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Sexual dimorphism in cancer: molecular mechanisms and precision oncology perspectives.

Sex differences play a crucial role in determining tumor incidence, treatment sensitivity, and prognosis among men and women. However, current clinical cancer treatment strategies fail to account for these differences. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms of tumor disparities between sexes remain elusive. Sex differences in sex chromosomes, hormone levels, metabolism, and immunity synergistically contribute to tumor-related disparities. As the demand for precision medicine escalates, there is an urgent need to conduct further exploration and research to address the tumor differences between

Short-chain acyl post-translational modifications in cancers: Mechanisms, roles, and therapeutic implications.

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) play a pivotal role in epigenetic regulation and are key pathways for modulating protein functionality. PTMs involve the covalent attachment of distinct chemical groups, such as succinyl, crotonyl, and lactyl, at specific protein sites, which alter protein structure, function, stability, and activity, ultimately influencing biological processes. Recently, metabolically derived short-chain acylation modifications (with acyl groups containing fewer than six carbon atoms) have been progressively identified, such as butyrylation, succinylation, crotonylation

Metabolic reprogramming in cancer and senescence.

The rising trend in global cancer incidence has caused widespread concern, one of the main reasons being the aging of the global population. Statistical data show that cancer incidence and mortality rates show a clear upward trend with age. Although there is a commonality between dysregulated nutrient sensing, which is one of the main features of aging, and metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells, the specific regulatory relationship is not clear. This manuscript intends to comprehensively analyze the relationship between senescence and tumor metabolic reprogramming; as well as reveal the impac

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… For example, resveratrol (RES), curcumin (CUR), 267 and so on. Some studies have reported that RES and CUR can activate the expression of AMPK and SIRT1, 268 which are important antiaging signaling pathways that also play a role in inhibiting tumor development. …

Immunotherapies for Aging and Age-Related Diseases: Advances, Pitfalls, and Prospects.

Aging is characterized by a gradual decline in the functionality of all the organs and tissues, leading to various diseases. As the global population ages, the urgency to develop effective anti-aging strategies becomes increasingly critical due to the growing severity of associated health problems. Immunotherapy offers novel and promising approaches to combat aging by utilizing approaches including vaccines, antibodies, and cytokines to target specific aging-related molecules and pathways. In this review, we summarize the recent advancements of immunotherapies to eliminate senescence cells and

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… Beyond corticosteroid, resveratrol, a plant-derived anti-inflammatory agent, has proven effective in relieving COPD symptoms [ 149 ]. … In animal models, resveratrol down-regulated the production of IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, TNF-α, etc., and mitigated oxidative and fibrotic processes, revealing its anti-aging properties [ 152 , 153 ]. Blocking the type 2 inflammatory pathway is also a promising strategy. …

Effects of Physical Cues on Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles toward Neuropathy Applications.

The peripheral nervous system undergoes sufficient stress when affected by diabetic conditions, chemotherapeutic drugs, and personal injury. Consequently, peripheral neuropathy arises as the most common complication, leading to debilitating symptoms that significantly alter the quality and way of life. The resulting chronic pain requires a treatment approach that does not simply mask the accompanying symptoms but provides the necessary external environment and neurotrophic factors that will effectively facilitate nerve regeneration. Under normal conditions, the peripheral nervous system self-r

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… For example, Li et al. successfully alleviated NP induced by chemotherapeutic agents through the supplementation of resveratrol via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway [ 263 ]. …

Изучение механизма Shengmai San для лечения аденокарциномы легких на основе биоинформатики и моделирования молекулярной динамики.

Изучение механизма Shengmai San (SMS) в лечении аденокарциномы легких (LUAD) на основе комплексной стратегии, сочетающей «сетевую фармакологию, биоинформатику, стыковку молекулярной стыковки и моделирование молекулярной динамики», в целях разработки точной стратегии комбинированной терапии и выявления потенциальных биоактивных соединений. Дифференцированные гены в LUAD были выявлены в базе данных Gene Express Omnibus с использованием R (первоначально разработанные в Bell Laboratories и в настоящее время управляемые Lucent Technologies). Из энциклопедии традиционной китайской медицины были извл

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… Molecular modelling of resveratrol derivatives with SIRT1 for the stimulation of deacetylase activity. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des. 2024;20:943–54. [48] Abuagla HA, Adam KM, Elangeeb ME, et al. …

Targeting CD44 and other pleiotropic co-receptors as a means for broad inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis.

Although progress has been made in the treatment of cancer, particularly for the four major types of cancers affecting the lungs, colon, breast and prostate, resistance to cancer treatment often emerges upon inhibition of major signaling pathways, which leads to the activation of additional pathways as a last-resort survival mechanism by the cancer cells. This signaling plasticity provides cancer cells with a level of operational freedom, reducing treatment efficacy. Plasticity is a characteristic of cancer cells that are not only able to switch signaling pathways but also from one cellular st

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… Ji Q, Liu X, Fu X, Zhang L, Sui H, Zhou L, Sun J, Cai J, Qin J, Ren J, Li Q (2013) Resveratrol inhibits invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells via MALAT1 mediated Wnt/beta-catenin signal pathway. PLoS ONE 8:e78700 63. …

Chemotherapy-Induced Tissue Injury: An Insight into the Role of Extracellular Vesicles-Mediated Oxidative Stress Responses.

The short- and long-term side effects of chemotherapy limit the maximum therapeutic dose and impair quality of life of survivors. Injury to normal tissues, especially chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy, is an unintended outcome that presents devastating health impacts. Approximately half of the drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration for cancer treatment are associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species, and Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of them. Dox undergoes redox cycling by involving its quinone structure in the production of superoxide free radicals, which are thought to

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… Resveratrol attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte death via inhibition of p70 s6 kinase 1-mediated autophagy J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2012 341 183 195 10.1124/jpet.111.189589 22209892 PMC3310694 29. Hill B.G. Haberzettl P. Ahmed Y. Srivastava S. Bhatnagar A. …

Нанозимы: инновационная терапия в борьбе с нейродегенеративными заболеваниями.

Нейродегенеративные заболевания, включая болезнь Альцгеймера (AD), болезнь Паркинсона (PD), множественный склероз (MS), амиотропический боковой склероз (ALS) и болезнь Хантингтона (HD), представляют собой серьезную проблему для здоровья населения мира из-за их прогрессивного характера и отсутствия лечения. Эти расстройства характеризуются окислительным стрессом, завязыванием белка и нейроинфламмацией, которые в совокупности приводят к нервным повреждениям и смерти. Последние достижения в нанотехнологии позволили внедрить нанозменные наноматериалы, которые имитируют деятельность, похожую на фер

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… Bai et al. loaded into the brain, in AD, a composite nanozyme formed by resveratrol and platinum particles, using the brain targeting effect of biogenic extracellular vesicles and rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) peptides. …

Effects of Obesity and Calorie Restriction on Cancer Development.

The risk of malignant tumor development is increasing in the world. Obesity is an established risk factor for various malignancies. There are many metabolic alterations associated with obesity which promote cancerogenesis. Excessive body weight leads to increased levels of estrogens, chronic inflammation and hypoxia, which can play an important role in the development of malignancies. It is proved that calorie restriction can improve the state of patients with various diseases. Decreased calorie uptake influences lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism, hormone levels and cell processes. Ma

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… Comparison of Resveratrol Supplementation and Energy Restriction Effects on Sympathetic Nervous System Activity and Vascular Reactivity: A Randomized Clinical Trial Molecules 2021 26 3168 10.3390/molecules26113168 34073163 PMC8199010 100. Heiston E.M. Gilbertson N.M. Eichner N.Z.M. Malin S.K. …

New Generation of Meso and Antiprogestins (SPRMs) into the Osteoporosis Approach.

Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) and its ligand (RANKL) play key roles in bone metabolism and the immune system. The RANK/RANKL complex has also been shown to be critical in the formation of mammary epithelia cells. The female hormones estradiol and progesterone closely control the action of RANKL with RANK. Blood concentration of these sex hormones in the postmenopausal period leads to an increase in RANK/RANKL signaling and are a major cause of women's osteoporosis, characterized by altered bone mineralization. Knowledge of the biochemical relationships between hormones and RAN

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… Protective effects of resveratrol on postmenopausal osteoporosis: Regulation of SIRT1-NF-κB signaling pathway. Acta Biochim. et Biophys. Sin. 2014;46:1024–1033. doi: 10.1093/abbs/gmu103. 58. …

Bortezomib-induced aerobic glycolysis contributes to chemotherapy-induced painful peripheral neuropathy.

Chemotherapy-induced painful peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is the most common toxicity associated with widely used chemotherapeutics. CIPN is the major cause of dose reduction or discontinuation of otherwise life-saving treatment. Unfortunately, CIPN can persist in cancer survivors, which adversely affects their quality of life. Moreover, available treatments are vastly inadequate, warranting a better understanding of the biochemical and metabolic mechanisms that occur in response to chemotherapeutics which would be critical for the development of novel therapies for CIPN. Using extracellular f

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… Tillu DV, Melemedjian OK, Asiedu MN, Qu N, De Felice M, Dussor G, Price TJ, Resveratrol engages AMPK to attenuate ERK and mTOR signaling in sensory neurons and inhibits incision-induced acute and chronic pain. Mol Pain 2012; 8: 5. 57. …

Updates in Anthracycline-Mediated Cardiotoxicity.

Cardiotoxicity is one of the main adverse effects of chemotheraphy, affecting the completion of cancer therapies and the short- and long-term quality of life. Anthracyclines are currently used to treat many cancers, including the various forms of leukemia, lymphoma, melanoma, uterine, breast, and gastric cancers. World Health Organization registered anthracyclines in the list of essential medicines. However, anthracyclines display a major cardiotoxicity that can ultimately culminate in congestive heart failure. Taking into account the growing rate of cancer survivorship, the clinical significa

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… Resveratrol attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte death via inhibition of p70 S6 kinase 1-mediated autophagy. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 341 183 – 195 . 10.1124/jpet.111.189589 22209892 PMC3310694 Xu X. Persson H. L. Richardson D. R. ( 2005 ). …

Piperine: From Green Extraction to Clinical Translation-A Review.

BACKGROUND: Piperine has diverse pharmacological and bioenhancing activities, but poor aqueous solubility, variable exposure, interaction liability, and discontinuity across production, formulation, and clinical evaluation limit translation. This review integrates these frequently separated stages. METHODS: A structured narrative PubMed search covered English-language studies published from 1 January 2021 to 27 April 2026, supplemented by ClinicalTrials.gov records checked through 13 June 2026, backward citation searching, and selected earlier seminal studies. Evidence was synthesized by expe

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… Compounds E–G represent carboximidamide analogues with variation in terminal aryl substitution; H–J, piperine–resveratrol hybrids; K–N, linear bisamide analogues bearing alternative terminal substituents; O–P, CF 3 /piperazine-containing anilide analogues differing in conjugated-linker length; Q–S, C … Compounds E–G represent carboximidamide analogues with variation in terminal aryl substitution; H–J, piperine–resveratrol hybrids; K–N, linear bisamide analogues bearing alternative terminal substituents; O–P, CF 3 /piperazine-containing anilide analogues differing in conjugated-linker length; Q–S, C …

Açai Berry Attenuates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Damage in Genitourinary Axis-Modulating Nrf-2/HO-1 Pathways.

Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is used to treat different malignancies and autoimmune disorders in men. This chemotherapy frequently reduces tumors, which is beneficial, but also causes infertility because of severe oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the bladder and testes brought on by its metabolite, acrolein. The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of a novel food, açai berry, in preventing CYP-induced damage in the bladder and testes.MethodsCYP was administered intraperitoneally once during the experiment at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight diluted in 10 mL/kg b.w. of water.

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… Resveratrol attenuates testicular apoptosis in type 1 diabetic mice: Role of Akt-mediated Nrf2 activation and p62-dependent Keap1 degradation. Redox Biol. 2018;14:609–617. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.11.007. 37. Ramírez-Tortose M.D.C., Pulido-Morán M., Granados S., Gaforio J.J., Quiles J.L. …

Predicting and Quantifying Antagonistic Effects of Natural Compounds Given with Chemotherapeutic Agents: Applications for High-Throughput Screening.

Natural products have been used for centuries to treat various human ailments. In recent decades, multi-drug combinations that utilize natural products to synergistically enhance the therapeutic effects of cancer drugs have been identified and have shown success in improving treatment outcomes. While drug synergy research is a burgeoning field, there are disagreements on the definitions and mathematical parameters that prevent the standardization and proper usage of the terms synergy, antagonism, and additivity. This contributes to the relatively small amount of data on the antagonistic effect

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… Many of them, including curcumin from turmeric, resveratrol from red wine, isothiocyanates from cruciferous vegetables, and quercetin and ursolic acid from apples have been shown to have profound anti-tumor activity [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. …

Aging modulation of the immune system and immunotherapy efficacy in cancer.

Immunosenescence is characterized by immune decline and chronic inflammation. With advancing age, the incidence of tumors increases significantly. Understanding how immunosenescence influences the initiation and progression of tumors, as well as its implications for tumor immunotherapy, has become a matter of urgent importance. This review begins with an analysis of the phenotypic changes and underlying mechanisms associated with immune system and immune cell aging, and further explores the interplay between immunosenescence and tumorigenesis. Evidence indicates that cytokines, cell interactio

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… . | ( 178 – 180 ) Resveratrol | Colorectal Cancer, Lung Cancer | Inhibits MAPK pathway; reduces IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α secretion. | Inhibits SASP-associated protumorigenic effects in MRC5 fibroblasts. | Preclinical studies. | ( 181 ) Echinacea Extract | NSCLC* | Inhibits MAPK pathway; reduces IL-6, IL …

Nanotechnology in Prostate Cancer: PSMA-Targeted Nanoplatforms, TME-Responsive Therapy, Immunomodulation, and Clinical Translation Challenges.

The field of nanotechnology has demonstrated considerable potential in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, particularly through the use of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted platforms and tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive systems. In the context of diagnosis, nanoparticle-based molecular imaging probes have been shown to enhance detection sensitivity and specificity. These probes include superparamagnetic iron oxide, which is utilized in magnetic resonance imaging, and near-infrared fluorescent nanomicelles. Additionally, nanostructured liquid biopsy systems h

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… These nanocarriers can attack tumor cells through different mechanisms and reduce the risk of resistance to a single drug. 80 , 125 , 126 For instance, liposomes co-delivering docetaxel and resveratrol have been shown to enhance antitumor effects by promoting apoptosis. 127 Several studies have investigated …

Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway: proteins' roles in osteoporosis and cancer diseases and the regulatory effects of natural compounds on osteoporosis.

Osteoblasts are mainly derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow. These stem cells can differentiate into osteoblasts, which have the functions of secreting bone matrix, promoting bone formation, and participating in bone remodeling. The abnormality of osteoblasts can cause a variety of bone-related diseases, including osteoporosis, delayed fracture healing, and skeletal deformities. In recent years, with the side effects caused by the application of PTH drugs, biphosphonate drugs, and calmodulin drugs, people have carried out more in-depth research on the mechanism of osteoblast

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… Biochem Pharmacol. 2014;90(4):397–405. 24955980 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.06.011 Ashrafizadeh M Ahmadi Z Farkhondeh T Samarghandian S Resveratrol targeting the Wnt signaling pathway: A focus on therapeutic activities J Cell Physiol 2020 235 5 4135 4145 10.1002/jcp.29327 31637721 Ashrafizadeh M, Ahmadi Z, Farkhondeh … Resveratrol targeting the Wnt signaling pathway: A focus on therapeutic activities. …

Role of Telomeres and Telomeric Proteins in Human Malignancies and Their Therapeutic Potential.

Telomeres are the ends of linear chromosomes comprised of repetitive nucleotide sequences in humans. Telomeres preserve chromosomal stability and genomic integrity. Telomere length shortens with every cell division in somatic cells, eventually resulting in replicative senescence once telomere length becomes critically short. Telomere shortening can be overcome by telomerase enzyme activity that is undetectable in somatic cells, while being active in germline cells, stem cells, and immune cells. Telomeres are bound by a shelterin complex that regulates telomere lengthening as well as protects t

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… . | Suppress cellular growth and induce cell death High doses were associated with cytotoxicity | [ 197 , 198 , 199 ] Nutraceuticals | MST-312, EGCG, curcumin, quercetin, tannic acid, rhodacyanine, genistein, resveratrol, gambogic acid boldine, gambogenic acid oleanane, berberine, pristimerin | Suppress … These include polyphenols (e.g., curcumin, quercetin, tannic acid, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and resveratrol), alkaloids (e.g., boldine, berberine), triterpenoids (e.g., pristimerin, oleanane), xanthones (e.g., gambogic acid and gambogenic acid) [ 200 ]. …