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Effect of Gardeniae Fructus Powder on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Intestinal Barrier Function, and Colonic Microbiota of Weaned Piglets.

The present study aimed to explore the effect of GF powder on the growth performance, diarrhea rate, antioxidant and immune capacity, and intestinal health of weaned piglets. A total of 144 weaned piglets (8.29 ± 0.11 kg) at 21 d old were randomly assigned to four groups, with each treatment consisting of six replicate pens, with six piglets per pen, and each pen containing three barrows and three gilts. The piglets were fed a basal diet supplement with 0%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% GF powder (n = 36). Our results indicated that compared with the basal diet, the F/G and diarrhea rate were remarkabl

Disrupted tRNA modification leads to intestinal mitochondrial dysfunction and microbial dysbiosis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Transfer RNA (tRNA) modifications determine translation fidelity and efficiency. It occurs through the action of specific enzymes that modify the nucleotides within the tRNA molecule. Our previous study demonstrated tRNA modopathies and altered queuine-related metabolites in inflammatory bowel diseases. Queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase catalytic subunit 1 (QTRT1) and QTRT 2 co-localize in mitochondria and form a heterodimeric TGT participating in tRNA Queuosine (tRNA-Q) modification. Human body acquires Queuine/Vitamin Q from intestinal microbiota or from diet. However, the

Effects of the administration of probiotic complexes of Bacillus coagulans and Clostridium butyricum on intestinal barrier damage induced by 5-fluorouracil in rats.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Intestinal barrier injury is widespread after treatment with antitumour drugs such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), but there is still a lack of prevention and effective management strategies based on fundamental research evidence. The aim of this study is to explore the effects and potential mechanisms of probiotic complexes on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced intestinal barrier damage in rats. METHODS: An intestinal barrier injury model was established in male SD rats, aged 2 months, with a body weight ranging from 240 g to 260 g. via the intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU (70 mg/kg

Compound Danshen Dripping Pills retards the progression of cerebral cavernous malformations via strengthening vascular integrity and ameliorating inflammatory response.

BACKGROUND: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are characterized by abnormal clusters of dilated, thin-walled capillaries in the brain that are prone to bleeding, which give rise to a range of neurological symptoms including seizures and stroke. Current therapeutic strategies are restricted to surgical resection, highlighting the requirement for effective and efficient treatments. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills (CDDP) as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) against the progression of CCMs. METHODS: Ultra-performance

CAR T-Cell Trapy in Rank: Сбалансирование эффективности с проблемами сердечной токсичности.

CAR-T терапия (Chimeric антигенная рецепторная T-клеточная терапия) является новаторским и трансформативным подходом к борьбе с раком, модифицирующим иммунную систему, предусматривающую приемную клеточную терапию. В этой статье содержится исчерпывающая информация об эффективности CAR-T лечения различных видов раковых заболеваний, некоторые из которых, как показывает практика, являются особенно сложными для полной ликвидации раковых заболеваний. Клиническая эффективность терапии CAR-T по сравнению с другими традиционными методами лечения рака, такими, как хирургическое лечение, радиотерапия, вы

CAR-T Cell Therapy in Ovarian Cancer: Where Are We Now?

The success of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies in the treatment of hematologic malignancies has led to the investigation of their potential in the treatment of solid tumors, including ovarian cancer. While the immunosuppressive microenvironment of ovarian cancer has been a barrier in their implementation, several early phase clinical trials are currently evaluating CAR-T cell therapies targeting mesothelin, folate receptor a, HER2, MUC16, and B7H3. Ongoing challenges include cytokine-associated and "on-target, off-tumor" toxicities, while most common adverse events include c

Intestinal barrier functions in hematologic and oncologic diseases.

The intestinal barrier is a complex structure that not only regulates the influx of luminal contents into the systemic circulation but is also involved in immune, microbial, and metabolic homeostasis. Evidence implicating disruption in intestinal barrier functions in the development of many systemic diseases, ranging from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis to autism, or systemic complications of intestinal disorders has increased rapidly in recent years, raising the possibility of the intestinal barrier as a potential target for therapeutic intervention to alter the course and mitigate the complica

Akkermansia muciniphila Moduls Central Nervous System Autoimune Autoimune and Coginative Disability by Inhibiting Hippocampal NLRP3-Mediated Нейроинфламмация.

ЦЕЛЬ: Многочисленные исследования продемонстрировали важную роль " Akkermansia muciniphila " (A. muciniphila) в укреплении иммунной реакции принимающей страны и метаболических функций. Вместе с тем увеличение числа пациентов, страдающих множественным склерозом (МС), привело к тому, что акцент был сделан на связи между A. muciniphila и болезнями, при этом основные механизмы остаются неизвестными. МЕТОД: Для оценки степени обезвоживания и воспаления использовались растворохром цианин, пятно гематоксилин-эозина (H&E) и пятно иммунофторации. Изменения в микробиоте были изучены по секвени

Вирус Эпштейн-Барр и иммунная микроокружающая среда в множестве склерозов: Отличения от высокомерной съемки тканей мозга.

Вирус Эпштейн-Барр (ЭБВ) во многом связан с патогенезом множественного склероза (МС), однако его точная роль в прогрессии заболеваний остается неясной. С использованием высокомерной системы обнаружения СО путем индексации, технологии пространственной съемки, в настоящем исследовании изучается клеточная микроокружающая среда поражения MS в вторичных прогрессивных MS и первичных прогрессивных MS. Мы проанализировали взаимодействие иммунной, глиальной, нейрональной и эндотелиальной клеток в MS-повреждениях и обычно встречающейся белой материи в двух независимых группах. Наши результаты свидетельс

Towards Drug Repurposing in Cancer Cachexia: Potential Targets and Candidates.

As a multifactorial and multiorgan syndrome, cancer cachexia is associated with decreased tolerance to antitumor treatments and increased morbidity and mortality rates. The current approaches for the treatment of this syndrome are not always effective and well established. Drug repurposing or repositioning consists of the investigation of pharmacological components that are already available or in clinical trials for certain diseases and explores if they can be used for new indications. Its advantages comparing to de novo drugs development are the reduced amount of time spent and costs. In thi

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… The major macromolecules of tight junctions are occludins, claudins, and junction adhesion molecules [ 162 ]. … ZO-1 and Claudins Agonist Tight junctions are constituted by three major groups of macromolecules, which are occludins, claudins, and junction-adhesion molecules [ 162 ]. …

Global first-in-class drugs approved in 2023-2024: Breakthroughs and insights.

First-in-class (FIC) drugs are considered the main drivers of new drug discovery and have novel targets and mechanisms. The proportion of FIC drugs among new drugs provides fundamental guidance for both academic and pharmaceutical research. From a global perspective, 81 FIC drugs were approved in 2023 and 2024. Among them, small-molecule drugs account for a greater percentage (51.9%), illustrating the discovery of new chemical entities. Macromolecule drugs (48.1%), which mainly consist of antibody analogs, represent a growing trend as new biotechnology techniques have emerged. In terms of FIC

The Role of Purported Mucoprotectants in Dealing with Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Functional Diarrhea, and Other Chronic Diarrheal Disorders in Adults.

Chronic diarrhea is a frequent presenting symptom, both in primary care medicine and in specialized gastroenterology units. It is estimated that more than 5% of the global population suffers from chronic diarrhea. and that about 40% of these subjects are older than 60 years. The clinician is frequently faced with the need to decide which is the best therapeutic approach for these patients. While the origin of chronic diarrhea is diverse, impairment of intestinal barrier function, dysbiosis. and mucosal micro-inflammation are being increasingly recognized as underlying phenomena characterizing

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Among claudins, claudin 2 and interleukin (IL)-13 regulate the pore pathway to form size (4–5 Å at the villus tip; 20 Å at the base) and charge selective ion channels with high capacity of transport [ 50 ]. … Cording J Berg J Käding N In tight junctions, claudins regulate the interactions between occludin, tricellulin and marvelD3, which, inversely, modulate claudin oligomerization J Cell Sci 2013 126 Pt 2 554 564 23203797 10.1242/jcs.114306 53. …

Воздействие метаболического синдрома на нейроинфламму и мозговой барьер.

Метаболический синдром, который включает диабет и ожирение. one из самых распространенных медицинских заболеваний. Она вызывает системное воспаление, приводящее к далеко идущим последствиям для тела, которое все еще обнаруживается. Neuropathology, вызванная метаболическим синдромом, часто является результатом повышения проницаемости кровеносного мозга (ББД). ББД, система, предназначенная для ограничения проникновения токсинов, иммунных клеток и патогенов в мозг, имеет жизненно важное значение для надлежащей нейронной функции. Местное и системное воспаление, вызванное ожирением или типом 2 Мели

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Endothelial TJs are formed by the transcellular proteins claudin, occludin, and junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs) ( Daneman and Prat, 2015 ). Claudins are particularly important for barrier function, as loss of claudins greatly increases barrier permeability ( Hartsock and Nelson, 2008 ). … Treatment with VEGF also disrupts claudin-5, occludin, and ZO-1, important TJ proteins ( Fischer et al., 2002 ; Argaw et al., 2009 ). …

SLAMF7 regulates goblet cell mucus production and negatively impacts gut homeostasis and commensalism.

Crosstalk between the intestinal mucosal barrier and the gut microbiota contributes to maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that diverse mechanisms are involved in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Any disturbance in these pathways can compromise gut homeostasis and trigger chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, how host factors regulate the intestinal mucosal barrier and change the gut microbiome has not been well defined. Here, we discovered that disruption of SLAMF7 protects against intestinal inflammation. SLAMF7 def

Novel immunotherapeutic approaches in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor that ranks third in cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early-stage gastric cancer can often be effectively managed through surgical resection. However, the majority of cases are diagnosed in advanced stages, where outcomes with conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy remain unsatisfactory. Immunotherapy offers a novel approach to treating molecularly heterogeneous gastric cancer by modifying the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapy are regarded as promising modalities in cancer immunotherapy. Food

Bispecific antibodies and nanotechnology: a strategic alliance in cancer immunotherapy.

Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs), designed to recognize two distinct antigens or epitopes, enable innovative mechanisms of action for emerging generations of cancer immunotherapies. Despite their potential, bsAb therapeutics face several challenges related to their biodistribution and pharmacokinetics, which often result in a suboptimal efficacy/toxicity balance. Starting with a brief description of the relevance of bsAbs in cancer immunotherapy, this review aims to critically analyze the synergistic potential of nanotechnology and bsAb technology oriented to enhance therapeutic efficiency while

Emerging Mechanisms and Treatment Progress on Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer is currently the third largest malignant tumor in the world, with high new cases and high mortality. Metastasis is one of the most common causes of death of colorectal cancer, of which liver metastasis is the most fatal. Since the beginning of the Human Genome Project in 2001, people have gradually recognized the 3 billion base pairs that make up the human genome, of which only about 1.5% of the nucleic acid sequences are used for protein coding, including proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. A large number of differences in the expression of proto-oncogenes and tumor

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… protein is specific, and more than two kinds of Claudins protein molecules can be expressed in most tissues and organs. … Claudin-1 and −2: novel integral membrane proteins localizing at tight junctions with no sequence similarity to occludin . J Cell Biol . 1998 ; 141 ( 7 ): 1539 – 1550 . doi: 10.1083/jcb.141.7.1539 9647647 PMC2132999 35. Turksen K , Troy TC . Barriers built on claudins . …

Дисфункция мозгового барьера (BBB) в заболеваниях CNS: уделение внимания перицитам.

Дизфункция мозгового барьера (BBB) является важным патологическим механизмом в заболеваниях центральной нервной системы (CNS) и может вызвать ряд патологических реакций, таких, как нейроинфламмационная реакция, окислительный стресс, иммунная инфильтрация и т.д., что усугубляет повреждение мозга. Вместе с тем исследователи часто игнорируют перициты, и ни одно обзорное исследование пока еще не подытожило механизм, с помощью которого перициты способствуют дисфункции ББД в заболеваниях КНС.Поэтому в настоящем обзоре изучается патофизиология дисфункции ББД в связи с заболеваниями КНС и содержится п

Несапонин из Панакс Гинсенг поддерживает целостность мозгового барьера, подавляя NF-ИБ и p38 MAP cinase сигнализирующих путей для предотвращения развития экспериментального аутоиммунного энцефаломиэлита.

НЕСАпонинская (NS) фракция является важным активным компонентом Панакс Гинсенга, имеющей многофункциональную фармакологическую деятельность, включая нейрозащиту, иммунную регламентацию, противовоспалительные и антиоксидантные эффекты. Однако воздействие НС на множественный склероз (МС) - хроническое и аутоиммунное демиелионирующее расстройство - пока еще не доказано. Цель настоящего исследования состояла в том, чтобы продемонстрировать фармакологические действия НСУ по дисфункциям движения и соответствующие механизмы действий с использованием экспериментальной аутоиммунной энцефаломиелитной мо

Adenosine A2A receptor-mediated interactions between Th1+ T cells and the choroid plexus epithelium via IFN-γ signalling control T-Cell infiltration in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

BACKGROUND: Adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonists have been consistently demonstrated to protect against multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology, but A2AR knockout (A2AR-/-) mice exhibit exacerbated immune injury, raising concerns regarding the use of A2AR antagonists for MS treatment. Here, we revealed the critical involvement of A2AR-mediated interactions between Th1+ T cells and the choroid plexus (ChP) epithelium in the pathology of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). METHODS: We assessed the effects of A2AR knockout on ChP gateway activity and the interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-secr