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Состояние эпилептики у детей: аэтология, лечение и результат.

Это ретроспективное исследование охватывает 65 детей, проходящих лечение в связи с эпилептическим состоянием в больнице Университета Тампере в Финляндии. Была проведена оценка аэтологии состояния, эффективности протокола лечения, включая короткую анестезию барбитурата для предотвращения эпизодов эпилепсии продолжительного состояния и неврологических результатов. Симптоматическая аэтология присутствовала в 40% эпизодов эпилепсии, и 37% эпизодов были вызваны лихорадкой. Неврологические сиквелы, вторичные до эпилептического состояния, были выявлены в 15% случаев, а последующие эпилепсии - в 23% в

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
This retrospective study includes 65 children treated for status epilepticus at Tampere University Hospital in Finland. Aetiology of the condition, effectiveness of the treatment protocol, including short barbiturate anaesthesia to prevent prolonged status epilepticus episodes, and neurological outcome were evaluated. Symptomatic aetiology was present in 40%…

Status epilepticus: management and outcome of 107 episodes.

Morbidity and mortality from status epilepticus might be reduced by attention to recommended management protocols. We studied our experience of 107 episodes of status epilepticus in 43 patients over a 5-year period. Overall mortality was 2% and permanent sequelae developed in 11 cases (10%). Although hospital admission was rapid, treatment could be initiated more quickly in the community (P < 0.0001). However treatment given before admission did not significantly reduce the duration of status (median difference 38 minutes, 95% C.I., 24 to 55 minutes). Diazepam was the first line treatment in 9…

Aetiology of status epilepticus in Ibadan: a neuropathologic study.

In this neuropathologic study of 41 cases diagnosed as status epilepticus (SE) over a 10-year period at the University College Hospital, Ibadan (UCH), we found that the commonest cause was infection of the central nervous system (17 cases). The other aetiologic factors were: metabolic derrangement/toxic (14 cases) and cerebrovascular disease which was the most frequent cause in subjects above 12 years of age. It was encountered in 6 cases. Space occupying lesions which involved the frontal lobes were found in 4 cases. The conditions associated with the disease at death were: cerebral oedema, p…

Continuous infantile spasms as a form of status epilepticus.

An infant with congenital cytomegalovirus infection first developed seizures at six weeks of age. At 3 1/2 months of age, he developed continuous infantile spasms that lasted for more than an hour. This episode of status epilepticus was terminated by intravenous lorazepam and paraldehyde, and seizures were subsequently controlled for seven months by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), valproic acid, and phenobarbital. This case demonstrates that continuous infantile spasms may occur as a unique form of status epilepticus in young infants.

Intravenous clonazepam in the treatment of status epilepticus in children.

Seventeen children (age range 2 weeks to 15 years) who developed status epilepticus were treated with intravenous clonazepam (Rivotril). Status was promptly stopped in each instance with between 0.25 to 0.75 mg clonazepam. In 6 children who had a further episode of status epilepticus, diazepam 0.25 to 0.75 mg/kg was given. A comparison of their relative efficacy showed that in each case clonazepam had a more prolonged action. No serious side effects occurred and it was felt that i.v. clonazepam, because of its more prolonged action, could be the drug of choice in controlling status epilepticus…

[Principles for intensive therapy of status epilepticus in children].

A total of 113 children with brain edema of infectious and toxic nature were studied. The main clinical syndrome in these conditions was an epileptical status. Among anticonvulsive drugs used seduxen appeared to be the most effective. The use of GABA, gas narcosis and myorelaxants is recommended as well. The rehydration by plasma, low molecular plasma substitutes and glucose-polyion solutions are discussed. The paper contains some information on contraindications for early dehydration and rehydration. Hypoxia is eliminated by providing adequate lung ventilation, oxygenotherapy or hyperbaric ox

Diazepam: intravenous infusion in the treatment of status epilepticus.

As the anticonvulsant plasma level of diazepam (DZP) after intravenous injection is maintained only for a short period, it is profitable to … inistration we recommend the infusion method as one of the most effective in the acute treatment of status epilepticus.

Focal hypermetabolism in suspected non-convulsive status epilepticus.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) as a biomarker in suspected non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) by characterizing electroclinical-metabolic correlations and quantifying focal hypermetabolism. METHODS: We included adult patients with rhythmic and periodic patterns (RPPs) undergoing 18F-FDG PET for suspected NCSE. Two neurologists reviewed patient electroencephalography (EEG) recordings (0-30 min post-injection) using 2021 American Clinical Neurophysiology Society (ACNS) criteria. 18F-FDG PET images were blindly assessed by two nuc…

First Seizures, Acute Repetitive Seizures, and Status Epilepticus.

OBJECTIVE: This article provides current evidence on how and when to treat unprovoked first seizures in children and adults, guides intervention with appropriate doses and types of modern and effective therapies for acute repetitive (cluster) seizures, and reviews evidence for the diagnosis and management of established, refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus. LATEST DEVELOPMENTS: Artificial intelligence shows promise as a clinical assistant in decision making after a first seizure. For nonanoxic convulsive refractory status epilepticus third-phase treatment, equipoise exists rega…

Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome Associated with Status Epilepticus.

Cerebral salt wasting syndrome (CSWS) is defined as a renal loss of sodium in cerebral disorders causing hyponatremia and loss of extracellular fluid volume. Similar laboratory findings may be seen in other conditions such as syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). A 58-year-old male visited our emergency department because of the sudden development of seizures during sleep. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed subtle high signal intensity in the right hippocampus on diffusion-weighted imaging. Ictal rhythmic discharges were observed in the concordant area. Altered met

Cardiac dysregulation following intrahippocampal kainate-induced status epilepticus.

Status epilepticus (SE) is a prevalent disorder associated with significant morbidity, including the development of epilepsy and mortality. Cardiac arrhythmias (i.e. inappropriate sinus tachycardia and bradycardia, asystole, and atrioventricular blocks) are observed in patients following SE. We characterized ictal (during a seizure) and interictal (between seizure) cardiac arrhythmogenesis following SE using continuous electrocardiography and video electroencephalography (vEEG) recordings throughout a 14-day monitoring period in an intrahippocampal chemoconvulsant mouse model that develops epi…

Lessons from the Established Status Epilepticus Treatment Trial.

Convulsive status epilepticus (SE) is a relatively common emergency condition affecting individuals of all ages. The primary goal of treatment is prompt termination of seizures. Where first-line treatment with benzodiazepine has failed to achieve this, a condition known as established SE (ESE), there is uncertainty about which agent to use next. The Established Status Epilepticus Treatment Trial (ESETT) is a 3-arm (valproate (VPA), fosphenytoin (FOS), levetiracetam (LEV)), phase III, double-blind randomized comparative effectiveness study in patients aged 2 years and above with established con…

Two cases of opercular myoclonic-anarthric status epilepticus.

Opercular myoclonic-anarthric status epilepticus (OMASE) is a rare form of epilepsia partialis continua presenting as fluctuating dysarthria, or even anarthria. The condition is caused by an epileptogenic lesion involving the opercular cortex of either hemisphere. Speech impairment is secondary to bilateral epileptic activity affecting the glossopharyngeal muscles. This bilateral nature of the condition is due to the fact that innervation of cranial nerves V, VII, IX, X and XII from the opercular area of the primary motor cortex is bilateral. The aetiology of the condition varies, and includes…