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Stiripentol for the treatment of seizures associated with Dravet syndrome.

Stiripentol is an orphan drug approved for the treatment of seizures associated with Dravet syndrome (since 2007 in Europe). Therapeutic opt … pecially useful in two critical conditions of the disease, very young age (<2 years) and convulsive status epilepticus.

Hydrogen Sulfide Promotes Learning and Memory and Suppresses Proinflammatory Cytokines in Repetitive Febrile Seizures.

OBJECTIVE: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as a novel gasotransmitter, plays important roles in a number of physiological and pathological processes. Its effectiveness has been demonstrated in different types of brain disorders but not in repetitive febrile seizure (febrile status epilepticus; FSE) models. This study aims to test whether a donor of H2S sodium sulfhydrate (NaHS) is also effective for FSE in rats. METHODS: FSE was induced in rat pups on postnatal day 10 in water at 45.0 ± 0.1°C for 10 consecutive days with or without preadministration of NaHS. Following evaluation of the latency and du…

[Therapeutic drug monitoring of primidone and phenobarbital].

Primidone is a minor first-generation antiepileptic drug, little currently prescribed for this indication, but except marketing authorizatio … her more recent compounds. It remains prescribed in neonatology and is one of the compounds used in status epilepticus. It is a molecule with a long half-life, metabolized in p-hydroxy-phenobarbital. It is a potent inducer of CYP3A4. Several side effects, especially drowsiness, are concentration-dependent. Generally accepted therapeutic range for phenobarbital is be …

[Suicide attempt with antidepressants ordered from the Internet].

BACKGROUND: Since its launch, the Internet has developed into a mass medium with 1.6 billion people using it worldwide. Due to anonymity, its wide reach and the infinite stream of information from the Internet, almost anything can be found on it. This includes medicines that can normally only be acquired by way of a doctor's prescription. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 27-year-old man made a suicide attempt using psychoactive drugs he got from an illegal website in India. This caused him to develop status epilepticus, rhabdomyolysis, renal insufficiency and pulmonary oedema for which he had to be admitt…

[A case of acute encephalitis with refractory, repetitive partial seizures requiring a high concentration of isoflurane to suppress the seizures and showing abnormal findings in the bilateral thalamus on MRI during the convalescent period].

We report a patient with acute encephalitis with refractory, repetitive partial seizures requiring a high concentration of isoflurane to sup … sions reappeared during withdrawal of isoflurane. Finally isoflurane was withdrawn without inducing status epilepticus by administration of intravenous and oral anticonvulsants during the withdrawal process. Neurological sequelae were very severe and there are no anticonvulsants that have effectively suppressed the convulsions to date. MRI during the convalescent pe …

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition as a potential antiepileptogenic therapy: From tuberous sclerosis to common acquired epilepsies.

Most current treatments for epilepsy are symptomatic therapies that suppress seizures but do not affect the underlying course or prognosis o … including focal cortical dysplasia and acquired brain injuries, such as in animal models following status epilepticus or traumatic brain injury. Therefore, mTOR inhibition may represent a potential antiepileptogenic therapy for diverse types of epilepsy, including both genetic and acquired epilepsies.

Raised intracranial pressure in acute viral encephalitis.

There is paucity of data evaluating intracranial pressure (ICP) rise and its management in acute viral encephalitis (AVE). Noteworthy is the … of raised ICP in adults, becoming especially important in Herpes encephalitis and encephalitis with status epilepticus. In children it substantially influences clinical management and continuous monitoring of mean blood pressure (MBP) and ICP can aid in early diagnosis and treatment when cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) falls below critical levels. Current evidence …

[Newer treatment of epilepsy--brain pacemakers and transcranial magnetic stimulation].

The antiepileptic medication and surgical treatment had brought many patients with epilepsy to be seizure free, however, one third of the pa … icacy of the transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment and prevention of the seizures and status epilepticus.

Anticonvulsant effects of the wasp Polybia ignobilis venom on chemically induced seizures and action on GABA and glutamate receptors.

Venoms of spiders and wasps are well recognized to present high affinity to the central nervous tissue of many mammalian species. Here we describe the effects of direct exposure of rat (Rattus norvegicus) brains to the crude and denatured venom of the Brazilian social wasp Polybia ignobilis. Lower doses of crude venom injected via intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) inhibited the exploratory activity of animals, while higher doses provoked severe generalized tonic-clonic seizures, with hind limb extension. The status epilepticus lasted for few minutes leading the animals to respiratory depression…

Anxiolytic and anticonvulsive activity of Sesbania grandiflora leaves in experimental animals.

Various parts of Sesbania grandiflora have been used in the Indian system of medicine, in particular, the leaves of S. grandiflora are used … the BE also inhibited electrically induced kindled seizures in mice and lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in rats. It prolonged the duration of sleep induced by pentobarbital and antagonized the effect of D-amphetamine. Mice treated with BE preferred to remain in the open arm of the elevated plus maze indicating anxiolytic activity. The BE raised the br …

[Familial cerebral cavernomatosis associated with cutaneous angiomas].

UNLABELLED: OBJECTIVE, PATIENTS AND METHOD: We present a genealogical study of a person with familial cerebral cavernomatosis (CCF) discovered following study of a man who presented with status epilepticus at the age of 35 years. This had also affected another three members of the family consisting of a total of 43 persons, studied over six generations. RESULTS: In the family members studied we did not find cavernomas at other sites but there were dermatological lesions whose relation to cerebral cavernomas (CC) is discussed. CCs are the second commonest type of cerebral vascular malformation…

Electroencephalographic findings in functional psychoses: state or trait indicators?

The clinical significance of electroencephalographic (EEG) changes in patients with functional psychoses is not yet clearly defined, particu … pilepsy were described as a trait indicator, and the psychotic states in non-convulsive generalized status epilepticus and acute confusional states were suggested to be state indicators. Further studies of EEG abnormalities in schizophrenia are necessary from multi-dimensional perspectives, including in comparison with the symptomatic psychoses.

The sudden unexplained death syndrome in epilepsy: demographic, clinical, and postmortem features.

Sudden unexplained death syndrome (SUDS) accounts for about 10% of deaths in patients with epilepsy. It is associated with subtherapeutic postmortem serum antiepileptic drug (AED) levels but no anatomic cause of death on autopsy. The mechanisms of death are not known. We investigated 44 cases of SUDS for details of seizure history, treatment, medical and psychological history, events at the time of death, and postmortem findings. Cases of status epilepticus, drowning or other identifiable causes of death were excluded. Two groups emerged: five children with uncontrolled seizures receiving mult…

[Absence status epilepsy].

Absence status (AS), or "Petit Mal status" is a polymorphic condition that can complicate many epileptic syndromes. Diagnosis is difficult o … ediate prognosis is variable. Some of these cases are difficult to distinguish from complex partial status epilepticus of frontal lobe origin.

COVID-19 infection and vaccination in children with Dravet syndrome or infantile epileptic spasms syndrome: An internet survey in Japan.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to clarify the status of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and vaccination among children with infa … ccinated) required temporary visits for seizure exacerbation, emergency visits for seizure clusters/status epilepticus, and seizure-related hospitalizations, respectively. Vaccination rates were 25.3 % for DS and 17.3 % for IESS. Post-vaccination fever-triggered seizures occurred in 2.9 % and 3.5 % of DS cases after the first and second doses, respectively, and 0.0 …

Magnesium Sulfate in Pediatric Emergency Medicine: Pharmacology, Evidence, and Clinical Applications.

Magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) is a well-established therapeutic agent with extensive historical use, predominantly recognized in obstetrics. How … mic effects in children. Rigorous clinical evidence supports MgSO₄ as a vital adjunct in refractory status epilepticus, severe asthma not responsive to first-line therapies, and torsades de pointes or certain bradyarrhythmias. Despite these benefits, substantial disparities in clinical adoption persist globally, often due to limited awareness, protocol variability, …

Neurological complications of pandemic influenza (H1N1) in children.

The aim of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics of children demonstrating neurological complications with pandemic influ … litis (ADEM) in one, acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) in one, meningoencephalitis in one, and status epilepticus in four patients. All patients were treated with oseltamivir and antiepileptic drugs. One patient with CRF died; four previously healthy patients recovered fully, and three patients who had neurologic disorder returned to their previous neurological …

Epilepsy in Menkes disease: analysis of clinical stages.

PURPOSE: Epilepsy is one of the main features of Menkes disease (MD), although it is not described in depth. To determine the spectrum of epilepsy, we studied its main characteristics. METHODS: Based on clinical charts, we retrospectively analyzed the evolution of electroclinical features of 12 patients with confirmed MD. RESULTS: Epilepsy could be divided into three periods: (a) an early stage (median age, 3 months), characterized by focal clonic status epilepticus, usually triggered by fever (10 patients). Ictal EEG showed runs of slow spike-waves and slow waves in the posterior regions, a…

Множественный склероз педиатрии (POMS) и эпилепсия: исследование этиологической сложности - результаты из опыта одного центра.

В этой статье рассматривается сложная взаимосвязь между припадками, эпилепсией и множественным склерозом (МС) у педиатрических пациентов на основе подробных результатов исследования, проведенного в одном центре. Справочная информация: Хотя множественный склероз в первую очередь признается в качестве заболевания, порождаемого взрослыми, его распространенность у детей сопряжена с особыми проблемами, особенно связанными с расстройствами припадков. Методы: Мы провели обзор 120 Число пациентов педиатрии, прошедших оценку 7 годы; six (из них)5%) опытных изъятий (включая one случай острого эпилептиче

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
This article examines the complex relationship between seizures, epilepsy, and multiple sclerosis (MS) in pediatric patients, based on detai … atients evaluated over 7 years; six of these (5%) experienced seizures (including one case of acute status epilepticus), and five were diagnosed with epilepsy according to the latest International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classification. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence rates and types of seizures while investigating their management strategies in t …

Histological Architecture Underlying Brain-Immune Cell-Cell Interactions and the Cerebral Response to Systemic Inflammation.

Although the brain is now known to actively interact with the immune system under non-inflammatory conditions, the site of cell-cell interac … underlies a wide variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders including ischemic brain injury, status epilepticus, repeated social defeat, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Proinflammatory status associated with cytokine imbalance is involved in autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and depression. In this a …