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Anti-cancer mechanisms of action of therapeutic alternating electric fields (tumor treating fields [TTFields]).

Despite improved survival outcomes across many cancer types, the prognosis remains grim for certain solid organ cancers including glioblastoma and pancreatic cancer. Invariably in these cancers, the control achieved by time-limited interventions such as traditional surgical resection, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy is short-lived. A new form of anti-cancer therapy called therapeutic alternating electric fields (AEFs) or tumor treating fields (TTFields) has been shown, either by itself or in combination with chemotherapy, to have anti-cancer effects that translate to improved survival outc

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… Furthermore, TTFields has been shown to dampen DNA replication through downregulation of mini-chromosome maintenance (MCM) family and suppressed formation of filamentous structures including tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) ( Gera et al., 2015 ; Giladi et al., 2016 ; Karanam et al., 2020 ; Farmani et al., … Tunneling nanotubes provide a unique conduit for intercellular transfer of cellular contents in human malignant pleural mesothelioma. PLoS One 7, e33093. Linder B., Schiesl A., Voss M.et al. (2021). …

Effects of Physical Cues on Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles toward Neuropathy Applications.

The peripheral nervous system undergoes sufficient stress when affected by diabetic conditions, chemotherapeutic drugs, and personal injury. Consequently, peripheral neuropathy arises as the most common complication, leading to debilitating symptoms that significantly alter the quality and way of life. The resulting chronic pain requires a treatment approach that does not simply mask the accompanying symptoms but provides the necessary external environment and neurotrophic factors that will effectively facilitate nerve regeneration. Under normal conditions, the peripheral nervous system self-r

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… However, Leng et al. successfully utilized carbon nanotube bucky paper in vivo to transplant human retinal pigment epithelium cells within the subretinal space of rats [ 301 ]. This study explicitly emphasized that minimal material manipulation is suitable for short-term host interaction. … Incorporating conductive, biocompatible, and biodegradable materials such as carbon nanotubes, enhanced by a triboelectric effect, is an effective method of maintaining a regenerative environment. 6. …

Immunotherapy for Colorectal Cancer: Mechanisms and Predictive Biomarkers.

Though early-stage colorectal cancer has a high 5 year survival rate of 65-92% depending on the specific stage, this probability drops to 13% after the cancer metastasizes. Frontline treatments for colorectal cancer such as chemotherapy and radiation often produce dose-limiting toxicities in patients and acquired resistance in cancer cells. Additional targeted treatments are needed to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Immunotherapy involves treatment with peptides, cells, antibodies, viruses, or small molecules to engage or train the immune system to kill cancer cells. Preclinical

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… Recent work has revealed that cancer cells hijack the mitochondria of immune cells via nanotubes. Inhibiting nanotube formation led to improved outcomes after anti-PD-1 therapy in a breast cancer model, and next steps should include similar investigation in colorectal cancer [ 235 ]. …

Enhancing the Safety of Nanoparticles in Medicine: Highlights of Progress and Critical Objectives.

Nanoparticles have transformed drug delivery, imaging, vaccination, and precision therapeutics, but their clinical translation remains constrained by safety profiles that are inseparable from material design, biological identity, host factors, and manufacturing. This review critically evaluates recent progress, persistent limitations, and priority objectives for safer nanomedicine. Unlike reviews organized primarily by material class or isolated toxicology endpoints, we integrate physicochemical determinants, protein corona formation, immune recognition, organ disposition, preclinical models,

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… Carbon-based nanomaterials represent another broad and functionally rich class that includes carbon nanotubes, graphene and graphene oxide, fullerenes, nanodiamonds, carbon dots, graphene quantum dots, and carbon nano-onions. … Nanodiamonds and carbon dots, in particular, have drawn attention for relatively favorable biocompatibility profiles compared with some earlier carbon nanostructures, while graphene derivatives and nanotubes continue to offer powerful optical and thermal functionalities. 38–40 In cancer, carbon-based …

Evaluation of Preventive Role of Systemically Applied Erythropoietin after Tooth Extraction in a Bisphosphonate-Induced MRONJ Model.

Background and Objectives: In this experimental study, the prophylactic effect of systemically administered erythropoietin (EPO) in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) was evaluated. Materials and Methods: The osteonecrosis model was established using 36 Sprague Dawley rats. EPO was systemically applied before and/or after tooth extraction. Groups were formed based on the application time. All samples were evaluated histologically, histomorphometrically, and immunohistochemically. A statistically significant difference in new bone formation was observed between the groups (p <

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… Evaluation of carbon nanotubes functionalized with sodium hyaluronate in the inflammatory processes for oral regenerative medicine applications Clin. Oral Investig. 2016 20 1607 1616 10.1007/s00784-015-1639-5 26556578 34. Aoyagi H. Yamashiro K. Hirata-Yoshihara C. Ideguchi H. Yamasaki M. …

Взаимодействие между нейтрофилами и элементами барьера крови и мозга в контексте множественного склероза и ишемического разрушения.

Барьер мозга крови (BBB) представляет собой полупроницаемую мембрану в физиологических условиях, но в патологии, такой, как множественный склероз (MS) и ишемический инсульт (IS), его проницаемость возрастает. В этом обзоре основное внимание уделяется нейтрофильам и их взаимодействию с клеточными компонентами ББД: эндотелиальными клетками (ЭК), перицитами (ПХ) и астроцитами (АК). В настоящее время нейтрофилы получают больше внимания, главным образом благодаря передовым методам исследований, которые показывают сложность их населения. Кроме того, нейтрофилы способны засекать внеклеточные везикли

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… PCs can construct tunnelling nanotubes that regulate neurovascular coupling and control capillary blood flow [ 129 ]. ECs connected with PCs are more resistant to apoptosis than isolated ECs. This connection supports the role of PCs in supporting the structural integrity of the BBB [ 130 ]. …

Exploiting Nanomedicine for Cancer Polychemotherapy: Recent Advances and Clinical Applications.

The most important limitations of chemotherapeutic agents are severe side effects and the development of multi-drug resistance. Recently, the clinical successes achieved with immunotherapy have revolutionized the treatment of several advanced-stage malignancies, but most patients do not respond and many of them develop immune-related adverse events. Loading synergistic combinations of different anti-tumor drugs in nanocarriers may enhance their efficacy and reduce life-threatening toxicities. Thereafter, nanomedicines may synergize with pharmacological, immunological, and physical combined tre

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… Liposomal, micellar, porous silica, polymeric, viral, noble metal, and nanotube systems can be incorporated either within a porous nanostructure (“tanker”), or grafted at the surface of a nanoparticle (“barge”). … Carcinogenicity Evaluation for the Application of Carbon Nanotubes as Biomaterials in RasH2 Mice Sci. Rep. 2012 2 498 10.1038/srep00498 22787556 PMC3391660 142. Liu Y. Liu S. Wu M. Lv J. Yang Y. Dan M. Liu L. Chen L. Wu X. Fan C. …

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Bridging the Gaps in Hematologic Disease Therapy.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have demonstrated therapeutic potential in hematologic diseases by modulating immune responses, supporting hematopoiesis, and remodeling the bone marrow microenvironment. Clinically, MSCs have been explored for graft-versus-host disease and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation support, while their applications in hematologic malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma, and myelodysplastic syndromes, remain under investigation. However, therapeutic heterogeneity, safety concerns, and standardization challenges limit their clinical transla

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… Inhibition strategies that block tunneling nanotube formation also interfere with adhesion and signaling, complicating interpretation. … vitro | T-ALL blasts: 10 T-ALL patients at the initial diagnosis phase before treatment initiation | MSCs protect T-ALL cells from chemotherapy-induced oxidative stress by facilitating mitochondria transfer from leukemia cells, which contributes to chemoresistance | Mitochondria transfer via tunneling nanotubes …

Resveratrol Nanoformulations for Cancer Management: A Comprehensive Review of Disease-Specific Strategies and Clinical Translational Barriers.

Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, highlighting the need for therapeutic strategies that reduce systemic toxicity and drug resistance. Resveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenolic stilbenoid, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic, and chemosensitizing activities. However, its clinical translation is limited by poor aqueous solubility, chemical instability, rapid metabolic clearance, and consequently low systemic bioavailability. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems provide a promising strategy to address these limitations. This review s

Organic Nanoparticles in Progressing Cardiovascular Disease Treatment and Diagnosis.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the world's most prominent cause of mortality, continue to be challenging conditions for patients, physicians, and researchers alike. CVDs comprise a wide range of illnesses affecting the heart, blood vessels, and the blood that flows through and between them. Advances in nanomedicine, a discipline focused on improving patient outcomes through revolutionary treatments, imaging agents, and ex vivo diagnostics, have created enthusiasm for overcoming limitations in CVDs' therapeutic and diagnostic landscapes. Nanomedicine can be involved in clinical purposes for CV

Critical considerations for targeting colorectal liver metastases with nanotechnology.

Colorectal cancer remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Half of all patients develop liver metastases, presenting unique challenges for their treatment. The shortcomings of conventional chemotherapy has encouraged the use of nanomedicines; the application of nanotechnology in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. In spite of technological improvements in nanotechnology, the complexity of biological systems hinders the prospect of nanomedicines being applied in cancer therapy at the present time. This review highlights current biological barriers and discusses aspe

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… These include carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, liposomes, micellar systems, NPs, and synthetic polymers (Mody, Tekade, Mehra, Chopdey, & Jain, 2014 ). …

Dental Implant Placement in Patients on Bisphosphonate Therapy: a Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVES: The review aims to study dental implant placement purposefulness for patients who have been treated or are on treatment with bisphosphonate medication. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Structured search strategy was applied on electronic databases: MEDLINE, PubMed, PubMed Central and ResearchGate. Scientific publications in English between 2006 and 2017 were identified in accordance with inclusion, exclusion criteria. Publication screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed. Outcome measures included implant failure or implant-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. RESULTS:

Exploration of Site-Specific Drug Targeting-A Review on EPR-, Stimuli-, Chemical-, and Receptor-Based Approaches as Potential Drug Targeting Methods in Cancer Treatment.

Cancer has been one of the most dominant causes of mortality globally over the last few decades. In cancer treatment, the selective targeting of tumor cells is indispensable, making it a better replacement for conventional chemotherapies by diminishing their adverse side effects. While designing a drug to be delivered selectively in the target organ, the drug development scientists should focus on various factors such as the type of cancer they are dealing with according to which drug, targeting moieties, and pharmaceutical carriers should be targeted. All published articles have been collecte

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… Targeted delivery and controlled release of doxorubicin to cancer cells using modified single wall carbon nanotubes Biomaterials 2009 30 6041 6047 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.07.025 2-s2.0-69249203516 19643474 120 Sun X. Wang C. Gao M. Hu A. Liu Z. … Multifunctional polyphosphazene-coatedmulti-walled carbon nanotubes for the synergistic treatment of redox-responsive chemotherapy and effective photothermal therapy Polymer Chemistry 2017 8 6938 6942 10.1039/c7py01485f 2-s2.0-85034847261 163 Chen H. Tian J. He W. Guo Z. …

Сопоставление эффективности различных методов тренировки для взрослых МСИ: сетевой мета-анализ.

Небольшие когнитивные расстройства (MCI) считаются доклинической или продромальной стадией болезни Альцгеймера (AD). Пациенты MCI имеют годовую вероятность развития к слабоумию 10%-15%, намного выше, чем нормальные престарелые1%-2%). Мы провели сетевой метаанализ (NMA) относительно эффективности различных способов упражнений для взрослых, охваченных MCI. Компьютерный поиск MethodsA был проведен в Эмбасе, Пубмеде, Кокранской библиотеке и Сети наук для RCT о последствиях тренировок для пациентов MCI с момента их создания по февраль. 22, 2025. Two Эксперты, проводящие обзор, несут независимую отв

Экстракорпоральное обнаружение биомаркеров и патогенов в слюне: всеобъемлющий, панорамный обзор.

Человеческая слюна представляет собой разнородную жидкость с сложным составом, которая содержит антитела, белки и вирусы, что делает ее применимой в клинической диагностике. Анализ проб слюны имеет несколько преимуществ по сравнению с другими биофильтрами, включая неинвазивную и простую процедуру сбора для эксторального обнаружения. Диагностика биомаркеров или патогенов в слюне может осуществляться различными методами: масс-спектрометрией, ПЦР, ЭЛИСА, электрохимическими и оптическими методами, такими, как флуоресцентная, SPR и SERS. Раннее обнаружение раковых и других биомаркеров заболеваний,

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… Electrodes modified with carbon nanotubes are also used in biodetection since they provide high surface area, good chemical stability, and excellent electrical conductivity [ 305 ]. … This effect was well illustrated by Tilli et al., who fabricated a label-free immunosensor based on a carbon-nanotube chemiresistive transducer functionalized with cortisol analog and anti-cortisol antibody [ 361 ]. …

Emerging Nanotherapeutic Approaches to Overcome Drug Resistance in Cancers with Update on Clinical Trials.

A key issue with modern cancer treatments is the emergence of resistance to conventional chemotherapy and molecularly targeted medicines. Cancer nanotherapeutics were created in order to overcome the inherent limitations of traditional chemotherapeutics. Over the last few decades, cancer nanotherapeutics provided unparalleled opportunities to understand and overcome drug resistance through clinical assessment of rationally designed nanoparticulate delivery systems. In this context, various design strategies such as passive targeting, active targeting, nano-drug, and multimodal nano-drug combin

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… Some of the commonly utilized nano vehicles include lipid- and micelle-based nanoparticles, polymeric/non-polymeric nanoparticles, nanoconjugates, carbon nanotubes, nanogels, nano capsules, dendrimers, polymer micelles, and quantum dots for the enhancement of the efficacy of therapeutic interventions … In another study, a nanoparticle system based on electrospun polycaprolactone nanofibers encapsulating all-trans retinoic acid and hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes for targeting and killing glioma stem cells was presented. …

Frontiers in Antibody-Drug Conjugates: Mechanisms, Design Innovations, and Clinical Applications in Targeted Cancer Therapy.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a transformative class of targeted therapies designed to deliver potent cytotoxic agents specifically to tumor cells, minimizing systemic toxicity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of ADCs, detailing their mechanisms of action, design strategies, and clinical advancements. ADCs utilize monoclonal antibodies to selectively bind tumor-associated antigens, enabling the precise delivery of toxic payloads to cancer cells. The review explores the critical components of ADCs, including the antibody, linker, and payload, and highlights how these e

European Code Against Cancer, 5th edition - occupational exposures and cancer.

Occupational exposure to cancer-causing agents is a major, yet preventable, contributor to cancer in Europe and globally. In the European Union (EU), cancer is responsible for nearly half of all work-related deaths, underscoring the critical need for prevention measures. Effective strategies typically involve regulatory and workplace measures aimed at reducing or eliminating exposure risks. Raising awareness of hazardous workplace exposures is essential to empower individuals, foster a culture of prevention, and support effective regulation. The 5th edition of the European Code Against Cancer

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… Carcinogenicity of fluoro‐edenite, silicon carbide fibres and whiskers, and carbon nanotubes. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15(13):1427–1428. 35. Infante‐rivard C, Dufresne A, Armstrong B, Bouchard P, Thériault G. Cohort study of silicon carbide production workers. …

Nanoliposomes in Cancer Therapy: Marketed Products and Current Clinical Trials.

The drugs used for cancer treatment have many drawbacks, as they damage both tumor and healthy cells and, in addition, they tend to be poorly soluble drugs. Their transport in nanoparticles can solve these problems as these can release the drug into tumor tissues, as well as improve their solubility, bioavailability, and efficacy, reducing their adverse effects. This article focuses on the advantages that nanotechnology can bring to medicine, with special emphasis on nanoliposomes. For this, a review has been made of the nanoliposomal systems marketed for the treatment of cancer, as well as th

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… Examples of these are polymeric nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanoemulsions, liposomes, and carbon nanotubes [ 13 ]. …

HOTTIP Predicts Poor Survival in Gastric Cancer Patients and Contributes to Cisplatin Resistance by Sponging miR-216a-5p.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant public health burden worldwide, and cisplatin resistance is the leading cause for the failure of chemotherapy in this disease. Previous studies have revealed that HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) is involved in the pathology of GC and is associated with poor overall survival. However, the functional role of HOTTIP in GC chemoresistance remains unclear. In this study, quantitative real-time PCR was used to analyze HOTTIP expression in GC cell lines and in tissues of GC patients who received cisplatin-based chemotherapy. The mechanism of HOTTIP-medi