo routing, s

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… In docetaxel-resistant Michigan Cancer Foundation-7/adriamycin-resistant (MCF7-ADR) breast cancer cells, ribophorin II (RPN2)-dependent glycoslation of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is required for its correct membrane localization. … RPN2 silencing reduces P-gp glycosylation and membrane expression, restoring docetaxel sensitivity in vitro and in vivo [ 81 ]. …

Targeting SREBP-2-Regulated Mevalonate Metabolism for Cancer Therapy.

Recently, targeting metabolic reprogramming has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for fighting cancer. Sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP-2), a basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factor, mainly regulates genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and homeostasis. SREBP-2 binds to the sterol regulatory elements (SREs) in the promoters of its target genes and activates the transcription of mevalonate pathway genes, such as HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), mevalonate kinase and other key enzymes. In this review, we first summarized the structure of SREBP-2 and

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… The combination of fatostatin with docetaxel significantly increases proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction in metastatic PCa harboring p53 mutations, compared with fatostatin alone ( 142 ). … Anti-cancer efficacy of SREBP inhibitor, alone or in combination with docetaxel, in prostate cancer harboring p53 mutations . Oncotarget . ( 2015 ) 6 : 41018 – 32 . 10.18632/oncotarget.5879 26512780 PMC4747386 143. Krycer JR Phan L Brown AJ . …

Exploration of the Use of Natural Compounds in Combination with Chemotherapy Drugs for Tumor Treatment.

Currently, chemotherapy is the main treatment for tumors, but there are still problems such as unsatisfactory chemotherapy results, susceptibility to drug resistance, and serious adverse effects. Natural compounds have numerous pharmacological activities which are important sources of drug discovery for tumor treatment. The combination of chemotherapeutic drugs and natural compounds is gradually becoming an important strategy and development direction for tumor treatment. In this paper, we described the role of natural compounds in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs in synergizing, reduci

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… Natural compounds such as paclitaxel, derivatives of camptothecin (docetaxel, irinotecan), and other antitumor drugs still play a pivotal role in the field of tumor treatment [ 6 , 7 ]. … In vivo and in vitro models of docetaxel resistance, quercetin combined with docetaxel improved the inhibition of cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion, and reversed docetaxel resistance through the PI3K/AKT pathway [ 82 ]. …

Natural Products/Bioactive Compounds as a Source of Anticancer Drugs.

Cancer is one of the major deadly diseases globally. The alarming rise in the mortality rate due to this disease attracks attention towards discovering potent anticancer agents to overcome its mortality rate. The discovery of novel and effective anticancer agents from natural sources has been the main point of interest in pharmaceutical research because of attractive natural therapeutic agents with an immense chemical diversity in species of animals, plants, and microorganisms. More than 60% of contemporary anticancer drugs, in one form or another, have originated from natural sources. Plants

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… Docetaxel was the first to be clinically used with significant clinical activity against different tumors [ 118 , 119 ]. … The taxoids: Paclitaxel and docetaxel The Lancet 1994 344 1267 1272 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)90754-4 7967989 119. Bissery M.-C. Nohynek G. Sanderink G.-J. Lavelle F. Docetaxel (Taxotere): A review of preclinical and clinical experience. …

Perspectives in immunotherapy: meeting report from the “Immunotherapy Bridge”, Napoli, December 5th 2015

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… Treatment-related adverse events of grade 3 or 4 were reported in 10 % of patients in the nivolumab group, as compared with 54 % of those in the docetaxel group [ 63 ]. … Borghaei H Paz-Ares L Horn L Spigel DR Steins M Ready NE Nivolumab versus docetaxel in advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer N Engl J Med 2015 373 17 1627 39 10.1056/NEJMoa1507643 26412456 PMC5705936 64. …

Prediction of cancer drugs by chemical-chemical interactions.

Cancer, which is a leading cause of death worldwide, places a big burden on health-care system. In this study, an order-prediction model was built to predict a series of cancer drug indications based on chemical-chemical interactions. According to the confidence scores of their interactions, the order from the most likely cancer to the least one was obtained for each query drug. The 1(st) order prediction accuracy of the training dataset was 55.93%, evaluated by Jackknife test, while it was 55.56% and 59.09% on a validation test dataset and an independent test dataset, respectively. The propos

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… Moreover, the combination of irinotecan and docetaxel also achieved a high response rate in pre-treated advanced breast cancer patients [71] . … Cabazitaxel-Cancers of the breast and female genital organs Cabazitaxel (DB06772) is used for the treatment of hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer patients pretreated with docetaxel [134] . …

Tumor Targeting with Peptide-Drug Conjugates: Showcasing Key Progress and Hurdles.

Peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) are modular, targeted therapeutics composed of a homing peptide linked to a cytotoxic or modulating drug payload via a cleavable/non-cleavable linker. PDCs utilize peptide targeting to enhance the delivery of potent drugs to tumors, providing advantages such as superior tissue penetration, reduced immunogenicity, and simpler manufacture compared to antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). A comparison of PDCs versus ADCs highlights that PDCs' small size (~1-3 kDa) enables deeper tumor penetration and faster clearance, whereas ADCs (~150 kDa) benefit from prolonged circul

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… It comprises the TH19P01 peptide (Ac-GVRAKAGVRN(Nle)FKSESY), which requires SORT1 for internalization, linked to docetaxel via enzyme-cleavable ester bonds. … TH1902, a new docetaxel–peptide conjugate for the treatment of sortilin-positive triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Sci . 2021;112(10):4317–4334. doi: 10.1111/cas.15086 62. Emons G, Gorchev G, Harter P, et al. …

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, Antibody-Drug Conjugates, and Bispecific Antibodies in Oncogene-Driven Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Evolving Roles in Treatment Sequencing and Resistance Management.

The treatment landscape of oncogene-driven non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has evolved substantially with the development of targeted therapies directed against actionable molecular alterations. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) remain the cornerstone of treatment for many driver-defined subsets; however, acquired resistance, central nervous system progression, and tumor heterogeneity continue to limit long-term disease control. This review examines the mechanistic foundations, clinical evidence, resistance patterns, and emerging therapeutic roles of TKIs, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), a

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… Adagrasib demonstrated improved PFS of 5.5 months versus 3.8 months with docetaxel (HR 0.58; 95% CI 0.45–0.76; p < 0.0001) in previously treated patients in the phase III KRYSTAL-12 trial [ 72 ]. There are several ongoing studies evaluating use of KRAS G12C TKIs in first-line management. … Dato-DXd had significantly fewer grade 3 adverse treatment-related events when compared to docetaxel (25.6% vs. 42.1%), with slightly higher rates of adjudicated drug-related ILD (8.8% vs. 4.1%) [ 85 ]. …

Emerging Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer is responsible for a high burden of disease globally. Over the last two decades, the discovery of targetable oncogenic genomic alterations has revolutionized the treatment landscape for early-stage and advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). New molecular drivers continue to emerge as promising therapeutic targets, including KRAS non-G12C, RAF/MEK, HER3, Nectin-4, folate receptor alpha, ITGB6, and PRMT5. In this review, we summarize the emerging molecular targets with a potential clinical impact in advanced NSCLC, elaborating on their clinical characteristics and specific mech

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… The KRYSTAL-12 study randomized previously treated patients with advanced NSCLC to adagrasib and docetaxel, and similarly showed improvement in PFS and ORR with adagrasib [ 23 ]. … Opnurasib is currently being evaluated in a phase III randomized trial compared to docetaxel in previously treated patients with advanced NSCLC ( NCT05132075 ) [ 33 ]. …

Is It Time to Inform This Patient that Further Antineoplastic Drug Therapy Will Not Be of Clinical Value?

A woman with heavy pre-treated ovarian cancer sought consultation regarding additional treatments. The case raises the vexing question of whether there may be a time in the course of the disease process where it is most appropriate to state further anti-neoplastic therapy will not be of clinical utility.

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… The patient was treated with a program of pelvic radiation and concurrent weekly docetaxel plus bevacizumab. There was a modest decline in the CA-125 antigen level (<50%) and ascites appeared to decrease somewhat. Treatment was continued with carboplatin, docetaxel and bevacizumab. …