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The Power of Phytochemicals Combination in Cancer Chemoprevention.

Conventional therapies for cancer treatment have posed many challenges, including toxicity, multidrug resistance and economic expenses. In contrast, complementary alternative medicine (CAM), employing phytochemicals have recently received increased attention owing to their capability to modulate a myriad of molecular mechanisms with a less toxic effect. Increasing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggest that phytochemicals can favorably modulate several signaling pathways involved in cancer development and progression. Combinations of phytochemicals promote cell death, inhibit c

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… Major molecular mechanisms of action of quercetin include down regulation of mutant p53 in breast cancer cells leading to G1 phase arrest of cell cycle 95 , tyrosine kinase inhibition both in vitro and in vivo human studies 96 , inhibition of heat shock protein and Ras proto-oncogene 97 . …

Aurora Kinase A: Integrating Insights into Cancer, Inflammation, and Infectious Diseases.

Aurora kinase A (AURKA) is crucial in regulating cell division and maintaining genomic stability, making it significant in cancer biology. This review explores AURKA's structural and functional roles, emphasizing its involvement in cell cycle progression. Beyond cancer, AURKA emerges as a multifaceted player in host cell modulation, exerting influence over inflammatory responses, cell death mechanisms, and autophagy pathways. Moreover, recent research highlights its involvement in viral and bacterial infections. Numerous viruses, for their replication and assembly, modulate host cell cycle pro

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… mTOR inhibitors MTOR inhibitors solely caused G1 phase arrest. … phase by a combination of MK-0457 and Nutlin-3 treatment and caused mitochondrial apoptosis and proapoptotic p53 signaling in AML. 122 Kinase independent function of AURKA In multiple malignancies, it has been observed that AURKA expression increases during the G 2 and M phases of the cell cycle. …

Properties of Approved Antitumour Chinese Herbal Medicines: Integrating Evidence and Tradition.

The properties and meridian affinities of Chinese herbal medicine are closely associated with their therapeutic efficacy. This review focuses on approved antitumour Chinese medicines listed in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 Edition, Volume I), highlighting their key components. Statistical methods were used to analyse the properties, flavours and channel tropisms of antitumour traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), including both proprietary formulations and commercially available individual herbs. Distinctive patterns were identified by comparing herb profiles with con

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… Lü et al 49 showed that schisandrin B inhibits A549 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner by downregulating cyclin D1, CDK4 and CDK6 expression while upregulating p53 and p21, thereby inducing G0/G1 phase cell-cycle arrest. … Park et al 55 examined the toxicological effects and mechanisms of formononetin in ovarian cancer ES2 and OV90 cells, showing that formononetin induces G0/G1 phase arrest and promotes apoptosis. …

Immune effector cell-associated enterocolitis post-BCMA directed CAR T-cell therapy: insights from a multicenter case series.

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Alpha-lipoic acid alters the antitumor effect of bortezomib in melanoma cells in vitro.

Bortezomib (BOZ) is a proteasome inhibitor chemotherapeutic agent utilized to treat multiple myeloma and recently offered to cure melanoma. Bortezomib-induced neuropathy is one of the dose-limiting side-effects, which can be treated with antioxidants (e.g. alpha-lipoic acid-ALA and Vitamin B1-vit B1). We hypothesized that these antioxidants may counteract the antitumor activity by disrupting the BOZ-induced pathways (e.g. proteasome inhibition or reactive oxygen species generation). The objectives were: (i) to verify the anti-proliferative effect of BOZ; (ii) to compare the influence of the an

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… The percentage of A2058 cells in the sub G1 phase increased following the treatment with the all BOZ concentrations, along with a decrease in the proportion of the resting cells from G0/G1 phase (Fig. 3 A). … In the case of U266 myeloma cells, the test revealed, that the number of cells in the sub G1 phase was slightly but significantly increased by the exposure to 20 and 300 ng/mL BOZ (Fig. 3 C). …

Research progress on the anti-cancer mechanisms of edible salty-flavored Chinese materia medica.

Edible salty-flavored Chinese materia medica (ESCM) refers to a category of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that also serve as food, characterized by their salty flavor. According to the TCM theory, ESCM can soften and disperse knots, thus potentially offering benefits for cancer prevention and treatment. With cancer remaining a major global health challenge, its primary prevention strategies, especially through dietary modification, are crucial. ESCM have recently garnered substantial attention, due to their remarkable clinical efficacy and low side-effect profile. Researches on ESCM demon

Nuclear Export in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Implications for Targeted XPO1 Inhibitors.

Exportin-1 (XPO1) is a key player in the nuclear export pathway and is overexpressed in almost all cancers. This is especially relevant for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), where high XPO1 expression is associated with poor prognosis due to its oncogenic role in exporting proteins and RNA that are involved in cancer progression and treatment resistance. Here, we discuss the proteins and RNA transcripts that have been identified as XPO1 cargo in NHL lymphoma including tumour suppressors, immune modulators, and transcription factors, and their implications for oncogenesis. We then highlight the resea

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… The drug also arrested cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, as seen by flow cytometry [ 35 ]. Interestingly, Western Blot and PCR analyses in these experiments also found that KPT-185 decreased XPO1 protein expression, but increased XPO1 mRNA expression [ 35 ]. … Whereas individual treatments with selinexor or zanubrutinib mostly arrested cells in the G1 phase of the cell-cycle, the combination resulted in most cells entering the sub-G1 phase, where they subsequently underwent apoptosis [ 40 ]. …

Novel Small Molecular Compound AE-848 Potently Induces Human Multiple Myeloma Cell Apoptosis by Modulating the NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathways.

BackgroundWe aimed to investigate the anti-multiple myeloma (MM) activity of the new small molecular compound AE-848 (5-bromo-2-hydroxyisophthalaldehyde bis[(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)hydrazone]) and its underlying anti-MM mechanism.MethodsCell viability and apoptosis were detected and quantified by using MTT and flow cytometry, respectively. JC-1 dye-related techniques were used to assess mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Western blotting was applied to detect the expression of NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway-associated proteins. The in vivo activity of AE-848 against MM was evaluat

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… DCZ0814 induces apoptosis and G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in myeloma by dual inhibition of mTORC1/2 . Cancer Manag Res . 2019 ; 11 : 4797 – 4808 . doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S194202 31213901 PMC6549748 23. Kim SJ , Kim ES , Kim S , et al. …

Emerging agents and regimens for multiple myeloma.

The outcomes of multiple myeloma (MM) have been improved significantly with the therapies incorporating proteasome inhibitors (PI), immunomodulatory drugs, monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) and stem cell transplantation. However, relapsed and refractory MM (RRMM) remains a major challenge. Novel agents and regimens are under active clinical development. These include new PIs such as ixazomib, marizomib, and oprozomib; new MoAbs such as isatuximab and MOR202; novel epigenetic agent ricolinostat and novel cytokines such as siltuximab. Recently, the first XPO-1 inhibitor, selinexor, was approved for R

Polyphenols enhance the activity of alkylating agents in leukaemia cell lines.

Polyphenols have been shown to sensitize solid tumours to alkylating agents such as cisplatin, and induce apoptosis and/or cell-cycle arrest. Here, we assess the effects of five polyphenols alone and in combination with three alkylating agents: cisplatin, cyclophosphamide and chlorambucil in lymphoid and myeloid leukaemia cells lines, and non-tumour control cells. In lymphoid leukaemia cell lines there was a synergistic reduction in ATP and glutathione levels, an induction of cell cycle arrest, DNA damage and apoptosis when quercetin, apigenin, emodin and rhein were combined with cisplatin and

Safety of Rapid Daratumumab Infusion: A Retrospective, Multicenter, Real-Life Analysis on 134 Patients With Multiple Myeloma.

BackgroundThe anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab is the backbone of most anti-multiple myeloma (MM) regimens. To mitigate the risk of infusion-related reactions (IRRs), intravenous daratumumab administration requires 7 hours for the first infusion and 3.5-4 hours thereafter, thus making daratumumab-containing regimens burdensome for patients and health care resources. Preliminary data suggest that a rapid (90-minute) infusion of daratumumab is safe and does not increase IRRs. The rapid schedule was adopted by our centers since 2019.MethodsWe conducted an observational multi-center, real

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Ganoderma lucidum in Cancer.

Triterpenoids, such as ganoderic acid, and polysaccharides, including β-D-glucans, α-D-glucans, and α-D-mannans, are the main secondary metabolites of the medicinal fungus Ganoderma lucidum. There is evidence of the effects of ganoderic acid in hematological malignancies, whose mechanisms involve the stimulation of immune response, the macrophage-like differentiation, the activation of MAP-K pathway, an IL3-dependent cytotoxic action, the induction of cytoprotective autophagy, and the induction of apoptosis. In fact, this compound has been tested in twenty-six different human cancer cell types

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… phase indicate the impact of differentiation into cells that resemble macrophages. … Additionally, the accumulation of cell cycle progression in the G0/G1 phase may be partially influenced by the actions of p53 and p21. …

Plants as a Source of Anticancer Agents: From Bench to Bedside.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. Conventional anticancer therapies are associated with lack of selectivity and serious side effects. Cancer hallmarks are biological capabilities acquired by cancer cells during neoplastic transformation. Targeting multiple cancer hallmarks is a promising strategy to treat cancer. The diversity in chemical structure and the relatively low toxicity make plant-derived natural products a promising source for the development of new and more effective anticancer therapies that have the capacity to target multiple hallmarks in

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… EGCG also enhances the ratio of SKOV-3 cells in the G1-phase with an associated decline in the ratio of cells in the S phase and G2-phase of the cell cycle [ 188 ]. … Moreover, in pancreatic cancer cells, it activates G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest [ 286 ]. …

Идентификация генотипов теплотерпимых томатов на основе комплексного фенотипного, биохимического, молекулярного анализа и анализа бипло ГПЭ.

Высокотемпературный стресс является одним из основных факторов, влияющих на продуктивность помидоров и качество фруктов во всем мире. Настоящее исследование направлено на выявление генотипов помидоров, терпимых к воздействию тепла, с использованием интегрированных морфологических, биохимических, молекулярных и ГПЭ (генотип плюс генотип по окружающей среде) биплоанализов в условиях контролируемого высокого температурного стресса ()40 ± 2 °C, день) по сравнению с оптимальными условиями (26 ± 2 °С, день). Thirty-five Проведена оценка генотипов томатов по садоводству, репродуктивному, биохимическо

A Narrative Review on the Antitumoral Effects of Selected Mediterranean Plant Products from Southern Italy.

Natural products are a valuable source of bioactive compounds with established roles in oncology. Their structural diversity and ability to target multiple cancer-related pathways make them promising candidates for anticancer drug development. Increasing preclinical and clinical data highlight their potential not only to exert direct antitumor effects but also to enhance patient tolerance to conventional therapies by reducing side effects and improving treatment adherence. The Mediterranean region, known for its biodiversity and traditional dietary habits, provides a rich array of natural comp

Репрессии на цикле синергии со стороны HDAC/EZH2 H3K27-altered диффузная средняя глиома.

Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) — агрессивная хитрость под воздействием H3K27M онкохистоуна, приводящая к глобальному эпигенетическому регулированию и ограниченной эффективности одноагентной эпигенетической терапии. Ранее мы наблюдали клиническую выгоду от ингибитора HDAC/EZH2, но механистическая основа была неясной. Для принятия ответных мер в связи с наркотиками и проведения функциональных анализов использовалась группа культур ДИМ-глиомы стволовых клеток (ГНК) от опухолей головного мозга и спинного мозга, при этом репрезентативные модели были дополнительно проанализированы на предмет транскрип

Ранние синапсовые изменения фоторецептора Mitochondria в модели мыши Множественного склероза EAE

Множественный склероз (MS) — воспалительное аутоиммунное заболевание центральной нервной системы (CNS), связанное со многими неврологическими нарушениями. Взгляд на систему часто нарушается в MS. В предыдущих исследованиях мы наблюдали ранние синусосы фоторецепторовых лент в модели мыши EAE MS, которые включали изменения в цикле синаптического везикла и нарушения предсинаптического ка2+ гомеостаза. Поскольку эти преднаптические события требуют очень много энергии, мы проанализировали, может ли синаптическая митохондрия, играющая важную роль в синаптическом энергетическом метаболизме, быть заде

An actionable sterol-regulated feedback loop modulates statin sensitivity in prostate cancer.

ObjectiveThe statin family of cholesterol-lowering drugs has been shown to induce tumor-specific apoptosis by inhibiting the rate-limiting enzyme of the mevalonate (MVA) pathway, HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR). Accumulating evidence suggests that statin use may delay prostate cancer (PCa) progression in a subset of patients; however, the determinants of statin drug sensitivity in PCa remain unclear. Our goal was to identify molecular features of statin-sensitive PCa and opportunities to potentiate statin-induced PCa cell death.MethodsDeregulation of HMGCR expression in PCa was evaluated by immunohi

Resveratrol Nanoformulations for Cancer Management: A Comprehensive Review of Disease-Specific Strategies and Clinical Translational Barriers.

Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, highlighting the need for therapeutic strategies that reduce systemic toxicity and drug resistance. Resveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenolic stilbenoid, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic, and chemosensitizing activities. However, its clinical translation is limited by poor aqueous solubility, chemical instability, rapid metabolic clearance, and consequently low systemic bioavailability. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems provide a promising strategy to address these limitations. This review s

Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibits melanoma cell proliferation through down-regulation of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) and increase of p53 acetylation.

Malignant melanoma is an aggressive and deadly form of skin cancer, and despite recent advances in available therapies, is still lacking in completely effective treatments. Rg3, a monomer extracted from ginseng roots, has been attempted for the treatment of many cancers. It is reported that the expressions of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) and p53 acetylation correlate with tumor cell growth. However, the antitumor effect of Rg3 on melanoma and the mechanism by which it regulates HDAC3 expression and p53 acetylation remain unknown. We found high expression of HDAC3 in human melanoma tissues to

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… As shown in Fig. 2C , Rg3 treatment at 50 µg/mL arrested most cells at G0/G1 phases and significantly reduced cells at S phase in a time-dependent manner ( p <0.05). … Moreover, we demonstrated that Rg3, HDAC3 siRNA, or MS-275 could promote p53 transcription activity, which led to the inhibition of cell proliferation and arrest of cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. …