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Навязчивое сексуальное поведение и проблематичное использование порнографии: всеобъемлющий, междисциплинарный и экспертный обзор описательной информации с указанием предлагаемых направлений будущей деятельности.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ И МАТЕРИАЛЫ: Характер и классификация дисрегулированного сексуального поведения по-прежнему широко обсуждаются. Сексуальные расстройства, связанные с сексуальным поведением, и проблематичное использование порнографии (PUP) two Наиболее часто изученные конструкции в этой области, каждая из которых имеет значительные последствия для психического здоровья, межличностного функционирования и более широкого благосостояния. Хотя научные результаты по этим темам за последнее десятилетие быстро расширились, в последних обзорах основное внимание, как правило, уделялось конкретным п

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… CSBD/PPU assessed by the selected instruments Domain Instrument Impaired control Salience/pre-occupation Unsuccessful efforts to control (relapse) Engagement despite… Personal distress, impairment, and negative consequences in different domains Coping through sex in response to… Tolerance Withdrawal Craving … These attentional and implicit-association biases are linked to greater symptom severity and broader self-regulatory processes, including craving and desire thinking ( Antons et al., 2025 ; Büsche, Stark, Brand, & Antons, 2022 ; Engel et al., 2024 , 2025c ; Knorr et al., 2026 ). …

Development, Feasibility, Acceptability, and Usability of an Artificial Intelligence-Powered Chatbot (Suzy) to Support Patients in Substance Use Disorder Recovery: Multiphase Study.

BACKGROUND: Substance use disorder (SUD) remains a major public health crisis in the United States, with significant challenges in treatment … ned and fine-tuned with PRCs and other SUD experts. RESULTS: Rule-based chatbot functions included craving management, appointment reminders, resource referrals, care team contacts, and goal setting. Usability task testing supported feasibility. In this small pilot sample, quantitative and qualitative feedback indicated acceptability and usability, with …

An Ecological Momentary Assessment Protocol to Measure Stress, Socialization, and Other Contributors to Smoking Behaviors Among LGBTQ+ Adolescents: Multimethod Evaluation of Feasibility, Acceptability, and Appropriateness From the Puff Break Research Study.

BACKGROUND: Smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methods highlight the impact of minority stress and socialization (eg, di … ly assessments measuring tobacco, nicotine, and cannabis use, stress and socialization, and product craving. Posttrial, participants completed a 15-minute exit survey and 60-minute semistructured exit interview. The exit survey used the 12-item Weiner acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility measures and 6-item Mobile Application Rating Scale, app- …

Examining Caregiver Practices During Adolescent Outpatient Alcohol Use and Co-Occurring Mental Health Treatment: Protocol for a Dyadic Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.

BACKGROUND: Caregiver-involved treatments for adolescents with alcohol use disorder and co-occurring disorders (AUD+CODs) are associated wit … uring AUD+CODs treatment and their associations with adolescent core treatment targets (eg, alcohol craving and use, motivation to reduce or stop drinking, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms). OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to describe the methods for examining momentary caregiving practices and adolescent core treatment targets during adolescent o …

Val103Ile polymorphism of the melanocortin-4 receptor gene (MC4R) in cancer cachexia.

BackgroundAt present pathogenic mechanisms of cancer cachexia are poorly understood. Previous evidence in animal models implicates the melanocortin-4 receptor gene (MC4R) in the development of cancer cachexia. In humans, MC4R mutations that lead to an impaired receptor function are associated with obesity; in contrast, the most frequent polymorphism (Val103Ile, rs2229616; heterozygote frequency approximately 2%) was shown to be negatively associated with obesity. We tested if cancer patients that are homo-/heterozygous for the Val103Ile polymorphism are more likely to develop cachexia and/or a

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… The remaining ten patients (40%, one of them was cachectic) stated loss of appetite, three of them explained that the decrease was due to the therapy, one experienced both food craving and revulsion, two patients reported a loss of appetite prior to initiation of therapy, none of them developed cachexia … Not surprisingly, an exploratory sub-group analysis revealed that changes of appetite (including loss of appetite in general, prior to initiation of therapy or during therapy and occurrence of both food craving and revulsion) might be associated with cancer cachexia (p < 0.01). …

Characterizing and Modeling Smoking Behavior Using Automatic Smoking Event Detection and Mobile Surveys in Naturalistic Environments: Observational Study.

BACKGROUND: There are 1.1 billion smokers worldwide, and each year, more than 8 million die prematurely because of cigarette smoking. More t … re compared with light smokers, their ages (P<.05), Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence (P=.01), craving level (P<.001), enjoyment of cigarettes (P<.001), difficulty resisting smoking (P<.001), emotional valence (P<.001), and arousal (P<.001) were all found to be significantly different. In the Poisson mixed-effects model, the number of cigarettes smok …

[Assessment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder symptoms: population of women in Casablanca].

Menstruation is a biological phenomenon that has been subject of myths and taboos within and among various cultures. These myths distort the … ); difficulty of concentration (65%, n=201); marked change in appetite, overeating or specific food craving (82.8%, n=256); marked affective lability, with sadness tearful and increased sensitivity to rejection (65.8%, n=204); hypersomnia or insomnia (59.7%, n=185); subjective sense of being overwhelmed or out of control (55.7%, n=172); lethargy, excessiv …

Pharmacological treatment of alcohol dependence: a review of the evidence.

CONTEXT: Alcoholism affects approximately 10% of Americans at some time in their lives. Treatment consists of psychosocial interventions, ph … to drinking, drinking or nondrinking days, time to first drink, alcohol consumed per unit of time, craving). We graded quality of the individual articles (scale, 0-100) independently from the strength of evidence for each drug class (A, strong and consistent evidence of efficacy in studies of large size and/or high quality; B, mixed evidence of efficacy; …

Food Noise Among Healthcare Students and Healthcare Professionals in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Food noise describes persistent, intrusive thoughts about food, eating, and cravings that occur in the absence of physiological hunger. Its occurrence among healthcare students and professionals in Saudi Arabia is unknown. This study measured food noise in this group in Al-Ahsa, described the proportion meeting study-defined severity thresholds, and identified its main correlates. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, healthcare students and professionals in Al-Ahsa completed a bilingual (Arabic-English) electronic questionnaire capturing demographic and lifestyle characteristic…

Nabiximols for the Treatment of Cannabis Dependence: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

IMPORTANCE: There are no effective medications for treating dependence on cannabis. OBJECTIVE: To examine the safety and efficacy of nabixi … riod. Other outcomes included alternate cannabis use parameters (periods of abstinence, withdrawal, cravings, and problems), safety parameters (adverse events and aberrant medication use), health status, other substance use, and treatment retention. RESULTS: A total of 128 participants (30 women and 98 men; mean [SD] age, 35.0 [10.9] years) were randomiz …

SmokefreeTXT for Homeless Smokers: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Homeless smokers want to quit smoking but face numerous barriers to doing so, including pervasive smoking among peers and a lack … 5 automated SMS text messages daily for up to 8 weeks and could receive on-demand tips for managing cravings, mood symptoms, and smoking lapses. The primary outcome was smoking abstinence, defined as an exhaled carbon monoxide count of <8 parts per million, assessed 14 times over 8 weeks of follow-up, and analyzed using repeated-measures logistic regressi …

[Analgesic abuse and psychiatric comorbidity in headache patients].

Headache patients frequently overuse analgesic medications: 20% of the patients from headache centers is concerned by this problem, which ha … ed, many patients will experience pharmacological tolerance and dependence but also by some kind of craving. International Headache Society qualify these patients as abusers referring mostly to the amount of substance ingested. Hence patients are labelled analgesic abusers . However, as many of these analgesic medications contained psychotropic substances …

Qualitative Exit Interviews to Characterize the Positive Treatment Experiences of Patients in the Phase III Trial of Orforglipron Versus Oral Semaglutide for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There is an unmet need for effective and well-tolerated oral formulations of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agon … eported positive concepts included increased perceived energy (n = 28, 46.7%), reduced appetite and cravings (n = 23, 38.3%), improved exercise/movement (n = 18, 30.0%), and psychological improvements (n = 18, 30.0%). Additional positive changes included increased confidence/self-esteem, improved diet and eating habits, improved sleep, and improved or a l …

Impact of dextroamphetamine substitution on the use of illicit amphetamines in adults with amphetamine dependence: a study protocol for the multicentre double blind randomised controlled trial ATLAS4Dependence.

INTRODUCTION: There is limited evidence on how to effectively treat individuals from marginalised populations with dependence on amphetamine … tention-deficit hyperactivity disorder-related symptoms, sleep, violence risk, fatigue, symptoms of craving and withdrawal, treatment retention, days of use of illicit amphetamines and use at 4 weeks and 8 weeks during the intervention period, use of other illicit substances and alcohol, as well as a cost-effectiveness analysis (using private economy, cri …

Individual Differences in the Relationship Between Attachment and Nomophobia Among College Students: The Mediating Role of Mindfulness.

BACKGROUND: There is a growing interest in nomophobia, which is defined as the fear of being out of cellular phone contact, or "feelings of discomfort or anxiety experienced by individuals when they are unable to use their mobile phones or utilize the affordances these devices provide". However, only limited research can be found in terms of its determinants at present. Contemporary literature suggests that the relationships among attachment styles, mindfulness, and nomophobia have not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the mediating effect of mindfulness on the rela

Varenicline: a pharmacoeconomic review of its use as an aid to smoking cessation.

Varenicline (Chantix, Champix) is an orally administered alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist that is indicated as an aid to smoking cessation. Well designed clinical trials indicate that varenicline is an effective aid to smoking cessation. During the last 4 weeks of treatment, carbon monoxide-confirmed continuous abstinence rates were generally significantly higher with varenicline than with placebo, bupropion sustained release (SR) or nicotine replacement therapy. Varenicline also reduced cravings, the reinforcing effects of smoking and some withdrawal symptoms. Anot…

Использование биомаркеров для прогнозирования ответа на транскраниальную прямую токовую стимуляцию (tDCS): систематический обзор скопинга.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Транскраниальная прямая токовая стимуляция (tDCS) — это неперерывная нейромодуляция с увеличивающимся количеством доказательств эффективности при лечении нейропсихиатрических состояний. Нужны биомаркеры для прогнозирования и мониторинга эффективности tDCS. Наша цель — провести систематический обзор для оценки доказательств о способности биомаркеров прогнозировать реакцию на tDCS и выявить перспективные кандидатные биомаркеры в популяции пациентов с нейропсихиатрическими заболеваниями. МЕТОДЫ: Комплексные поиски были проведены в базах данных MEDLINE и EMBASE 24/09/2023. Статьи были о

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… Use Disorder - Cigarette Craving | 32 | 26.68(6.28) | 1mA | 30 x 1 | N | LDLPFC | 2 | tDCS treatment resulted in altered FC which predicted reduced craving during cue-reactivity task Den Uyl et al. ( 134 ) | 2016 | RCT | 4/5 | Alchohol Use Disorder -Cognitive Bias | 78 | 21.85(0.36) | 1mA | 15 x 3 | … symptom ratings Shahbabaie. ( 136 ) | 2018 | RCT | 2/5 | Methamphetamine use disorder - Drug Craving | 15 | 31.33(1.40) | 2mA | 20 x 1 | N | LDLPFC | 2 | tDCS modified resting-state FC which correlated to reduction of craving scores. …

A literature review of dopamine in binge eating.

OBJECTIVE: Binge eating, a core diagnostic symptom in binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa, increases the risk of multiple physiological and psychiatric disorders. The neurotransmitter dopamine is involved in food craving, decision making, executive functioning, and impulsivity personality trait; all of which contribute to the development and maintenance of binge eating. The objective of this paper is to review the associations of dopamine levels/activities, dopamine regulator (e.g., dopamine transporter, degrading enzymes) levels/activities, and dopamine receptor availability/affinity wi…

Financial incentives for smoking cessation in pregnancy: multicentre randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of financial incentives dependent on continuous smoking abstinence on smoking cessation and birth outcom … ian time to relapse was longer (visit 5 (interquartile range 3-6) and visit 4 (3-6), P<0.001)), and craving for tobacco was lower (β=-1.81, 95% confidence interval -3.55 to -0.08, P=0.04) in the financial incentives group than control group. Financial incentives were associated with a 7% reduction in the risk of a poor neonatal outcome: 4 babies (2%) in t …

Effects of Mirtazapine for Methamphetamine Use Disorder Among Cisgender Men and Transgender Women Who Have Sex With Men: A Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial.

IMPORTANCE: Methamphetamine use is increasingly prevalent and associated with HIV transmission. A previous phase 2a study of mirtazapine dem … 36 weeks (primary outcomes) and sexual risk behaviors (secondary outcomes). Sleep, methamphetamine craving, dependence severity, and adverse events were assessed. RESULTS: Of 241 persons assessed, 120 were enrolled (5 transgender women and 115 cisgender men). The mean (SD) age was 43.3 (9.8) years; 61 (50.8%) were white, 31 (25.8%) were African American …