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Cognitive behavioral therapy and fluoxetine for binge eating disorder: two-year follow-up.

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the long-term effects of group behavioral treatment plus individual cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and/or fluoxetine in binge eating disorder (BED) patients. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: A total of 116 individuals were randomized to an initial five-month trial and were followed up over two years. Assessments, including binge frequency, weight, and self-report measures, were administered at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and approximately 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after initial treatment. RESULTS: Across treatment groups, there was overall improvement ove…

Cognitive-behavioral therapy for comorbid generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder with agoraphobia.

The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral treatment package for comorbid generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder with agoraphobia (PDA). A single-case, multiple-baseline, across-subjects design was used with 3 primary GAD patients with secondary PDA. The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated with a structured interview, a battery of self-report questionnaires, and daily self-monitoring booklets. Results are promising: At posttreatment, 2 out of 3 participants achieved high endstate functioning and maintained this level at 3-, 6-, and 12-month

Impact of cognitive-behavioral therapy for panic disorder on comorbidity: a controlled investigation.

This study examined the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for principal panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, on comorbidity in 30 individuals (16 female). To test the hypothesis that improvements in co-existing conditions were not due to spontaneous fluctuations across time, patients receiving immediate CBT were compared to those assigned to wait list (n = 11). Results indicated clinician-rated severity of comorbid specific phobia declined significantly following immediate CBT compared to no change after wait list. The number of patients without comorbidity of any severity i

Group and individual cognitive-behavioral therapy for childhood anxiety disorders: a randomized trial.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of group and individual cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in children with Axis I anxiety disorders. It was hypothesized that certain subgroups would respond preferentially to one modality. METHOD: Seventy-eight children aged 8-12 years with diagnosed anxiety disorders were randomly assigned to a 12-week, manual-based program of group or individual CBT, both with parental involvement. Outcomes included child anxiety (child and parent report) and global functioning as estimated by clinicians. Repeated-measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were done. The sam

The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the core symptoms of bulimia nervosa.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is widely regarded as the treatment of choice for bulimia nervosa (BN), with previous reviews of the CBT outcome literature claiming an approximate 40%-50% recovery rate. Most of these reviews have focused on reductions of binge eating and purging; however, the cognitive model of BN that underlies the CBT approach identifies three additional symptoms as central to the disorder: restrictive eating, concerns with shape and weight, and self-esteem. The purpose of this review was to determine the effect of CBT on the five core symptoms of BN, particularly those n…

Cognitive behavioral therapy for treatment of chronic primary insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.

CONTEXT: Use of nonpharmacological behavioral therapy has been suggested for treatment of chronic primary insomnia, but well-blinded, placebo-controlled trials demonstrating effective behavioral therapy for sleep-maintenance insomnia are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To test the efficacy of a hybrid cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) compared with both a first-generation behavioral treatment and a placebo therapy for treating primary sleep-maintenance insomnia. DESIGN AND SETTING: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted at a single academic medical center, with recruitmen…

Predictors of rapid and sustained response to cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa.

OBJECTIVE: To examine characteristics of individuals who show a rapid and sustained response to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for bulimia nervosa (BN). METHOD: As part of a randomized clinical trial designed to dismantle CBT for BN, we compared 19 individuals who exhibited complete abstinence from binging and purging after only eight sessions of CBT and maintained abstinence throughout the duration of treatment and the 1-year follow-up interval, to 79 individuals who had a more variable response to treatment. Demographics, baseline clinical characteristics, lifetime comorbidity, and pers

[The treatment of social phobias: efficacy of cognitive and and behavioral group therapy].

55 patients with social phobias were given group cognitive-behavioural therapy. The study protocol comprised three phases: (1) the pre-inclusion phase with 5 individual consultations before group treatment; (2) the group phase itself, comprising 20 weekly sessions of 2 hours each and (3) the post-therapy phase, comprising a 6 month follow-up group session, and 2 evaluation sessions 6 and 12 months after the end of group therapy. The techniques used were assertiveness training and cognitive therapy. Assessments were carried out using the Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (23), Brief standard self r

Cognitive-behavioral therapy of panic disorder with secondary major depression: a preliminary investigation.

Controlled studies indicate that cognitive-behavioral therapy eliminates panic attacks in greater than 80% of patients who suffer from panic disorder. However, because most of the screening procedures used in those studies called for excluding patients who were depressed, a question arises as to the extent to which these results apply to patients who are clinically depressed in addition to having panic attacks. Accordingly, an attempt was made in the present study to determine whether or not panic patients who are clinically depressed could be treated as successfully as those who are not clini

Characterizing Behavioral Engagement in Smartphone Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) are increasingly popular for their ability to disseminate evidence-based treatments … ed a road map for comprehensive behavioral engagement measurement, developed for a prior smartphone cognitive behavioral therapy program for body dysmorphic disorder, to a 12-week randomized controlled trial of smartphone cognitive behavioral therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD; N=60). Aims were to (1) comprehensively characterize behavioral engagement using 21 obj …

Efficacy of an Integrative Treatment for Tinnitus Combining Music and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy-Assessed With Behavioral and EEG Data.

Chronic tinnitus is a prevalent condition that could cause severe negative impact on an individual's life. However, there has not been an established treatment due to a limited understanding of the pathophysiology of this multifarious disorder. In this study, we tested the efficacy of an integrative treatment, combining music therapy with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). We collected three groups of patients receiving three different treatments: Music-CBT, music therapy and CBT. We used both subjective (i.e., questionnaires) and objective (i.e., resting-state EEG data) measurements to asses

Effectiveness of Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and the Role of Cognitive Ability in Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

OBJECTIVE: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently persists into adulthood and leads to significant impairment across multiple domains. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been proposed as a promising adjunctive treatment. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured group-based CBT program for adults with ADHD and examine whether cognitive ability and treatment adherence moderate treatment response. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 24 adults who completed a 10-session group CBT program. ADHD symptoms were assessed pre and postintervention usi…

A randomized comparison of cognitive behavioral therapy and behavioral weight loss treatment for overweight individuals with binge eating disorder.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and behavioral weight loss treatment (BWLT) for overweight patients with binge eating disorder (BED). METHOD: Eighty obese patients meeting criteria of BED according to DSM-IV-TR were randomly assigned to either CBT or BWLT consisting of 16 weekly treatments and 6 monthly follow-up sessions. Binge eating, general psychopathology, and body mass index (BMI) were assessed before, during, and after treatment, and at 12-month follow-up. RESULTS: At posttreatment results favored CBT as the more ef

Cognitive behavioral therapy combined with aripiprazole in the treatment of schizophrenia: effects on cognitive function and psychological state.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) combined with aripiprazole on clinical symptoms, cognitive function, and emotional state in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: A single-center retrospective controlled design was used, with data from the electronic medical records of the psychiatry department of Liupanshui Shuikuang hospital. A total of 168 patients were included and divided into two groups based on whether they received structured CBT intervention: the combined treatment group (aripiprazole + CBT) and the monotherapy group (ari…

Approaching Cognitive Behavior Therapy For Generalized Anxiety Disorder From A Cognitive Process Perspective.

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), with uncontrollable worry at its core, is a common psychological disorder with considerable individual and societal costs. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is recommended as the first-line treatment for GAD; however, further investigation into its effectiveness in routine clinical care is indicated and improvement is required in treatment outcomes for worry. Improvements to CBT need to be guided by experimental research that identifies key mechanisms maintaining core aspects of the disorder. This paper summarizes how theory-driven experimental research guide

Cognitive behavioral therapies are evidence-based - based on what? A systematic review and meta-analysis of recent randomized controlled trials of cognitive behavioral therapies for depression.

BACKGROUND: We aimed to map the last five years' randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of cognitive behavioral therapies (CBTs) for depression to determine what types of CBTs are currently being investigated and how they are evaluated. METHODS: As per the pre-registration (Prospero; #CRD42023427902), RCTs of CBTs for depression (2019 through 2023) were identified from searches in PubMed and PsycINFO. We reviewed the type of CBT, outcome (e.g., positive outcomes, neuropsychological performance), frequency, and efficacy, in addition to the assessment of moderation, mediation, and adverse events.

Do patients with acne need cognitive behavioral therapy? An analysis of patient knowledge and behavior.

BACKGROUND: Acne is a common skin condition that affects adolescents as well as young adults, and numerous treatment modalities have been introduced with various success. However, most of the therapeutic measures have failed to show a long-lasting effect because acne is a multi-factorial disease. Some of the factors can be effectively modified by patients themselves. We hereby present an analysis of patients' cognition of the disease and behavioral patterns that can influence patient compliance and the efficacy of the adjacent therapy. METHODS: The survey was conducted on 136 Korean patients

Cognitive Vulnerabilities as Prognostic Predictors of Acute and Follow-up Outcomes in Seasonal Affective Disorder Treatment with Light Therapy or Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy.

BACKGROUND: First-line treatments for winter seasonal affective disorder include light therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy; however, it is unclear whether particular patient profiles respond differentially to each treatment type. This study examined baseline patient cognitive and chronobiological vulnerabilities as prognostic and prescriptive predictors of acute and follow-up treatment outcomes. METHODS: 177 adults with seasonal affective disorder were randomized to 6-weeks of either light therapy or cognitive-behavioral therapy. Participants completed baseline measures of cognitive vuln

Randomized controlled trial of emotion regulation therapy versus cognitive behavioral therapy to address distress in cancer caregivers.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) shows promise for addressing distress in cancer caregivers, though results are mixed. Traditional CBT may not fully address transdiagnostic processes underlying caregiver distress, such as attentional rigidity and perseverative thinking. Emotion Regulation Therapy (ERT), a contemporary CBT targeting these mechanisms, has promise for cancer caregivers (ERT-C). We compared ERT-C to caregiver-adapted CBT (CBT-C) on caregiver- and patient-reported outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a multisite RCT (ERT-C vs. CBT-C) with distressed caregivers of patients…

Randomized controlled trial of emotion regulation therapy versus cognitive behavioral therapy to address distress in cancer caregivers

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… Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for depression: a systematic review and individual patient data network meta-analysis . … A meta-analysis of the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on quality of life and negative emotions of informal cancer caregivers . …