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Diagnostic accuracy of dual-layer spectral CT for osteolytic vertebral metastases.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether dual-layer spectral computed tomography, compared with conventional CT, improves diagnostic accuracy for osteolytic vertebral metastases. Furthermore, to investigate the influence of dual-layer CT on the subjective visibility of metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this single-center retrospective study, consecutive patients with an untreated primary tumor who underwent dual-layer CT and either MRI or PET-CT as reference standard within 14 days were included. Two independent observers, blinded to the reference, performed two scorings. First, the conventional C

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… 8; 47–78) Gender , n (%) Male 5 (35.7) Female 9 (64.3) Location primary tumor, n (histology) Breast 3 (1 ductal, 1 lobular, 1 poorly differentiated) Lung 3 (2 non-small cell, 1 adeno) Colon 3 (3 adeno) Vagina 1 (squamous cell) Thyroid 1 (follicular) Oral cavity 1 (squamous cell) Popliteal region 1 (leiomyosarcoma … | Male | 5 (35.7) Female | 9 (64.3) Location primary tumor, n (histology) | Breast | 3 (1 ductal, 1 lobular, 1 poorly differentiated) Lung | 3 (2 non-small cell, 1 adeno) Colon | 3 (3 adeno) Vagina | 1 (squamous cell) Thyroid | 1 (follicular) Oral cavity | 1 (squamous cell) Popliteal region | 1 (leiomyosarcoma …

Short- and Long-Term Prognosis in Hemodynamically Stable Pulmonary Embolism With Unresectable or Metastatic Malignancies: The Role of Performance Status.

BackgroundThe simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI) has limitations when evaluating acute pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with concurrent malignancy. Despite its utility in predicting outcomes among cancer patients, the role of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) in acute PE remains underexplored. This study aims to assess the prognostic significance of ECOG PS ≥ 3 on short- and long-term mortality in acute PE with malignancy, correlating it with the sPESI.Methods and resultsWe retrospectively analyzed 44 hemodynamically stable acute PE patien

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… Uterus leiomyosarcoma: 1 case. Retroperitoneum dedifferentiated liposarcoma: 1 case. | Gastric cancer: 3 cases. NSCLC: 3 cases. Pancreatic cancer: 3 cases. Colorectal cancer: 2 cases. Breast cancer: 1 case. Cervical cancer: 1 case. Thyroid cancer: 1 case. Ovarian cancer: 1 case. … Leiomyosarcoma: 1 case. Endometrioid carcinoma: 1 case. Epithelial carcinoma: 1 case. Serous adenocarcinoma: 1 case. Signet ring cell carcinoma: 1 case. | Adenocarcinoma: 11 cases. Carcinoma: 1 case. Follicular carcinoma: 1 case. Mucinous adenocarcinoma: 1 case. Serous carcinoma: 1 case. …

Detection bias in open-label trials of anticancer drugs: a meta-epidemiological study.

OBJECTIVES: In anticancer clinical trials, particularly open-label trials, central reviewers are recommended to evaluate progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR) to avoid detection bias of local investigators. However, it is not clear whether the bias has been adequately identified, or to what extent it consistently distorts the results. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the detection bias in oncological open-label trials by confirming whether local investigators overestimate the PFS and ORR compared with the findings of central reviewers. DESIGN:

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… Table 1 Characteristics of included studies (n=114) *Endometrial carcinoma, glioblastoma, liposarcoma or leiomyosarcoma, malignant mesothelioma, neuroendocrine tumours, pleural mesothelioma, prostate cancer, small cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. … 1.12) | 0.03 | 37.7% | 0.21 | Endometrial carcinoma | 1 | 0.74 (0.35 to 1.56) | | | | Gastric and gastro-oesophageal junction cancer | 1 | 0.80 (0.62 to 1.02) | | | | Glioblastoma | 1 | 0.83 (0.61 to 1.13) | | | | Hepatocellular cancer | 1 | 0.76 (0.55 to 1.06) | | | | Liposarcoma or Leiomyosarcoma …

Healthcare disparities in cardio oncology: patients receive same level of surveillance regardless of race at a safety net hospital.

BackgroundCardiotoxicity remains a dreaded complication for patients undergoing chemotherapy with human epidermal growth factor (HER)-2 receptor antagonists and anthracyclines. Though many studies have looked at racial disparities in heart failure patients, minimal data is present for the cardio-oncology population.MethodsWe queried the echocardiogram database at a safety net hospital, defined by a high proportion of patients with Medicaid or no insurance, for patients who received HER2 receptor antagonists and/or anthracyclines from January 2016 to December 2018. Patient demographics, clinica

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… 32,800, quartile 3 earnings 32,900 – 56,000, quartile 4 earnings $57,000 – 130,300 b Other cancer types included lymphoma (Hodgkin’s, T-cell, large cell), multiple myeloma, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, abdominal desmoid cancer, carcinoid tumor, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, leiomyosarcoma … Breast cancer was the most common cancer type, with “other types” being very broad, including lymphoma (Hodgkin’s, T-cell, large cell), multiple myeloma, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, abdominal desmoid cancer, carcinoid tumor, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, leiomyosarcoma, and …

Malignant obstruction of the inferior vena cava: clinical experience with the self-expanding Sinus-XL stent system.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the technical and clinical outcome of Sinus-XL stent placement in patients with malignant obstruction syndrome of the inferior vena cava. METHODS: Between October 2010 and January 2021, 21 patients with different malignant primary disease causing inferior vena cava obstruction were treated with Sinus-XL stent implantation. Procedural data, technical and clinical outcome parameters were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Technical success was 100%. Analysis of available manometry data revealed a significant reduction of the mean translesional pressure gradient following t

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… Fig. 1 25-year-old female patient with hepatic metastasis of a retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma. a Preinterventionally performed coronal contrast-enhanced computed tomography demonstrates high-grade stenosis of the IVC in the intrahepatic segment due to the intrahepatic tumor masses. b Corresponding cavography … . b Balloon post-dilatation after deployment of the nitinol stent within the malignant stenosis. c Final cavography demonstrates significant improvement of the venous backflow and absence of venous collateral blood flow Fig. 1 25-year-old female patient with hepatic metastasis of a retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma …

Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (sFRP4) in cancer - Dual roles in tumorigenesis and therapeutic potential: A review.

Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 4 (sFRP4), the largest member of the Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein (sFRP) family, contains two functional domains: a cysteine-rich domain (CRD) homologous to the Wnt-binding region of Frizzled (FZD) receptors and a netrin-like (NTR) domain structurally similar to axonal guidance proteins. By modulating the Wingless/Integrated (Wnt) signaling pathway, sFRP4 regulates essential cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and tissue homeostasis. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the dualistic roles of sFRP4 in

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… It exhibits significant anti-oncogenic effects across various malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma [ 33 ], ovarian cancer [ 34 ], glioma [ 35 ], uterine leiomyosarcoma [ 36 ], cervical cancer [ 37 ], and lung cancer [ 37 , 38 ]. … Similarly, r-sFRP4 treatment significantly decreased cell viability and migration while enhancing adhesion in uterine leiomyosarcoma cells [ 36 ]. In MM cells, r-sFRP4 inhibits proliferation and migration, primarily through its netrin-related motif (NTR), with limited involvement from the CRD. …

High-dose vitamin C: A promising anti-tumor agent, insight from mechanisms, clinical research, and challenges.

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, has sparked controversy since it first emerged as a potential anti-cancer agent. However, an increasing number of preclinical studies have demonstrated that high-dose vitamin C exhibits selective anti-tumor effects, including "pro-oxidative cytotoxicity", "anti-cancer epigenetic regulation", and "immune modulation". Consequently, vitamin C has reemerged as a promising anti-cancer therapy in the form of high-dose administration. Advancements in pharmacokinetic research have facilitated the development of clinical trials. Early clinical studies across vari

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… the HDVC group had longer PFS compared with the control group and tended to have a longer OS (but failed to achieve statistical significance) | This phase III trial suggested that future clinical trials should take patient stratification into account | 125 Immunotherapy (pembrolizumab) | Metastatic leiomyosarcoma … However, a recent case report was the first to describe the clinical application of HDVC in conjunction with immunotherapy. 123 In this report, two patients with metastatic leiomyosarcoma received treatment with pembrolizumab (200 mg every 3 weeks) combined with weekly 25 g HDVC after radiotherapy. …

A comprehensive evaluation of potentially significant drug-drug, drug-herb, and drug-food interactions among cancer patients receiving anticancer drugs.

IntroductionDuring the cancer treatment path, cancer patients use numerous drugs, including anticancer, supportive, and other prescribed medications, along with herbs and certain products. This puts them at risk of significant drug interactions (DIs). This study describes DIs in cancer patients and their prevalence and predictors.MethodsA cross-sectional study design was used to achieve the study objectives. The study was carried out in two centers in the northern West Bank, Palestine. The Lexicomp® Drug Interactions tool (Lexi-Comp, Hudson OH, USA) was applied to check the potential DIs. In a

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… 25 (7.6%) Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) 21 (6.4%) Lung cancer 21(6.4%) Ovarian cancer 17 (5.2%) Pancreatic cancer 12 (3.7%) Prostate cancer 7 (2.1%) Gastric cancer 5 (1.5%) Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) 5 (1.5%) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) 3 (0.9%) Uterine cancer 2 (0.6%) Gallbladder cancer 2 (0.6%) Leiomyosarcoma … lymphoma (HL) | 21 (6.4%) Lung cancer | 21(6.4%) Ovarian cancer | 17 (5.2%) Pancreatic cancer | 12 (3.7%) Prostate cancer | 7 (2.1%) Gastric cancer | 5 (1.5%) Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) | 5 (1.5%) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) | 3 (0.9%) Uterine cancer | 2 (0.6%) Gallbladder cancer | 2 (0.6%) Leiomyosarcoma …

Synchronous occurrence of Waldenström macroglobulinemia and HER2-positive gastric adenocarcinoma with gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a rare case report.

There are very few reports of gastric cancer (GC) and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) occurring at the same time in the literature. In particular, the collision of GIST and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2)-positive gastric carcinoma in a patient with Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) has never been reported. We report the case of an 80-year-old male who initially presented with dizziness with fatigue for more than 1 month. He underwent total gastrectomy. Pathology revealed GC (moderately to poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma), GIST (low-risk category) and low-g

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… Experimental models for gastric leiomyosarcoma. The effects of N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in combination with stress, aspirin, or sodium taurocholate. Cancer. (1984) 53:1088–92. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19840301)53:5<1088:aid-cncr2820530512>3.0.co;2-y 10. …

Advanced Diagnostic Techniques

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… Although cytokeratins are the typical marker of epithelial differentiation, they can be detected in mesenchymal tumors (melanoma, leiomyosarcoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, liposarcoma, meningioma, and angiosarcoma) although usually in only a few cells as opposed to the diffuse and strong staining … B, Leiomyosarcoma in the intestine of a dog with spindloid neoplastic cells ( s ) that have characteristic subplasmalemmal and cytoplasmic densities ( arrows ) of smooth muscle cells. Note the extracellular matrix (m) . …

Serum Onconeural Antibodies in Dogs and Cats for Early Diagnosis of Cancer.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in dogs and cats worldwide, and effective early detection techniques and reliable therapies are still lacking. Given the high demand for early cancer detection and differentiation in veterinary diagnostics, we developed and validated a new diagnostic approach to assess onconeural antibodies, also known as high-risk antibodies, in dog and cat blood serum samples. We determined the presence of systemic onconeural/high-risk (ONHR) antibodies, their suitability for early cancer diagnostics, and the feasibility of differentiating various malignancies. Ou

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… Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma | None | Anti-GAD65 7 | Poodle | 14 years and 8 months | FS | Mammary gland Carcinoma | None | Anti-Yo; anti-GAD65 8 | Samoyed | 10 years and 1 month | MN | Lung squamous cell carcinoma | None | Anti-CV2; anti-GAD65 9 | Golden Retriever | 8 years and 3 months | F | Uterin leiomyosarcoma … In this study, anti-Tr antibodies have been detected in uterine leiomyosarcoma, mammary gland carcinoma, lymphoma, mast cell tumors, and other cancers in dog and cat sera. …

Fatty acid synthase in chemoresistance: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.

Chemoresistance has been a major obstacle to the efficient treatment of cancer. Recently, targeting lipid metabolism has gained significant attention because of its roles not only in promoting cancer progression but also in inducing chemotherapy resistance. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is the sole enzyme that is in charge of catalyzing the synthesis of palmitate, a long-chain lipid that is essential for membrane construction and post-translational modification in cell biology. Both FAS and its product, palmitate, have been validated as critical players in mediating or causing chemoresistance in c

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… In uterine leiomyosarcomas SK-UT-1 cells, the upregulation of FAS appears to activate the histone methylation of H3K9 (H3K9me3) and acetylation of H3K27 (H3K27ac), therefore promoting the proliferation, which can be reversed by FAS siRNA transfection ( Guan et al., 2017 ). … Fatty acid synthase reprograms the epigenome in uterine leiomyosarcomas. PLoS One 12, e0179692. 10.1371/journal.pone.0179692 Herbst D. A., Townsend C. A., Maier T. (2018). The architectures of iterative type I PKS and FAS. Nat. Prod. Rep. 35, 1046–1069. 10.1039/c8np00039e Howells L. M., Berry D. …

Dermatological manifestations of hematologic neoplasms. Part II: nonspecific skin lesions/paraneoplastic diseases.

Cutaneous manifestations occur in the course of hematologic malignancies and precede, accompany or occur late in relation to the diagnosis. They result from paraneoplastic phenomena, tumor infiltrations, immunosuppression resulting from the hematologic disease itself or its treatment. The dermatologist must be aware of these conditions that may be helpful both in the diagnosis of the underlying disease and in reducing patient morbidity. This review (part II) addresses the paraneoplastic dermatological changes associated with systemic hematologic malignancies.

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… . | Skin hydration Keratolytic agents | Others: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, leiomyosarcoma, MF, MM | Similar to fish scales | Treatment of the underlying disease | | Trunk and limbs – extensor surfaces, sparing flexures | Erythema nodosum | LMA, LMC, LMMC | Tender, erythematous … The AI intensity ​​may be associated with the severity or recurrence of the internal cause. 68 The association between adult AI and malignancy is a frequent one, including Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), leiomyosarcoma, mycosis fungoides, MM, Kaposi's sarcoma …

Recent advances in anti-angiogenic therapy of cancer.

Since angiogenesis is critical for tumor growth and metastasis, anti-angiogenic treatment is a highly promising therapeutic approach. Thus, for over last couple of decades, there has been a robust activity aimed towards the discovery of angiogenesis inhibitors. More than forty anti-angiogenic drugs are being tested in clinical trials all over the world. This review discusses agents that have approved by the FDA and are currently in use for treating patients either as single-agents or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents.

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… On the contrary, thalidomide did not significantly add to the efficacy of the fludarabine, carboplatin, and topotecan (FCT) regimen in poor prognosis AML patients [ 131 ] and was also ineffective in improving prognosis or decreasing plasma VEGF levels in patients with persistent or recurrent leiomyosarcoma … combination with fludarabine, carboplatin, and topotecan for high-risk acute myelogenous leukemia Leuk Lymphoma 2007 48 1940 9 17917962 10.1080/10428190701573208 132 McMeekin DS Sill MW Darcy KM Stearns-Kurosawa DJ Webster K Waggoner S Benbrook D A phase ii trial of thalidomide in patients with refractory leiomyosarcoma …

A Comprehensive Review on the Therapeutic Potential of Curcuma longa Linn. in Relation to its Major Active Constituent Curcumin.

Curcuma longa Linn. (C. longa), popularly known as turmeric, belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and has a long historical background of having healing properties against many diseases. In Unani and Ayurveda medicine, C. longa has been used for liver obstruction and jaundice, and has been applied externally for ulcers and inflammation. Additionally, it is employed in several other ailments such as cough, cold, dental issues, indigestion, skin infections, blood purification, asthma, piles, bronchitis, tumor, wounds, and hepatic disorders, and is used as an antiseptic. Curcumin, a major constitu

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… Curcumin also hinders the cellular growth of uterine leiomyosarcoma and reduces the spread of castrate-resistant disease and human leiomyosarcoma cells via modulating the AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin pathway for inhibition ( Wong et al., 2011 ). …

33rd Европейский конгресс патологии - резюме.

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Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Axis in Cancer: From Protein Mislocalization to Anticancer Drug Resistance.

Nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) regulates the spatial distribution of proteins and RNA between the nucleus and cytoplasm. NCT dysregulation can mislocalize tumor suppressors, DNA-repair factors, transcription factors, and drug targets in cancer. In this review, we conceptualize NCT-dependent protein mislocalization as a spatial regulatory framework for anticancer drug resistance, rather than as a catalogue of transport components. We systematically discuss how nuclear pore complex (NPC) remodeling, transport-receptor imbalance, post-translational modification (PTM)-regulated cargo routing, s

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… PI3K/mTOR inhibition | Suppresses Akt signaling and promotes FOXO3a nuclear translocation | Taxol-resistant NSCLC cells/xenografts | Overcomes multidrug resistance and induces apoptosis | [ 119 ] Selinexor + eribulin | Causes nuclear retention of IκB-α and reduces NF-κB nuclear signaling | Uterine leiomyosarcoma … NF-κB pathway: In uterine leiomyosarcoma models, selinexor caused nuclear retention of nuclear retention of inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (IκB-α), reduced NF-κB nuclear translocation, and sensitized tumors to eribulin chemotherapy [ 120 ]. …

Oncologic emergency in patients with skeletal metastasis of unknown primary.

AimPatients with skeletal metastasis from prediagnosed primary malignancy sometimes have concurrent oncologic emergency (OE) during the first visit. This study aims to investigate the types of OEs and treatment outcome in such patients.MethodsWe have experienced 359 patients with skeletal metastasis from unknown primary malignancy. Among them, 130 patients required immediate admission for OE treatment (OE group), 229 patients had no OE and did not required immediate admission (non-OE group).ResultsThe recognized types of OE were spinal cord compression in 60 patients, cancer pain in 30, hyperc

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… Bone biopsy and histopathological examination revealed eight cases of primary bone sarcoma (three angiosarcomas, two osteosarcomas, two undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, and one leiomyosarcoma), which were excluded from this study. …

Longitudinal development and clinical predictors of financial toxicity among radiation oncology patients: final results of the SOCOFIN study.

PurposeFinancial toxicity (FT) associated with cancer and its treatment has become increasingly important. This study investigated factors associated with the development of FT during radiation therapy (RT). SOCOFIN was the first longitudinal prospective study to systematically evaluate FT in the context of RT.MethodsFinancial toxicity was measured with the Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST-12) at RT initiation, completion, and at 3 months afterwards. Secondary endpoints included socioeconomic factors, health-related quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30), depression (PHQ-9), coping me

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… Other cancer includes multiple myeloma, sarcoma (e.g., pleomorphic sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, myxoid liposarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (e.g., diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, B‑cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, marginal zone lymphoma … Other cancer includes multiple myeloma, sarcoma (e.g., pleomorphic sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, myxoid liposarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (e.g., diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, B‑cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, marginal zone lymphoma …

A signal-seeking Phase 2 study of olaparib and durvalumab in advanced solid cancers with homologous recombination repair gene alterations.

PurposeTo determine the safety and efficacy of PARP plus PD-L1 inhibition (olaparib + durvalumab, O + D) in patients with advanced solid, predominantly rare cancers harbouring homologous recombination repair (HRR) defects.Patients and methodsIn total, 48 patients were treated with O + D, 16 with BRCA1/2 alterations (group 1) and 32 with other select HRR alterations (group 2). Overall, 32 (66%) patients had rare or less common cancers. The primary objective of this single-arm Phase II trial was a progression-free survival rate at 6 months (PFS6). Post hoc exploratory analyses were conducted on

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… 75% 1 | 1 | 6% | 8 | 25% Lines of prior systemic treatment Median line (range) | 1.5 (1–3) | 2 (0–5) Prior lines <2 | 8 | 50% | 9 | 28% Cancer type Bone and soft tissue sarcomas | 4 | 25% | 8 | 25% Alveolar soft part sarcoma | | | 1 | 3% Chondrosarcoma | | | 2 | 6% Ewing’s sarcoma | | | 1 | 3% Leiomyosarcoma … Outside of histotypes excluded from our trial, OTR was seen in two pancreas cancers, three uterine leiomyosarcomas, one uterine sarcoma, one uterine carcinoma and testicular cancer. There were no OTR achieved amongst the ten cholangiocarcinoma or gallbladder cancers treated in the trial [ 56 ]. …