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Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in pediatric neurosurgery: why, when, how?

INTRODUCTION: This review is primarily based on peer-reviewed scientific publications and on the authors' experience in the field of intraoperative neurophysiology. The purpose is a critical analysis of the role of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (INM) during various neurosurgical procedures, emphasizing the aspects that mainly concern the pediatric population. Original papers related to the field of intraoperative neurophysiology were collected using medline. INM consists in monitoring (continuous "on-line" assessment of the functional integrity of neural pathways) and mapping (f

Perioperative Sleep Disturbances: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study on Risk Factor Analysis and Predictive Model Development.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of perioperative sleep disturbances in children undergoing elective surgery, to identify associated risk factors, and to develop and validate a predictive nomogram for the early identification of high-risk patients. DESIGN: This was a prospective cross-sectional study. METHODS: Between June and December 2024, 361 children aged 3 to 12 years scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled using a two-stage mixed sampling method. Sleep was assessed using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (

Comparison of efficacy and safety of etomidate with other anesthesia induction drugs for patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

INTRODUCTION: Etomidate is commonly used to induce anesthesia in cardiac surgery patients due to its favorable cardiovascular profile. Sedative-hypnotic effects are mediated by gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor complexes in the central nervous system. There are numerous studies in which etomidate and other drugs are compared in terms of their clinical outcomes. The relative efficacy and safety of etomidate, however, remains inconclusive. In this study, we performed a systematic analysis of randomized controlled trials to assess the impact of etomidate, on patients undergoing cardiac surge

Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver masquerading as a cystadenoma in a young adult: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver is an infrequent hepatic malignancy, primarily observed in the pediatric population. This neoplasm is exceedingly rare among adults. Despite its scarcity in adult cases, it remains imperative to accurately discern undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver utilizing diverse imaging modalities to prevent misdiagnosis with more prevalent benign and malignant hepatic masses. In this case, a comprehensive imaging examination was conducted, encompassing ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission

[Nasal foreign body in infants].

AIMS: Provide a descriptive analysis of children admitted to a tertiary care pediatric emergency department (PED) for a nasal foreign body (NFB) and describe the current knowledge and management of such accidents. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted from January 2003 to May 2008, including all patients aged less than 15 years admitted for a NFB. The data collected were age, sex, geographic origin, time and day of admission, duration in PED, duration of NFB insertion, nostril location, symptoms and clinical signs, prehospital extraction attempts, facial x-ray, extraction

Closed Intramedullary Pinning of Displaced Radial Neck Fracture (Metaizeau Technique).

BACKGROUND: Radial neck fractures account for 1% of all pediatric fractures and 5% to 10% of pediatric elbow fractures. The mechanism of injury is typically a fall with the elbow in hyperextension and the forearm in supination. A valgus force compresses the radial head against the capitellum, causing a radial neck fracture. Displaced radial neck fractures are difficult to treat and account for a disproportionate number of bad outcomes, including malunion, nonunion, and osteonecrosis. The preferred treatment is closed reduction and fixation, as open reduction is associated with an inordinately

How Do Clinical Electives during the Clerkship Year Influence Career Exploration? A Qualitative Study.

Problem: Although many students begin medical school with some idea of their specialty interest, up to 80% of these students choose a different specialty by their final year. This pivot tends to happen in the clerkship year, when students are immersed in the clinical environment, gaining a practical understanding of the day-to-day work in different fields. Yet, in this year students have limited experiences with specialties. Clinical electives during the clerkship year may aid students in career development. The authors examined student career exploration through the lens of social cognitive c

Ultrasound-guided mid-point transverse process to pleura block versus thoracic paravertebral block in pediatric open-heart surgery: A randomized controlled non-inferiority study.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The mid-point transverse process to pleura block (MTPB) is a new variant of thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB). This study aimed to compare TPVB and MTPB with respect to intraoperative attenuation of the hemodynamic stress response to surgery and postoperative analgesia in pediatric open heart surgery with midline sternotomy. DESIGN: A single-center, randomized, controlled, double-blind, non-inferiority study. SETTING: Tertiary care children's university hospital. PATIENTS: We recruited 83 children aged 2-12 years of both sexes with American Society of Anesthesiologists (A

Are Complications Associated With the Repiphysis(®) Expandable Distal Femoral Prosthesis Acceptable for Its Continued Use?

BACKGROUND: Reconstruction of the distal femur after resection for malignant bone tumors in skeletally immature children is challenging. The use of megaprostheses has become increasingly popular in this patient group since the introduction of custom-made, expandable devices that do not require surgery for lengthening, such as the Repiphysis(®) Limb Salvage System. Early reports on the device were positive but more recently, a high complication rate and associated bone loss have been reported. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We asked: (1) what are the clinical outcomes using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Soci

Systematic review of pediatric postcricoid cushion and postcricoid lesions.

OBJECTIVES: It is thought that many infants have a prominent venous plexus of the postcricoid area. In the past this entity had occasionally been reported as a postcricoid hemangioma or even a postcricoid mass. The term postcricoid cushion is now gaining acceptance to describe the prominent venous plexus of the posterior cricoid area. Although it rarely causes symptoms, it should be considered when patients present with symptoms of obstruction. Differentiating between normal variant postcricoid prominent venous plexuses, hemangiomas, and vascular malformations can be difficult and cannot be co

Regional (spinal, epidural, caudal) versus general anaesthesia in preterm infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy in early infancy.

BACKGROUND: With improvements in neonatal intensive care, more preterm infants are surviving the neonatal period and presenting for surgery … altrials.gov, reference lists of published trials and abstracts published in Pediatric Research and Pediatric Anesthesia. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials of regional (spinal, epidural, caudal) versus general anaesthesia, or combined regional and general anaesthesia, in former preterm infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy in e …

Резюме МКАРЕ 2023 77th Национальный конгресс " СИААРТИ "

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… A24 Face mask in the presence of the parents may improve acceptance during inhalation induction induction in pediatric anesthesia C. Belpiede 1 , G. Pellico 1 , A. Sciusco 1 , M. Ciuffreda 2 , D. Galante 1 , C. Piangatelli 2 , J. … Sciusco Journal of Anesthesia, Analgesia and Critical Care 2023, 3(Suppl 1): A24 Introduction Face masks are commonly used during the induction phase of pediatric anesthesia. …

NIH consensus development conference draft statement on vaginal birth after cesarean: new insights.

OBJECTIVE: To provide health care providers, patients, and the general public with a responsible assessment of currently available data on vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC). PARTICIPANTS: A non-DHHS, nonadvocate 15-member panel representing the fields of obstetrics and gynecology, urogynecology, maternal and fetal medicine, pediatrics, midwifery, clinical pharmacology, medical ethics, internal medicine, family medicine, perinatal and reproductive psychiatry, anesthesiology, nursing, biostatistics, epidemiology, health care regulation, risk management, and a public representative, and a publ

[Conservative treatment of femoral fractures in children in data from the Orthopedic Clinic of the 2nd Medical Faculty of Charles University].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Conservative therapy is the method of choice for treating femoral fractures in younger children all over the world. At the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, this approach has had a long tradition and has only partly been replaced by other, more recent methods. It is not always necessary to abandon well-established and reliable techniques because of new achievements and this is demonstrated by the results of our study. MATERIAL: In a period of 22 years, 112 boys and 97 girls were treated by Bryant's traction

Материалы ежегодной конференции Канадского общества респираторных терапевтов, май 8-10, 2025.

Мы рады представить ряд выдержек из работы ежегодной Конференции по ТРСК. состоявшемся в Оттаве, Онтарио, в мае 8 в адрес 10, 2025, эта конференция включала в себя темы, подготовленные отдельными лицами, имеющими опыт работы в различных областях практики дыхательной терапии. Как видно из следующих резюме, работа наших коллег 2025 :: акцентировали внимание на текущих исследовательских и практических нововведениях, осуществляемых РТ. Мы приложили все усилия для того, чтобы включить все выдержки, принятые Комитетом по программе до предельного срока публикации; вместе с тем просьба иметь в виду, ч

Abstracts of the ICARE 2024 78th SIAARTI National Congress

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Indian Society of Periodontology Good Clinical Practice Recommendations for dental pain management and use of analgesics.

Pain is one of the most frequent reasons for seeking dental care and significantly influences patient comfort, treatment acceptance, and clinical outcomes. Effective management of dental pain requires accurate diagnosis, timely intervention, and the rational use of analgesics supported by evidence-based clinical decision-making. Recognizing the need for structured guidance for everyday dental practice, the Indian Society of Periodontology has developed Good Clinical Practice Recommendations on Pain Management and the Use of Analgesics in Dental Clinics. These recommendations were formulated by

The leptomeninges as a critical organ for normal CNS development and function: First patient and public involved systematic review of arachnoiditis (chronic meningitis).

BACKGROUND & IMPORTANCE: This patient and public-involved systematic review originally focused on arachnoiditis, a supposedly rare "iatrogenic chronic meningitis" causing permanent neurologic damage and intractable pain. We sought to prove disease existence, causation, symptoms, and inform future directions. After 63 terms for the same pathology were found, the study was renamed Diseases of the Leptomeninges (DLMs). We present results that nullify traditional clinical thinking about DLMs, answer study questions, and create a unified path forward. METHODS: The prospective PRISMA protocol is pu

Treatment of Fusarium Infection of the Central Nervous System: A Review of Past Cases to Guide Therapy for the Ongoing 2023 Outbreak in the United States and Mexico.

INTRODUCTION: Fusariosis of the central nervous system (CNS) is extremely uncommon. Treatment and outcome data from previously published cases may provide some guidance in light of the ongoing fungal meningitis outbreak in 2023 involving Fusarium spp. in the United States and Mexico. METHODS: We reviewed the published literature describing cases of invasive fusariosis of the (CNS) that included data on patient demographic characteristics, treatment, and outcome. RESULTS: Twenty-six cases met inclusion criteria. The mean age was 36 years, 55% involved females, 60% had underlying hematologic m

Clinical Innovation Poster Abstracts

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… Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; d Pediatric Anesthesia, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; e Pediatric Pain Management, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; f Anesthesia & Psychology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia …