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Endogenous Targeting of Lipid Nanoparticles to Kidney Tumors.

Although the delivery of genetic therapies to tumors using nanoparticles remains challenging, targeting may be enabled via plasma membrane receptors overexpressed on certain cancer cells. Here, we developed an endogenous targeting strategy for trafficking intravenously administered mRNA (and siRNA) lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) kidney tumors. LNPs were engineered to adsorb circulating plasma vitronectin (Vtn), the ligand for αVβ3 integrin/vitronectin receptor (Vtn-R), which is overexpressed in ccRCC. Functional mRNA delivery to human ccRCC cells was enha…

Usage of Silver Nanoparticles in Orthodontic Bonding Reagents.

Fixed orthodontic appliances, which are cemented to tooth surfaces, complicate the maintenance of oral hygiene and create a rough surface th … cal field. Here, we aim to review the antibacterial properties and potential side effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) when incorporated into orthodontic bonding reagents. This valuation could contribute to the development of novel bonding reagents designed to prevent the formation of white spot lesions and caries during orthodontic treatments.

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles - From synthesis to nanomedicine.

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have emerged as powerful tools in nanomedicine owing to their heavy-metal-free composition, distinct magnetic properties, biocompatibility, and customizable surface chemistry. While traditionally employed as T2-weighted MRI contrast agents, recent innovations have enabled the development of ultra-small SPIONs-such as exceedingly small SPIONs (ES-SPIONs) and single-nanometer iron oxide nanoparticles (SNIOs)-that offer T1-weighted MRI capabilities, which are favored by radiologists for their superior anatomical clarity. This review highlights t…

Нанотехнология в области гематологии: усиление терапевтической эффективности с помощью нанопчастей.

Фон и цели Гематологические заболевания, такие, как лейкемия, лимфома и множественная миелома, вносят значительный вклад в глобальный диагноз рака. Несмотря на прогресс в традиционных методах лечения, таких, как химиотерапия и иммунотерапия, эти методы лечения сталкиваются с ограничениями, включая неконкретную адресность, побочные эффекты и резистентность к лекарствам. Цель этого обзора заключается в изучении потенциала нанотехнологии, в частности наночастиц (НФ), для улучшения терапевтических последствий для этих раковых заболеваний путем расширения поставок наркотиков и снижения токсичности.

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Background and aimsHematological malignancies, such as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, contribute significantly to global cancer d … drug resistance. The aim of this review is to explore the potential of nanotechnology, particularly nanoparticles (NPs), to improve therapeutic outcomes for these cancers by enhancing drug delivery and reducing toxicity.MethodsThis review examines recent advancements in NP-based therapies, focusing on their application in hematological malignancies. We discuss …

Targeting prostate tumour and its stroma by nanoparticles.

The stroma plays a pivotal role in the development of prostate tumours. The tumour stroma includes different immune and stromal cells. Strom … h the prostate tumour stroma. We overview the functionalisation and targeting mechanisms of various nanoparticles, including organic and inorganic nanoparticles, highlighting their ability to specifically target stromal elements such as fibroblasts, extracellular matrix (ECM) and immune cells in PCa. Furthermore, we evaluate the synergistic potential of combini …

Click Chemistry-Based Bioconjugation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles.

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) exhibit unique properties for diverse biomedical applications, including drug delivery and diagnostic imaging. Actively targeted SPIONs enhance delivery to diseased sites, reducing side effects and enhancing treatment efficacy. However, the development of reproducible functionalization protocols is challenged by the erratic behavior of nanoparticles in suspensions, such as agglomeration and sedimentation. In this study, a functionalization method is developed and systematically optimized to attach the Fc-region of antibodies onto silica-coate…

Fish active packaging with ZnO/Fe-MMT nanoparticles.

Today, active packaging has become essential to increase food safety and decrease food spoilage. In this study, the aim was to delay spoilage and increase the shelf life of rainbow fish fillets with a new hybrid nanocomposite active packaging. Packaging was fabricated with Ethylene vinyl acetate and active compounds such as rosemary extract, zinc oxide nanoparticles, and modified iron (Fe-MMT). Various experiments such as XRD and FESEM analyses were performed on active films, and for fish fillets, total sulfhydryl, volatile nitrogen, and lipid oxidation tests were conducted to determine the sh…

Retention of Mercury Sulfide Nanoparticles in Natural Soils.

Growing evidence has indicated that mercury sulfide nanoparticles (HgS NPs) are the potential precursors for neurotoxic methylmercury. But how and which soil components affect HgS NP retention remains unclear. Here, we examined the retention of uncoated and humic acid coated HgS NPs in 18 natural soils with varied properties. Our results suggested that the Kr values (retention coefficients) for uncoated and humic acid HgS NPs were 2.46 × 103 to 8.32 × 105 L kg- 1 and 3.00 × 103 to 2.73 × 105 L kg- 1, respectively. Soil properties (i.e., electrical conductivity, organic matter (OM), oxalate-ext…

Colorimetric methods using gold nanoparticles for forensic investigations.

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are increasingly employed in biosensing and forensic applications due to its unique optical properties, especially surface plasmon resonance (SPR). This property enables GNPs to undergo significant color changes in response to alterations in particle size, shape, and aggregation, making them ideal for sensitive colorimetric assays. These assays can detect analytes such as heavy metals (e.g., mercury, lead) and biomolecules without requiring complex instrumentation. The biocompatibility and functionalization versatility of GNPs enhance its application in forensic scien…

Nimodipine Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach for Glaucoma Management.

Background/Objectives: Glaucoma is a multifactorial eye disease that can cause optic nerve damage and irreversible blindness. It is considered a significant public health problem worldwide. Topical intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering eye preparations are used to prevent or slow further damage. Previously, we demonstrated that nimodipine (NMD), a calcium channel blocker, significantly reduced IOP after a single drop of NMD/HPMC suspension. The current study was designed to develop NMD chitosan nanoparticles (NMD-CS NPs) to improve the NMD IOP-lowering efficacy. Methods: NMD-CS NPs were prepared…

Polymeric nanoparticles for efficient nose-to-brain delivery.

Brain disorders affect over one billion people globally, presenting significant challenges for effective treatment due to the limited drug b … e nasal cavity to enable direct drug transport to the brain. Among the various delivery strategies, nanoparticles, and polymeric nanoparticles in particular, stand out due to their growing attention, offering biocompatibility, biodegradability, and customizable designs. This review explores the key physicochemical characteristics of polymeric nanoparticles, inc …

Antileishmanial Activities of Carvacrol Nanoencapsulate in Biopolymeric Nanoparticles.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected parasitic disease, and the first-line treatments for VL include drugs that exhibit serious toxicological issues. In this sense, new molecules are sought for VL treatment, such as Carvacrol (Car), a phenolic monoterpene that has shown strong activity against Leishmania spp. However, its low solubility prevents its free administration, requiring a new therapeutic strategy such as encapsulation in chitosan biopolymeric nanoparticles. This study aimed to develop chitosan biopolymeric nanoparticles (NPChi) encapsulating Car (NPCar) and evaluate their in vi…

Therapeutic Potential of Silver Nitroprusside Nanoparticles for Melanoma.

Melanoma has gained considerable attention due to its high mortality and morbidity rate worldwide. The currently available treatment options are associated with several limitations such as nonspecificity, drug resistance, easy clearance, low efficacy, toxicity-related issues, etc. To this end, nanotechnology has garnered significant attention for the treatment of melanoma. In the present manuscript, we have demonstrated the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of silver nitroprusside nanoparticles (abbreviated as AgNNPs) against melanoma. The AgNNPs exhibit cytotoxicity against B16F10 cell…

Tau-targeting nanoparticles for treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of neural connections and decreased brain tissue volume. Initially affecting the hippocampus and entorhinal complex, which are responsible for memory, the disease later impacts the cerebral cortex, controlling language, logic, and social conduct. While the exact cause is unknown, genetic mutations and environmental factors are implicated. Diagnosis involves computed tomography (CT) scans, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRIs), Positron emission tomography (PET) scans, and lumbar punctures to detect brain abnormaliti

Stability and biological response of PEGylated gold nanoparticles.

Stability and cytotoxicity of PEGylated Au NPs is crucial for biomedical application. In this study, we have focused on thermal stability of PEGylated Au NPs at 4 and 37 °C and after sterilization in autoclave. Gold nanoparticles were prepared by direct sputtering of gold into PEG and PEG-NH2. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that NPs exhibit a spherical shape with average dimensions 3.8 nm for both AuNP_PEG and AuNP_PEG-NH2. The single LSPR band at wavelength of 509 nm also confirmed presence of spherical Au NPs in both cases. Moreover, according to UV-Vis spectra, the Au NPs were ov…

Synthesis, modifications, and applications of iron-based nanoparticles.

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are appealing materials as assistant to resolve environmental pollution issues and as recyclable catalysts for the oxidative degradation of resistant contaminants. Moreover, they can significantly influence the advancement of medical applications for imaging, diagnostics, medication administration, and biosensing. On the other hand, due to unique features, excellent biocompatibility, high curie temperatures and low cytotoxicity of the Iron-based nanoparticles, they have received increasing attention in recent years. Using an external magnetic field, in which the f…

Lipid nanoparticles for pulmonary fibrosis: A comprehensive review.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal progressive and irreversible ailment associated with the proliferation of fibroblast and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) with gradual scarring of lung tissue. Despite several research studies, the treatments available are not efficient enough for the reversal of the disease and are constantly in progress. No drugs other than Pirfenidone and Nintedanib have been approved for the treatment of IPF, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies. Recently, lipid-based nanoparticles (LNPs) have drawn more attention because of …

ISX9 loaded thermoresponsive nanoparticles for hair follicle regrowth.

There is a high demand for an optimal drug delivery system to treat androgenetic alopecia. Topical application of ISX9, which is a neurogene … shell polymer effectively released the drug at a definite skin temperature. The optimized spherical nanoparticles demonstrated the lowest critical solution temperature (LCST) at 32 ± 2 °C with a diameter of 100-250 nm, which delivered encapsulated ISX9 with greater precision than topical ISX9. In a series of in vivo experiments, we demonstrated that ISX9-coated …

Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles: Effective Antilarvicidal and Antibacterial Agents.

People are vulnerable to mosquito-borne infections in tropical and subtropical climate countries. Due to resistive issues, vector control is an immediate concern in today's environment. The current study describes the synthesis of magnesium oxide by four different approaches including green, microwave, sol-gel, and hydrothermal methods. The synthesized magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) techniques. …

HDACi Delivery Systems Based on Cellulose Valproate Nanoparticles.

The ability of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) like valproic acid (VPA) as a therapeutic for inflammatory diseases or cancer has incr … with VPA leads to products having a high amount of VPA loading. Subsequent shaping yielded uniform nanoparticles (NPs) of around 150 nm in size capable of releasing VPA in a controlled way under physiological conditions.