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Quantitative Analysis of Vocal Fold Vibration in Vocal Fold Paralysis With the Use of High-speed Digital Imaging.

INTRODUCTION: The goal of this work was to objectively elucidate the vibratory characteristics of vocal fold paralysis (VFP) using high-speed digital imaging (HSDI). METHODS: HSDI was performed in 29 vocally healthy subjects (12 women and 17 men) and in 107 patients with VFP (40 women and 67 men). Then, the HSDI data were evaluated by visual-perceptual rating, single-line kymography, multiline kymography, laryngotopography, and glottal area waveform analysis. RESULTS: Patients with VFP compared with vocally healthy subjects revealed more frequent incomplete glottal closure, greater asymmetry

A profile of the features and speech in patients with mandibulofacial dysostosis.

PURPOSE: To present a profile of the features and speech in patients with mandibulofacial dysostosis (MFD). Data were collected on occlusion, palatal condition, hearing, resonance, voice, and articulation. PATIENTS: Thirty patients with MFD ranging in age from 1.6 to 21.0 years. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective and prospective cross-sectional designs. SETTING: Pediatric tertiary care hospital. RESULTS: Sixty percent of the patients had an open bite. Isolated cleft palate was found in 37% with other types of cleft conditions occurring less frequently. Twenty-three percent underwent tracheostomy.

Safety and Efficacy of Staged, Bilateral Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy in Essential Tremor: An Open-Label Clinical Trial.

IMPORTANCE: Unilateral magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound ablation of ventralis intermedius nucleus of the thalamus for essential … t 12 months), and taste disturbance (n = 7 total; n = 3 at 12 months). Speech difficulty, including phonation, articulation, and dysphagia, were generally mild (rated as not clinically significant, no participants with worsening in all 3 measures) and transient. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Staged, bilateral focused ultrasound thalamotomy significantly reduc …

Near-total laryngectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the oncological and physiological safety of near-total laryngectomy (NTL), its versatility for use following exten … se to normal voice. Even the frequency variations were significantly better. This suggests that the phonation with biological shunt is better than that with the prosthetic shunt. Thus an endeavor should be made to assess every case of advanced malignancy of larynx and pyriform fossa for feasibility of near-total laryngectomy.

Deep learning in automatic detection of dysphonia: Comparing acoustic features and developing a generalizable framework.

BACKGROUND: Auditory-perceptual assessment of voice is a subjective procedure. Artificial intelligence with deep learning (DL) may improve the consistency and accessibility of this task. It is unclear how a DL model performs on different acoustic features. AIMS: To develop a generalizable DL framework for identifying dysphonia using a multidimensional acoustic feature. METHODS & PROCEDURES: Recordings of sustained phonations of /a/ and /i/ were retrospectively collected from a clinical database. Subjects contained 238 dysphonic and 223 vocally healthy speakers of Chinese Mandarin. All audio …

[The impact of cleft lip and palate on the parent-child relationships].

Cleft lips and palates (CLPs) are the most common human facial malformations. Depending on the ethnic and/or geographical origin of the studied populations, they can affect up to 1/500 newborns. The treatment of these patients is multidisciplinary because these malformations have not only aesthetic consequences but also functional consequences as the phonation, hearing, deglutition, mastication and ventilation are altered. These consequences can also be psychological since the building of the body image, the way others perceive it, is likely to be seriously altered. In Europe there are over 21…

Mechanisms of homology-facilitated illegitimate recombination for foreign DNA acquisition in transformable Pseudomonas stutzeri.

Sound for the human voice is produced via flow-induced vocal fold vibration. The vocal folds consist of several layers of tissue, each with … models have exhibited disadvantages such as higher onset pressures than what are typical for human phonation (onset pressure is the minimum lung pressure required to initiate vibration), unnaturally large inferior-superior motion, and lack of a "mucosal wave" (a vertically-traveling wave that is characteristic of healthy human vocal fold vibration). In thi …

Pilot Study Employing a Machine Learning Approach as a Potential Method for Predicting Parkinson's Disease Using Voice as a Digital Biomarker and the SHAP Approach for Feature Engineering.

Introduction: Voice-based digital biomarkers have emerged as a promising approach for distinguishing individuals with neurodegenerative diso … y controls were collected using the dedicated Talia smartphone and web application. Sustained vowel phonation (/a/) was analyzed as the primary speech task. Following data acquisition, feature extraction was performed as a crucial step in the speech analysis pipeline, as the quality and relevance of the extracted features directly influence the ability of m …

[Comparative study on simultaneous bilateral and unilateral posterior vocal cord resection using CO2 laser for bilateral vocal cord paralysis].

Objective: To compare and analyze the efficacy of bilateral and unilateral posterior vocal cord resection with CO2 laser under endoscopy in … s and objective voice analysis parameters [jitter, shimmer, harmonic-noise ratio (HNR), and maximum phonation time (MPT)], were significantly better in the unilateral cordotomy group compared to the bilateral cordotomy group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusions: Unilateral posterior vocal cord resection using CO2 laser is simple …

Computational fluid dynamics in the assessment of patients' postoperative status after glottis-widening surgery.

BACKGROUND: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), a rapidly developing instrument with a number of practical applications, allows calculation and visualization of the changing parameters of airflow in the upper respiratory tract. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the advantages of CFD as an instrument for noninvasive tests of the larynx in patients who had undergone surgical treatment due to bilateral vocal fold paralysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Surface measurements of the glottic space were made during maximum adduction of the vocal folds. Additionally, the following spirome

A Measure of the Auditory-perceptual Quality of Strain from Electroglottographic Analysis of Continuous Dysphonic Speech: Application to Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia.

OBJECTIVES: (1) To develop an automated algorithm to analyze electroglottographic (EGG) signal in continuous dysphonic speech, and (2) to identify EGG waveform parameters that correlate with the auditory-perceptual quality of strain in the speech of patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADSD). STUDY DESIGN: Software development with application in a prospective controlled study. METHODS: EGG was recorded from 12 normal speakers and 12 subjects with ADSD reading excerpts from the Rainbow Passage. Data were processed by a new algorithm developed with the specific goal of analyzing contin

Vocal Parameters and Self-Perception in Individuals With Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia.

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to compare and correlate perceptual-auditory analysis of vocal parameters and self-perception in individuals with adductor spasmodic dysphonia before and after the application of botulinum toxin. STUDY DESIGN: This is a prospective cohort study. METHODS: Sixteen individuals with a diagnosis of adductor spasmodic dysphonia were submitted to the application of botulinum toxin in the thyroarytenoid muscle, to the recording of a voice signal, and to the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) questionnaire before the application and at two time points after application. Two judges

[Clinical observation of free rectus femoris flap for repair of surgical defect in pharyngo-laryngeal malignant tumor].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of repairing surgical defect in pharyngo-laryngeal malignant tumor with free rectus … a, which healed by dressing change. Twenty-two cases achieved satisfactory results in swallowing or phonation. Two patients with total laryngectomy and voice reconstruction underwent reoperation to seal the voice tube because of postoperative aspiration. During the follow-up, 1 case had tracheal stomal recurrence, 2 cases had bone metastasis, and 1 case had …

Multidimensional Measurements of Dysarthria in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1.

BACKGROUND: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a heterogeneous neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and myoto … S AND RESULTS: Acoustic analysis showed a deviant speech rate (SR), articulation rate (AR), maximum phonation volume (MPV), and fundamental frequency range compared to normative values. Perceptually, the dysarthria severity scores varied between 1 (minimal dysarthria) and 4 (severe dysarthria). In more severe dysarthria, SR, AR, and MPV decreased. Patients …

Type I gore-tex laryngoplasty for glottic incompetence in mobile vocal folds.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of gore-tex medialization thyroplasty for the management of glottic incompetence (GI) in patients with mobile vocal folds. METHODS: Twenty patients with glottic incompetence (GI) and mobile vocal folds were retrospectively analyzed after gore-tex medialization laryngoplasty. Pre- and postoperative outcome measures including grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, strain of the voice (GRBAS), glottal function index (GFI), and voice-related quality of life (VRQOL) were compared to detect surgical effectiveness. Two anesthetic subgroups were identified

Регулирующие расстройства и качество жизни у пациентов с травматологической и трахеотической каннулой: обзор.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Операция по Трахеостомии (TCT) и последующее включение трахеиальной каннулы (TC) сопряжены с рядом физических, коммуникативных и психологических изменений для пациента. В этих клинических ситуациях часто наблюдаются такие расстройства настроения и расстройства, как болезненное беспокойство, депрессия и стресс, что сказывается на качестве жизни (QoL) и процессе реабилитации. Цель этого обзора состоит в изучении исследований, содержащихся в литературе по расстройствам регулирования (АЖД) у пациентов с ТХТ или ТЦ, и того, как это влияет на их QOL в ходе процесса реабилитации. МЕТОДЫ: Ис

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… Sanderson et al. (2016) Australian studies show SLP intervention improves QoL and time to phonation (Freeman‐Sanderson et al. 2016 ). … CG: 15 participants. | Time to phonation (ability to count from 1 to 10). Duration of TCT cannulation. Duration of MV. Length of stay in ICU. Length of stay in hospital. Time to oral intake. VASES; EQ‐5D. | The initial IG saw a markedly quicker resurgence to phonation than the CG. …

Transoral laser microsurgery elevates fundamental frequency in early glottic cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term voice characteristics and quality of life of early glottic cancer patients after definitive treatment. STUDY DESIGN: Case series with chart review in a tertiary care medical center in Taiwan. METHODS: Forty-two consecutive patients who received radiation therapy (RT) or transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) for early glottic cancer over 12 months were evaluated for voice laboratory data and quality-of-life measurements. RESULTS: Twenty-four patients received RT, and 18 underwent TLM. There was no difference between the two groups on acoustic and aerodynamic

[Preventing and treating anterior commissure adhesion with mucosal flap: a study in canines and clinical cases].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of mucosal flap combined with silicone keel for preventing and treating anterior commissure adhesio … glottic web. Three months after surgery, Jitter, Shimmer, noise to harmonic ratio(NHR), the maximum phonation time(MPT)in all patients were significantly different from preoperative(tintralaryngeal mucosal flap jitter=24.885, tintralaryngeal mucosal flap shimmer=22.643, tintralaryngeal mucosal flap NHR=6.202, tintralaryngeal mucosal flap MPT=-9.661, tfree m …

Quality of life in dysphagia and functional performance of cancer patients in palliative care.

PURPOSE: To correlate the functional performance and impact of dysphagia on the quality of life of cancer patients in palliative care. METHODS: This cross-sectional, quantitative study was conducted at the outpatient clinic and oncology ward of a university hospital. Inclusion criteria required patients to respond positively to the question: "Do you have difficulty or problems swallowing?". Patients were excluded if they had been diagnosed with head and neck cancer, were unable to answer questionnaires due to actively dying status, were in a state of drowsiness, experienced extreme pain and s

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… The role of allergy in phonation. J Voice. 2019;33(5):811.e19–27. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.02.016. 26. Mehdizadeh OB, Dhar SI, Evangelista L, Nativ-Zeltzer N, Bewley AF, Belafsky PC. …

Voice in Friedreich Ataxia.

BACKGROUND: Friedreich Ataxia (FRDA) is the most common hereditary ataxia, with dysarthria as one of its key clinical signs. OBJECTIVE: To describe the voice profile of individuals with FRDA to inform outcome marker development and goals of speech therapy. METHODS: Thirty-six individuals with FRDA and 30 age-matched controls provided sustained vowel and connected speech samples. Speech and voice samples were analyzed acoustically using the Analysis of Dysphonia in Speech and Voice program and perceptually using the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice form. Correlations between