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Biosynthesis of anticancer phytochemical compounds and their chemistry.

Cancer is a severe health issue, and cancer cases are rising yearly. New anticancer drugs have been developed as our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind diverse solid tumors, and metastatic malignancies have increased. Plant-derived phytochemical compounds target different oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, protein channels, immune cells, protein channels, and pumps, which have attracted much attention for treating cancer in preclinical studies. Despite the anticancer capabilities of these phytochemical compounds, systemic toxicity, medication resistance, and limited absorption re

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… In treating various carcinomas, Taxol analog docetaxel has gained immense attention. Docetaxel’s therapeutic application is currently constrained because of its non-specific targeted nature and related side effects ( Newman et al., 2008 ). … The plant component 10-deacetylbaccatin-III, an inactive precursor chemical found in the needles of the endangered Taxus baccata , is used to synthesize docetaxel artificially ( Imran et al., 2020 ). …

Whether and How Disutilities of Adverse Events were Used in the Economic Evaluation of Drug Therapy for Cancer Treatment.

BackgroundThe disutilities of adverse events (AEs) are important inputs for cost-utility analysis (CUA), reflecting the impacts of AEs on health outcomes. Health technology assessment institutions and scholars have proposed recommendations for applying disutility values in economic evaluations.ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify the current use of disutilities of AEs as model parameters in the CUA of cancer drug therapy and to compare the discrepancies between the use of disutilities and published recommendations.MethodsA systematic search was conducted on the PubMed, Web of Science, and Co

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… (− 0.056) and trastuzumab plus docetaxel (− 0.04) [ 29 ]; 6% (16/254) were based on severity, such as disutility due to grade 1 and 2 AEs (− 0.014), and grade 3–5 AEs (− 0.157) [ 30 ]; and 1% (2/254) were based on the care setting, such as disutilities of AEs in outpatient (− 0.13) and inpatient (− … Liu Q Luo X Peng L Yi L Wan X Zeng X Nivolumab versus docetaxel for previously treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer in China: a cost-effectiveness analysis Clin Drug Investig 2020 40 2 129 137 10.1007/s40261-019-00869-3 31679121 PMC6989620 40. …

Rational treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy with capsaicin 8% patch: from pain relief towards disease modification.

PurposeChemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) with associated chronic pain is a common and disabling condition. Current treatments for neuropathic pain in CIPN are largely ineffective, with unfavorable side-effects. The capsaicin 8% patch (capsaicin 179 mg patch) is approved for the treatment of neuropathic pain: a single topical cutaneous application can produce effective pain relief for up to 12 weeks. We assessed the therapeutic potential of capsaicin 8% patch in patients with painful CIPN, and its mechanism of action.Patients and methods16 patients with chronic painful CIPN (mea

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… More than 30% of patients treated with neurotoxic chemotherapy agents develop peripheral neuropathy. 11 The risk is higher with cisplatin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, vincristine, oxaliplatin, and bortezomib. 12 , 13 The platinum-based 14 and other drugs 15 – 18 may lead to the “coasting” phenomenon ie, an … Clinical characteristics of severe peripheral neuropathy induced by docetaxel (Taxotere). Ann Oncol . 1997;8(2):187–190. doi: 10.1023/a:1008245400251 18. Verstappen CC, Koeppen S, Heimans JJ, et al. Dose-related vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy with unexpected off-therapy worsening. …

Curcumin: An age-old anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic agent.

Curcumin is a natural anti-inflammatory agent that has been used for treating medical conditions for many years. Several experimental and pharmacologic trials have demonstrated its efficacy in the role as an anti-inflammatory agent. Curcumin has been shown to be effective in treating chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer's and common malignancies like colon, stomach, lung, breast, and skin cancers. As treatments in medicine become more and more complex, the answer may be something simpler. This is a review article written with the objective to syst

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… for ovarian cancer, 33 as well as curcumin and oxaliplatin for colon cancer. 33 , 37 Studies investigating the use of Docetaxel and curcumin as potential treatments for breast cancer have also shown that curcumin can be well tolerated in addition to the chemotherapy. 36 One interesting study of 85 … Metabolomics reveals metabolic targets and biphasic responses in breast cancer cells treated by curcumin alone and in association with docetaxel PLoS One 8 3 2013 10.1371/journal.pone.0057971 PMC3589461 23472124 37 Zhou D. Ding N. Du Z. …

The Immune Regulatory Role of Adenosine in the Tumor Microenvironment.

Adenosine, an immunosuppressive metabolite, is produced by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released from dying or stressed cells and is found at high levels in the tumor microenvironment of most solid tumors. It mediates pro-tumor activities by inducing tumor cell proliferation, migration or invasion, tumor tissue angiogenesis, and chemoresistance. In addition, adenosine plays an important role in regulating anti-tumor immune responses and facilitating tumor immune escape. Adenosine receptors are broadly expressed by tumor-infiltrated immune cells, including suppressive tumor-associated macrophag

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… zimberelimab | PHASE2 | 17 January 2022 NCT04381832 | Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant|Androgen-Resistant Prostatic Neoplasms|Castration Resistant Prostatic Neoplasms|Prostatic Cancer, Castration-Resistant | DRUG: Etrumadenant|DRUG: Zimberelimab|DRUG: Quemliclustat|DRUG: Enzalutamide|DRUG: Docetaxel … zimberelimab | PHASE2 | 17 January 2022 NCT04381832 | Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant|Androgen-Resistant Prostatic Neoplasms|Castration Resistant Prostatic Neoplasms|Prostatic Cancer, Castration-Resistant | DRUG: Etrumadenant|DRUG: Zimberelimab|DRUG: Quemliclustat|DRUG: Enzalutamide|DRUG: Docetaxel …

Targeting dorsal root ganglia for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: from bench to bedside.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a debilitating condition affecting an increasing number of cancer survivors worldwide. However, insights into its pathophysiology and availability of effective therapies remain lacking. Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) have been studied as a key component of chemotherapeutic drug toxicity and a potential therapeutic target for CIPN treatment. This comprehensive review aims to synthesize, summarize, and correlate the results of both preclinical and clinical studies relevant to the pathophysiology and management of CIPN in relation to the DRG. Design

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… Taxane-induced CIPN Taxanes are common first-line solid-tumor chemotherapies that inhibit microtubule–tubulin disassembly. 19 The two most widely used, and implicated in CIPN, are paclitaxel and docetaxel. 20 The prevalence of taxane-induced CIPN is as high as 90% in taxane-treated patients on standard … Characterization and diagnostic evaluation of chronic polyneuropathies induced by oxaliplatin and docetaxel comparing skin biopsy to quantitative sensory testing and nerve conduction studies. Eur J Neurol 2014; 21: 623–629. 84. Krarup-Hansen A, Helweg-Larsen S, Schmalbruch H, et al. …

Dietary Supplements in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A New Hope?

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the main and most prevalent side effects of chemotherapy, significantly affecting the quality of life of patients and the course of chemotherapeutic treatment. Nevertheless, despite its prevalence, the management of the CIPN is considered particularly challenging, with this condition often being perceived as very difficult or even impossible to prevent with currently available agents. Therefore, it is imperative to find better options for patients diagnosed with this condition. While the search for the new agents must continue, anothe

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… The Kampo Medicine Goshajinkigan Prevents Neuropathy in Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Docetaxel. Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. 2013;14:6351–6356. doi: 10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.11.6351. 51. … Docetaxel Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Breast Cancer Patients and Its Amelioration by Vitamin E. Kufa Med. J. 2017;17:13–27. 57. Shamsaei G., Ahmadzadeh A., Mehraban N. …

Molecular-targeted therapy toward precision medicine for gastrointestinal caner: Current progress and challenges.

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer remains the deadliest cancer in the world. The current standard treatment for GI cancer focuses on 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapeutic regimens and surgery, and molecular-targeted therapy is expected to be a more effective and less toxic therapeutic strategy for GI cancer. There is well-established evidence for the use of epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted and vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted antibodies, which should routinely be incorporated into treatment strategies for GI cancer. Other potential therapeutic targets involve the PI3K/AKT pathwa

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… A phase II study of selumetinib (AZD6244; ARRY-142866) (a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of MEK) + docetaxel as second-line chemotherapy for patients with GC is underway. Selumetinib + docetaxel revealed useful efficacy and tolerable safety in GC patients with a MEK signature or RAS gene alterations. … The ATTRACTION-3 trial, which was a phase III trial of the efficiency of nivolumab, revealed that nivolumab treatment resulted in significantly higher OS relative to chemotherapy (docetaxel or paclitaxel) in a PDL1-unselected population with EC[ 85 ]. …

Mapping the function of MicroRNAs as a critical regulator of tumor-immune cell communication in breast cancer and potential treatment strategies.

Among women, breast cancer ranks as the most prevalent form of cancer, and the presence of metastases significantly reduces prognosis and diminishes overall survival rates. Gaining insights into the biological mechanisms governing the conversion of cancer cells, their subsequent spread to other areas of the body, and the immune system's monitoring of tumor growth will contribute to the advancement of more efficient and targeted therapies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in the interaction between tumor cells and immune cells, facilitating tumor cells' evasion of the immune system and p

Скрытые расходы PEG-rhG-CSF на аутлогическую трансплантацию стволовых клеток для недавно диагностированной множественной миеломы.

Оценить клиническую ценность полиэтилен-гликолизированного рекомбинированного человеческого гранулоцита-стимулирующего фактора (PEG-rhG-CSF) для гематопоэтического восстановления после аутологической трансплантации стволовых клеток (ASCT) у недавно диагностированных пациентов с множественными миеломами (NDMM). В настоящем исследовании анализируются данные, полученные от 70 Пациенты NDMM, проходящие ACCT, с 33 получение PEG-rhG-CSF и 37 Принимаю RG-CSF. Среднее время нейтрофильного и тромбоцитного оплодотворения, медианное переливание продуктов крови, неблагоприятные реакции, связанные с лечени

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… Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of pegfilgrastim for preventing febrile neutropenia during docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil therapy for esophageal cancer. Anticancer Res. 43 , 2293–2298. 10.21873/anticanres.16393 (2023). 19. Moon, Y. W. et al. … Docetaxel plus ramucirumab with primary prophylactic pegylated granulocyte-colony stimulating factor support for elderly patients with advanced NSCLC: A multicenter prospective single arm phase 2 trial: Dragon study (WJOG9416L). JTO Clin. Res. …

HMGB1 enhances chemotherapy resistance in multiple myeloma cells by activating the nuclear factor-κB pathway.

Chemotherapy resistance is a main obstacle in the clinical chemotherapeutic treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been revealed to be associated with the sensitivity of MM cells to chemotherapy, but how HMGB1 regulates chemotherapy resistance in MM has yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, the exact molecular mechanism underlying HMGB1-mediated drug resistance in MM was explored using three chemotherapy-resistant MM cells (RPMI8226/ADR, RPMI8226/BOR and RPMI8226/DEX) that were successfully established. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymeras

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… In human lung adenocarcinoma, HMGB1-regulated autophagy is also considered as a critical contributor to docetaxel resistance ( 10 ). … HMGB1-mediated autophagy promotes docetaxel resistance in human lung adenocarcinoma. Mol Cancer. 2014;13(165) doi: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-165. 11. Guo X, He D, Zhang E, Chen J, Chen Q, Li Y, Yang L, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Wang G, et al. …

The impact of primary prophylaxis with granulocyte colony-stimulating factors on febrile neutropenia during chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

PurposeThe study aims to assess the relative efficacy of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) products administered as primary prophylaxis (PP) to patients with cancer receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy.MethodsA systematic literature review identified publications (January 1990 to September 2013) of randomized controlled trials evaluating PP with filgrastim, pegfilgrastim, lenograstim, or lipegfilgrastim in adults receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy for solid tumors or non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Direct, indirect, and mixed-treatment comparison (MTC) were used to estimate the odds

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… Efficacy and safety of lipegfilgrastim versus pegfilgrastim: a randomized, multicenter, active-control phase 3 trial in patients with breast cancer receiving doxorubicin/docetaxel chemotherapy. BMC Cancer. 2013;13:386. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-386. 24. Kuderer NM, Dale DC, Crawford J, Lyman GH. … XM02 is superior to placebo and equivalent to Neupogen in reducing the duration of severe neutropenia and the incidence of febrile neutropenia in cycle 1 in breast cancer patients receiving docetaxel/doxorubicin chemotherapy. BMC Cancer. 2008;8:332. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-8-332. 37. …

Immunologic and clinical effects of targeting PD-1 in lung cancer.

Therapeutic antibodies that block the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint pathway prevent T-cell downregulation and promote immune responses against cancer. Several PD-1 pathway inhibitors have shown robust activity in initial trials. This article reviews the preclinical evidence, rationale, and clinical pharmacology of blockade of PD-1 or its ligands as therapy for lung cancer and provides an overview of agents in development, clinical evidence to date, and implications for clinical application.

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… The second involves assessing overall survival vs. docetaxel in patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC who failed platinum therapy ( NCT01903993 ). 40 PD-1 Antibodies targeting PD-1 will inhibit binding of PD-1 to both its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2. … In addition, overall survival, progression-free survival, and safety of pembrolizumab (low dose or high dose) vs. docetaxel are being evaluated in a phase II/III trial in previously treated NSCLC patients ( NCT01905657 ). …

Targeting Intercellular Communication in the Bone Microenvironment to Prevent Disseminated Tumor Cell Escape from Dormancy and Bone Metastatic Tumor Growth.

Metastasis to the bone is a common feature of many cancers including those of the breast, prostate, lung, thyroid and kidney. Once tumors metastasize to the bone, they are essentially incurable. Bone metastasis is a complex process involving not only intravasation of tumor cells from the primary tumor into circulation, but extravasation from circulation into the bone where they meet an environment that is generally suppressive of their growth. The bone microenvironment can inhibit the growth of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) by inducing dormancy of the DTC directly and later on following forma

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… Nanoparticles with surface expression of a quinolone non-peptide integrin binding ligand were generated and used to deliver docetaxel pro-drug to preclinical models of breast cancer bone metastases. … The authors found that docetaxel was effectively delivered to bone metastases in vivo, resulting in significant reductions in tumor lesion size concomitant with less hepatotoxicity compared to treatment with standard docetaxel. …

Revisiting strategies to target ABC transporter-mediated drug resistance in CNS cancer.

A significant number of anticancer drugs fail to treat primary and metastatic brain tumors primarily because of the complex blood-brain barrier (BBB) and overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, which decrease drug penetration into the central nervous system and ultimately into tumors. It is noteworthy that the ABC transporters, ABCB1 [known as P-glycoprotein (P-gp)] and ABCG2 [known as breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)], are overexpressed in brain tumors, including common gliomas. The co-presence of these transporters may negate the inhibition of either transporter, pa

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… Elacridar significantly increased the brain concentrations of docetaxel in wild-type mice by 3.6-fold but did not significantly alter its plasma concentration. … Kemper EM Verheij M Boogerd W Beijnen JH van Tellingen O Improved penetration of docetaxel into the brain by co-administration of inhibitors of P-glycoprotein Eur J Cancer 2004 40 1269 74 15110893 10.1016/j.ejca.2004.01.024 166. …

Recent Advances in Understanding the Mechanisms of Elemene in Reversing Drug Resistance in Tumor Cells: A Review.

Malignant tumors are life-threatening, and chemotherapy is one of the common treatment methods. However, there are often many factors that contribute to the failure of chemotherapy. The multidrug resistance of cancer cells during chemotherapy has been reported, since tumor cells' sensitivity decreases over time. To overcome these problems, extensive studies have been conducted to reverse drug resistance in tumor cells. Elemene, an extract of the natural drug Curcuma wenyujin, has been found to reverse drug resistance and sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy. Mechanisms by which elemene rever

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… Zhang et al. [ 37 ] found that β-elemene significantly downregulated intracellular miRNA-29a and miRNA222 in human BCA adriacin (Adr)-resistant MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/Adr) and docetaxel (Doc)-resistant MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/Doc). … Similarly, in the treatment of NSCLC patients, the levels of CD3 + , CD4 + , and CD8 + cells were higher in the elemene injection plus docetaxel and nedaplatin treatment groups compared with the control group treated with docetaxel plus nedaplatin [ 143 ]. …

Unlocking artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning to combat therapeutic resistance in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a comprehensive review.

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains a formidable clinical challenge despite advancements in therapy. This narrative review explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning and deep learning in addressing therapeutic resistance in mCRPC. AI-driven approaches leverage integrated datasets encompassing genomics, proteomics and clinical parameters to uncover molecular mechanisms, predict treatment responses and identify biomarkers of resistance. These methodologies promise personalised treatment strategies tailored to individual patient profiles. Howev

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… metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer progressing after docetaxel treatment: A randomised open-label trial The Lancet 2010 376 9747 1147 1154 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61389-X 20888992 77. … Oudard S Fizazi K Sengeløv L Cabazitaxel versus docetaxel as first-line therapy for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomized phase III trial - FIRSTANA J Clin Oncol 2017 35 28 1068 10.1200/JCO.2016.72.1068 28753384 80. …

Biopsy Techniques for Musculoskeletal Tumors: Basic Principles and Specialized Techniques.

Biopsy is a pivotal component in the diagnostic process of bone and soft tissue tumors. The objective is to obtain adequate tissue without compromising local tumor dissemination and the patient's survival. This review explores contemporary principles and practices in musculoskeletal biopsies, emphasizing the critical role of diagnostic accuracy while also delving into the evolving landscape of liquid biopsies as a promising alternative in the field. A thorough literature search was done in PubMed and Google Scholar as well as in physical books in libraries to summarize the available biopsy tec

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… In castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with docetaxel, CTC count in blood is a reliable indication of therapy sensitivity and survival [ 96 ]. … Circulating Tumor Cells as a Biomarker Predictive of Sensitivity to Docetaxel Chemotherapy in Patients with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Anticancer Res. 2014;34:6705–6710. 97. Liu W., Zhao X., Zhang Y.-J., Fang G.-W., Xue Y. …

Recent Advances in the Development and Utilization of Nanoparticles for the Management of Malignant Solid Tumors.

The purpose of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems or novel drug delivery systems is to improve the effectiveness of therapy, and their promising properties have led to their increasing significance in the management of cancer. The researchers have primarily focused on designing novel nanocarriers, like nanoparticles (NPs), that can effectively deliver drugs to target cells and respond specifically to conditions particular to cancer. Whether passive or active targeting, these nanocarriers can deliver therapeutic cargoes to the tumor site to release the drug from the drug delivery system

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… Docetaxel (DTX) is a highly successful therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, which may enhance the quality of life and increase survival. However, long-term usage is limited by cumulative toxicity and the development of drug resistance. … PSMA-targeted combination brusatol and docetaxel nanotherapeutics for the treatment of prostate cancer. Adekiya TA, Hudson T, Bakare O, Ameyaw EE, Adebayo A, Olajubutu O, Adesina SK. Biomed Pharmacother. 2024;177:117125. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117125. 112. …

Update on current diagnosis and management of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.

Well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma has a favorable prognosis with a 5-year survival rate of over 95%. However, the undifferentiated or anaplastic type accounting for < 0.2%, usually in elderly individuals, exhibits a dismal prognosis with rapid growth and disappointing outcomes. It is the most aggressive form of thyroid carcinoma, with a median survival of 5 mo and poor quality of life (airway obstruction, dysphagia, hoarseness, persistent pain). Early diagnosis and staging are crucial. Diagnostic tools include biopsy (fine needle aspiration, core needle, open surgery), high-resolution ultr

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… Chemotherapy Taxanes (paclitaxel, docetaxel, and cabazitaxel) can be effectively used to treat various forms of cancer by replicating inhibition. Doxorubicin (adriamycin) is an anthracyclin that inhibits cancer cell growth by topoisomerase II activation in the process of DNA repair. … The ATA guidelines recommend adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy by combination of: (1) Paclitaxel with carboplatin; (2) Doxorubicin with cisplatin; (3) Doxorubicin with docetaxel; or (4) Paclitaxel alone or doxorubicin alone[ 6 ]. …